官档地址：
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e48195/chklist.htm#RIWIN961
1 Preinstallation Checklist安装前检查
1.2 Overview of Server Hardware, Network, and Operating System
服务器硬件、网络和操作系统的概述
Required for Oracle RAC
Each node in a cluster requires the following:
Supported server hardware, including processors and system configuration.
Note:
You must use the same operating system on each node in the cluster. Oracle strongly recommends that you use the same software configurations on each node of the cluster. Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC do not support heterogeneous platforms (each server must run the same Oracle software binaries) in the same cluster.
Operating system updates listed in the system requirements.
Oracle may require updates to the operating system, such as service packs and individual patches. If such requirements exist, then they are stated in the Release Notes for a particular release. You can also apply other operating system patches as recommended by Microsoft, if there are no "certification exceptions" listed in the Release Notes.
A supported interconnect software protocol on each node, to support Oracle Clusterware voting disk polling, and to support Cache Fusion with Oracle RAC. Your interconnect must be certified by Oracle for your platform.
oracle rac需要啥？
集群中的每个节点都需要如下的东东：
1、合适的服务器硬件，包括处理器和系统配置
注意：
在集群中的每个节点你必须使用相同的操作系统。oracle强烈建议你在集群中的每个节点都使用相同的软件配置（多胞胎），oracle clusterware和oracle rac在同一个集群中不支持不同结构的平台（每个服务必须运行相同的oracle二进制软件）。
2、操作系统升级材料可以在系统需求里面找到。
oracle 可能需要进行操作系统的升级，例如，服务包和个别补丁。如果需要这样做，那么你可以在版本说明里面找到。如果在版本说明中没有不合格的东西你也可以应用其它被微软推荐的操作系统补丁。
3、一个每个节点都能够支持rac的内网软件协议，来为oracle clusterware对于磁盘极化决策和oracle rac的缓存融合提供支持。你的内网必须在你的平台上经oracle认证。
Recommended for Oracle RAC: System Administrator Tasks
Oracle recommends the following tasks to simplify server installation and maintenance, and to prevent service issues:
Utilizing a time protocol, such as Network Time Protocol (NTP), to ensure that all nodes in the cluster use the same reference time. With Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2), if neither the Network Time Protocol or Windows Time Service is enabled at installation, then the Oracle Clusterware installation enables the Cluster Time Synchronization Service (CTSS).
Configuring redundant switches, for all cluster sizes.
Using identical server hardware on each node, to simplify server maintenance.
Avoiding resource contention issues by not installing Oracle RAC on a primary domain controller or backup domain controller.
一些对于oracle rac 的建议：系统管理员任务
oracle 建议完成如下任务去简化服务的安装和维护，这样做也为了避免一些服务器的问题：
1、使用一个时间协议，例如网络时间协议（NTP）。这样可以确保集群中的所有节点都使用相同的参照时间。在Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2)中，如果NTP和WTS都没有启用，则oracle会启用集群时间同步服务（CTSS）。
2、为所有集群的空间配置冗余的交换机
3、在每个节点使用相同的服务器硬件，以此来简化服务器的维护
4、通过不在主域控制器或备份域控制器上安装oracle rac来避免资源争夺问题。
1.2.2 Overview of Server Environment Configuration配置服务器安装环境概述
1、Creating operating system users to install Oracle software
2、Configuring the Oracle software owner user environments
1、根据需要创建一个或多个操作系统用户来安装oracle软件
2、配置oracle软件拥有者用户环境
To install the Oracle software, you must be a user that is a member of the Administrators group. If you use a local user account for the installation, then the user account must exist on all nodes in the cluster and the user name and password must be the same on all nodes.
要安装oracle软件，你必须作为管理员组中的一个用户。如果你使用本地的用户账号来安装，那么集群中的所有节点都必须存在这个用户账号。用户名字和密码在所有节点中都必须保持一致。
If you use a domain account for the installation, then the domain user must be explicitly declared as a member of the local Administrators group on each node in the cluster. It is not sufficient if the domain user has inherited membership from another group. The user performing the installation must be in the same domain on each node. For example, you cannot have a dba1 user on the first node in theDBADMIN domain and a dba1 user on the second node in the RACDBAdomain.
如果你使用一个域账号来安装，那么这个域用户在集群中的每个节点都必须处于本地管理员组。如果域用户和其它组有继承关系这是不足够的。每个节点的相同域上用户都必须执行安装。比如，你不能在一个节点中的DBADMIN域上有一个叫dba1的用户，而dba1用户同样在第二个节点的RACDBA域上存在。
Assume that you have one Oracle installation owner, and the user name for this Oracle installation owner is oracle. The oracle user must be either a local Administrator user or a domain user, and the same user must exist (same user name, password, and domain) on each node in the cluster.
假设你是一个oracle安装程序的拥有者，用户名是oracle。这个oracle用户可以作为一个本地管理者用户也可以作为一个域用户，相同的用户（相同的用户名、密码、域）必须存在集群中的每个节点。
When installing the Oracle Database software, the user performing the installation is automatically added to the ORA_DBA group. If you use a domain user, then after installation you must ensure that the domain user on each node is a member of the local Administrator's group and the ORA_DBA group.
当安装oracle数据库软件的时候，安装程序是自动地将用户添加到ora_dba组里。如果你使用的是一个域用户，那么安装完成时候你必须确保这个域用户在每个节点上都属于ora_dba组和本地管理员组。
Members of the local ORA_DBA group automatically receive the SYSDBA and SYSASM privileges.
ora_dba组的成员自动地获得sysdba和sysasm的权限。
Note:
If you use a domain user to perform the installation, then in some cases you must manually add the user to ORA_DBA group of the remote nodes after installation completes.
Oracle strongly recommends the use of domain users for Oracle RAC installations.
注意：
如果你使用一个域用户来执行安装程序，那么在某些情况在完成安装之后你必须手动地将用户添加到远程节点的ora_dba组里面。
oracle强烈建议使用域用户来进行oracle rac的安装。
1.1.7 Review Globalization Requirements
全球化需求的概述
Note the following:
注意下列：
Oracle recommends that you use Unicode AL32UTF8 as the database character set.
oracle建议你使用unicode AL32UTF8来作为数据库的字符集。
The locale setting of your operating system session determines the language of the user interface and the globalization behavior for components such as OUI, Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NETCA), and Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). The locale setting also determines the globalization behavior of Oracle Database sessions created by a user application through the JDBC driver, unless overridden by the application.
操作系统阶段的本地设置决定了用户界面的语言。目前世界上习惯使用一些组件，例如，oui，
Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NETCA)和Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA).通过java数据库连接被用户应用操作的本地设置也决定了oracle数据库阶段的一些行为。，除非它被应用重写了。
The character set specified by the NLS_LANG environment variable determines the language of the user interface and the globalization behavior for components such as SQL*Plus, exp, and imp. This variable also sets the language and territory used by the client application and the database. The NLS_LANG environment variable also declares the character set for entering and displaying data by the client application.
被NLS_LANG环境环境变量明确规定的字符集决定了用户界面的语言，人们习惯使用一些组件，例如SQL*Plus, exp, and imp. 这个变量也设置了被客户端应用程序和数据库使用语言和范围。NLS_LANG 环境变量也定义了客户端应用程序输入和输出数据的字符集
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