Helm 是 Deis 开发的一个用于 Kubernetes 应用的包管理工具，主要用来管理 Charts。有点类似于 Linux 中的 APT 或 YUM。Helm Chart 是用来封装 Kubernetes 原生应用程序的一系列 YAML 文件。可以在你部署应用的时候自定义应用程序的一些 Metadata，以便于应用程序的分发。对于应用发布者而言，可以通过 Helm 打包应用、管理应用依赖关系、管理应用版本并发布应用到软件仓库。对于使用者而言，使用 Helm 后不用需要编写复杂的应用部署文件，可以以简单的方式在 Kubernetes 上查找、安装、升级、回滚、卸载应用程序。
摘自互联网
作为 Kubernetes 的包管理工具，绝大部分软件都是选择 Helm 来作为应用的打包交付方式在 Kubernetes 上运行，而 Helm 已经成为了 Kubernetes 事实上的应用分发标准。
除了 Helm 之外，其实 Operator 与 Helm 干的事情也差不多，Operator 是通过 Kubernetes API 增加自定义功能，更好地发布和管理应用。对于 Operator 而言，Helm 的门槛和成本更低，不需要进行开发，但 Operator 的概念更酷。
在 Helm3 版本中已经移除了 Tiller ，现在的 Helm3 客户端跟 kubectl 一样，使用 kubeconfig 作为认证信息直接连接到 Kubernetes APIServer 。
Helm 概念
Chart 代表着 Helm 包。它包含在 Kubernetes 集群内部运行应用程序，工具或服务所需的所有资源定义。可以把它看作是 Ubuntu 中 apt install 安装的 DEB 包 或者 CentOS 中 yum install 安装的 RPM 包。
Repository (仓库) 是用来存放和共享 charts 的地方。它就像 Ubuntu 中的 apt 源或 CentOS 中 yum 源。
Release 是运行在 Kubernetes 集群中的 chart 的实例。一个 chart 通常可以在同一个集群中安装多次。每一次安装都会创建一个新的 release。以 MySQL chart 为例，如果你想在你的集群中运行两个数据库，你可以安装该 chart 两次。每一个数据库都会拥有它自己的 release 和 release name。
Helm3 安装
官方提供了各大主流系统的二进制包，直接下载即可。
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.5.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# tar -zxvf helm-v3.5.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
linux-amd64/
linux-amd64/helm
linux-amd64/LICENSE
linux-amd64/README.md
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/helm
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.5.3", GitCommit:"041ce5a2c17a58be0fcd5f5e16fb3e7e95fea622", GitTreeState:"dirty", GoVersion:"go1.15.8"}
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]#
注: Helm 默认使用 ~/.kube/config 连接 kubernetes
开启 tab 补齐命令
# 需要安装 bash-completion 包
# 在 ~/.bash_profile 或 /etc/profile 文件加入下面配置
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(helm completion bash)
# source ~/.bash_profile 或 /etc/profile 使环境变量生效
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm
completion dependency get history lint package pull rollback show template uninstall verify
create env help install list plugin repo search status test upgrade version
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm
Helm 使用命令这里就不展开了，如果不了解的读者可以到官网查看。
创建第一个模板
创建一个名为 mychart 的 chart
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm create mychart
Creating mychart
Helm 会生成一个名为 mychart 的文件夹
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# tree mychart
mychart
├── charts # charts 依赖的其他 charts
├── Chart.yaml # 描述 Chart 名字、描述信息、版本的等信息
├── templates
│ ├── deployment.yaml
│ ├── _helpers.tpl # 放置可以通过chart复用的模板辅助对象
│ ├── hpa.yaml
│ ├── ingress.yaml
│ ├── NOTES.txt # chart的"帮助文本"。这会在你的用户执行helm install时展示
│ ├── serviceaccount.yaml
│ ├── service.yaml
│ └── tests
│ └── test-connection.yaml
└── values.yaml # 模板变量
3 directories, 10 files
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]#
现在我们把 Helm 生成的模板删掉，开始编写我们的 ConfigMap 资源模板。
rm -rf mychart/templates/*
删除 values.yaml 中的默认内容，仅设置一个参数，使用 --set 传递参数。
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# cat mychart/values.yaml
favoriteDrink: default
创建 configmap 资源模板，使用 {{ .Release.Name }} 在模板中插入版本名称
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# cat mychart/templates/configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: {{ .Release.Name }}-configmap
data:
myvalue: "Hello World"
drink: {{ .Values.favoriteDrink }}
当我们想测试模板渲染但又不想安装任何内容时，可以使用 --dry-run 。
# 版本名称为 release-v1
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm install --debug --dry-run release-v1 ./mychart
install.go:173: [debug] Original chart version: ""
install.go:190: [debug] CHART PATH: /root/mychart
NAME: release-v1
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Mar 27 18:45:52 2021
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: pending-install
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
USER-SUPPLIED VALUES:
{}
COMPUTED VALUES:
favoriteDrink: default
HOOKS:
MANIFEST:
---
# Source: mychart/templates/configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: release-v1-configmap
data:
myvalue: "Hello World"
drink: default
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]#
再使用 --set 传递参数测试，drink 的值已被覆盖。
# 版本名称为 release-v1
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm install --debug --dry-run release-v1 ./mychart --set favoriteDrink=helm
install.go:173: [debug] Original chart version: ""
install.go:190: [debug] CHART PATH: /root/mychart
NAME: release-v1
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Mar 27 18:49:51 2021
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: pending-install
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
USER-SUPPLIED VALUES:
favoriteDrink: helm
COMPUTED VALUES:
favoriteDrink: helm
HOOKS:
MANIFEST:
---
# Source: mychart/templates/configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: release-v1-configmap
data:
myvalue: "Hello World"
drink: helm
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]#
安装资源
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm install release-v1 ./mychart --set favoriteDrink=helm
NAME: release-v1
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Mar 27 18:53:59 2021
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]#
查看安装的资源
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# kubectl get cm
NAME DATA AGE
kube-root-ca.crt 1 39d
release-v1-configmap 2 92s
test-emqx-acl 1 38d
test-emqx-env 3 38d
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm list
NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION
release-v1 default 1 2021-03-27 18:53:59.836359719 +0800 CST deployed mychart-0.1.0 1.16.0
# 可以运行helm get manifest {{.Release NAME}} 查看生成的完整的YAML。
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm get manifest release-v1
---
# Source: mychart/templates/configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: release-v1-configmap
data:
myvalue: "Hello World"
drink: helm
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]#
创建 NGINX+PHP CHART
创建一个名为 lnp 的 chart 。
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm create lnp
Creating lnp
Helm 生成 chart 的文件夹实际上是一个 nginx 模板，我们可以参考下该模板。
values 文件如下，定义全局变量，为了简洁，相同部分也可以共用同一个变量。
# Default values for lnp.
# This is a YAML-formatted file.
# Declare variables to be passed into your templates.
nginx:
replicaCount: 1
image:
repository: nginx
pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
# Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart appVersion.
tag: "1.19.9-alpine"
imagePullSecrets: []
nameOverride: ""
fullnameOverride: ""
serviceAccount:
# Specifies whether a service account should be created
create: true
# Annotations to add to the service account
annotations: {}
# The name of the service account to use.
# If not set and create is true, a name is generated using the fullname template
name: ""
podAnnotations: {}
service:
type: ClusterIP
port: 80
nodeport: 8080
# resources: {}
resources:
# We usually recommend not to specify default resources and to leave this as a conscious
# choice for the user. This also increases chances charts run on environments with little
# resources, such as Minikube. If you do want to specify resources, uncomment the following
# lines, adjust them as necessary, and remove the curly braces after 'resources:'.
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
php:
replicaCount: 1
image:
repository: php
pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
tag: "8.0.3-fpm"
imagePullSecrets: []
nameOverride: ""
fullnameOverride: ""
service:
type: ClusterIP
port: 9000
nodeport: 9000
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
livenessprobe:
tcpSocket:
port: http
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
readinessprobe:
httpGet:
path: /
port: http
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
autoscaling:
enabled: false
minReplicas: 1
maxReplicas: 100
targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80
# targetMemoryUtilizationPercentage: 80
nodeSelector: {}
tolerations: []
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/edge
operator: NotIn
values:
- ""
以 nginx-deployment.yaml 为例，通过 values 文件中定义的变量传递值。
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: {{ include "lnp.fullname" . }}-nginx
labels:
{{- include "lnp.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
spec:
{{- if not .Values.autoscaling.enabled }}
replicas: {{ .Values.nginx.replicaCount }}
{{- end }}
selector:
matchLabels:
{{- include "lnp.nginx.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
template:
metadata:
{{- with .Values.nginx.podAnnotations }}
annotations:
{{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
labels:
{{- include "lnp.nginx.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
spec:
{{- with .Values.affinity }}
affinity:
{{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- with .Values.nginx.imagePullSecrets }}
imagePullSecrets:
{{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
serviceAccountName: {{ include "lnp.serviceAccountName" . }}
containers:
- name: nginx
image: "{{ .Values.nginx.image.repository }}:{{ .Values.nginx.image.tag | default .Chart.AppVersion }}"
imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.nginx.image.pullPolicy }}
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
{{- toYaml .Values.livenessprobe | nindent 12 }}
readinessProbe:
{{- toYaml .Values.readinessprobe | nindent 12 }}
resources:
{{- toYaml .Values.nginx.resources | nindent 12 }}
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
name: nginx-config
subPath: path/to/nginx.conf
volumes:
- name: nginx-config
configMap:
name: {{ .Release.Name }}-nginx-config
items:
- key: nginx.conf
path: path/to/nginx.conf
{{- with .Values.nodeSelector }}
nodeSelector:
{{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- with .Values.tolerations }}
tolerations:
{{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
判断 service 的类型，当类型为 NodePort 时，设置 nodePort 的端口为 values 文件中默认的值，也可以通过 --set 传递参数，--set 的优先级大于 values 文件。
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: {{ include "lnp.fullname" . }}
labels:
{{- include "lnp.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
spec:
type: {{ .Values.nginx.service.type }}
ports:
- port: {{ .Values.nginx.service.port }}
targetPort: http
protocol: TCP
name: http
{{- if contains "NodePort" .Values.nginx.service.type }}
nodePort: {{ .Values.nginx.service.nodeport }}
{{- end }}
selector:
{{- include "lnp.nginx.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}
最终的文件如下
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# tree lnp/
lnp/
├── charts
├── Chart.yaml
├── templates
│ ├── _helpers.tpl
│ ├── nginx-configmap.yaml
│ ├── nginx-deployment.yaml
│ ├── nginx-serviceaccount.yaml
│ ├── nginx-service.yaml
│ ├── NOTES.txt
│ ├── php-deployment.yaml
│ └── php-service.yaml
└── values.yaml
2 directories, 10 files
通过 --dry-run 命令，查看渲染后的 yaml 文件
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm install --debug --dry-run demo ./lnp
install.go:173: [debug] Original chart version: ""
install.go:190: [debug] CHART PATH: /root/lnp
NAME: demo
LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Apr 1 04:05:52 2021
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: pending-install
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
USER-SUPPLIED VALUES:
{}
COMPUTED VALUES:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/edge
operator: NotIn
values:
- ""
autoscaling:
enabled: false
maxReplicas: 100
minReplicas: 1
targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80
livenessprobe:
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
tcpSocket:
port: http
nginx:
fullnameOverride: ""
image:
pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
repository: nginx
tag: 1.19.9-alpine
imagePullSecrets: []
nameOverride: ""
podAnnotations: {}
replicaCount: 1
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
service:
nodeport: 8080
port: 80
type: ClusterIP
serviceAccount:
annotations: {}
create: true
name: ""
nodeSelector: {}
php:
fullnameOverride: ""
image:
pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
repository: php
tag: 8.0.3-fpm
imagePullSecrets: []
nameOverride: ""
podAnnotations: {}
replicaCount: 1
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
service:
nodeport: 9000
port: 9000
type: ClusterIP
serviceAccount:
annotations: {}
create: true
name: ""
readinessprobe:
httpGet:
path: /
port: http
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
tolerations: []
HOOKS:
---
# Source: lnp/templates/nginx-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: demo-nginx-config
annotations:
# This is what defines this resource as a hook. Without this line, the
# job is considered part of the release.
"helm.sh/hook": post-install
"helm.sh/hook-weight": "5"
data:
nginx.conf: |
user nginx;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
keepalive_timeout 65;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
fastcgi_buffers 2 256k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
#gzip on;
gzip on;
gzip_buffers 32 4K;
gzip_comp_level 6 ;
gzip_min_length 4000;
gzip_types text/css text/xml apploation/x-javascript text/htm;
client_max_body_size 50m;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
server_name 0.0.0.0;
client_max_body_size 50m;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?_url=$uri&$args;
client_max_body_size 50m;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri /index.php =404;
#fastcgi_pass php.default.svc.cluster.local:9000;
fastcgi_pass demo-lnp-php:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
client_max_body_size 50m;
}
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
client_max_body_size 50m;
}
}
}
MANIFEST:
---
# Source: lnp/templates/nginx-serviceaccount.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: demo-lnp
labels:
helm.sh/chart: lnp-0.1.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
app.kubernetes.io/version: "v1"
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
---
# Source: lnp/templates/nginx-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: demo-lnp
labels:
helm.sh/chart: lnp-0.1.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
app.kubernetes.io/version: "v1"
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
spec:
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: http
protocol: TCP
name: http
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
---
# Source: lnp/templates/php-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: demo-lnp-php
labels:
helm.sh/chart: lnp-0.1.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: php
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
app.kubernetes.io/version: "v1"
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
spec:
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- port: 9000
targetPort: http
protocol: TCP
name: http
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: php
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
---
# Source: lnp/templates/nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: demo-lnp-nginx
labels:
helm.sh/chart: lnp-0.1.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
app.kubernetes.io/version: "v1"
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/edge
operator: NotIn
values:
- ""
serviceAccountName: demo-lnp
containers:
- name: nginx
image: "nginx:1.19.9-alpine"
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
tcpSocket:
port: http
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /
port: http
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
name: nginx-config
subPath: path/to/nginx.conf
volumes:
- name: nginx-config
configMap:
name: demo-nginx-config
items:
- key: nginx.conf
path: path/to/nginx.conf
---
# Source: lnp/templates/php-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: demo-lnp-php
labels:
helm.sh/chart: lnp-0.1.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: php
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
app.kubernetes.io/version: "v1"
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: php
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: php
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/edge
operator: NotIn
values:
- ""
containers:
- name: php
image: "php:8.0.3-fpm"
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 9000
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 60
tcpSocket:
port: http
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 128Mi
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=lnp,app.kubernetes.io/instance=demo" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
export CONTAINER_PORT=$(kubectl get pod --namespace default $POD_NAME -o jsonpath="{.spec.containers[0].ports[0].containerPort}")
echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:$CONTAINER_PORT
安装
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp]# helm install demo ./ --set nginx.service.type=NodePort
NAME: demo
LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Apr 1 02:57:30 2021
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get --namespace default -o jsonpath="{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}" services demo-lnp)
export NODE_IP=$(kubectl get nodes --namespace default -o jsonpath="{.items[0].status.addresses[0].address}")
echo http://$NODE_IP:$NODE_PORT
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp]#
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp]# kubectl get po,svc -l 'app.kubernetes.io/instance=demo'
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/demo-lnp-nginx-b7b84d47b-h58lt 1/1 Running 0 3m18s
pod/demo-lnp-php-7c5d5bd5f5-ddhlr 1/1 Running 0 3m18s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/demo-lnp NodePort 10.254.251.218 <none> 80:8080/TCP 3m18s
service/demo-lnp-php ClusterIP 10.254.42.201 <none> 9000/TCP 3m18s
创建测试解析文件 index.php
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp]# kubectl exec -it demo-lnp-php-7c5d5bd5f5-ddhlr -- bash
root@demo-lnp-php-7c5d5bd5f5-ddhlr:/var/www/html# echo "<?php phpinfo();?>" > index.php
root@demo-lnp-php-7c5d5bd5f5-ddhlr:/var/www/html# exit
exit
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp]# kubectl exec -it demo-lnp-nginx-b7b84d47b-h58lt -- sh
/ # echo "<?php phpinfo();?>" >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
/ # exit
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp]#
NGINX + PHP 环境正常解析
使用 MinIO 创建 Helm 仓库
创建 bucket
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# mc mb myminio/minio-helm-repo
Bucket created successfully `myminio/minio-helm-repo`.
允许匿名下载
[root@k8s-test-master01 repo]# mc policy set download myminio/minio-helm-repo
Access permission for `myminio/minio-helm-repo` is set to `download`
打包 chart
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm package lnp
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /root/lnp-0.1.0.tgz
创建 index.html 并上传包
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# mkdir lnp-0.1.0
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# helm repo index lnp-0.1.0/ --url http://10.254.170.34:9000/minio-helm-repo
[root@k8s-test-master01 ~]# cd lnp-0.1.0/
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]# ls -lrt
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4060 Apr 1 04:25 lnp-0.1.0.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 418 Apr 1 04:34 index.yaml
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]# mc cp index.yaml myminio/minio-helm-repo
index.yaml: 418 B / 418 B ┃▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓┃ 55.96 KiB/s 0s
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]# mc cp lnp-0.1.0.tgz myminio/minio-helm-repo
lnp-0.1.0.tgz: 3.96 KiB / 3.96 KiB ┃▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓┃ 345.67 KiB/s 0s
添加仓库并验证
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]# helm repo add lnp http://10.254.170.34:9000/minio-helm-repo
"lnp" has been added to your repositories
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]# helm repo list
NAME URL
emqx https://repos.emqx.io/charts
prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
stable https://charts.helm.sh/stable
lnp http://10.254.170.34:9000/minio-helm-repo
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]#
[root@k8s-test-master01 lnp-0.1.0]# helm search repo lnp
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
lnp/lnp 0.1.0 v1 A Helm chart for Kubernetes
如果熟悉 kubernetes 的 yaml 文件，创建 chart 是没啥难度的，Helm 还有一些高级的用法，如 Hook 机制。也可以参考一些开源的软件的 chart 包。
参考文档:
https://helm.sh/docs/
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