Python学习笔记三pip介绍及国内镜像源加速

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pip install <包名>

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pip uninstall <包名>

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pip install -U <包名>
或者
pip install <包名> --upgrade

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pip install -r requirements.txt

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pip show -f <包名>

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pip search <搜索关键字>

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pip list -o

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pip wheel <包名>

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E:\Work\Code>python "Day 1_Data_Preprocessing.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Day 1_Data_Preprocessing.py", line 4, in <module>
    import numpy as np
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'numpy'

E:\Work\Code>pip3 install numpy
Collecting numpy
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/99/29/080d63fb9579b426ea8081dc3f49f89e51912e0fb7d5be4a65cfa87e3898/numpy-1.18.3-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl (12.8MB)
     |                                | 10kB 434bytes/s eta 8:09:36ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 425, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 507, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\http\client.py", line 457, in read
    n = self.readinto(b)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\http\client.py", line 501, in readinto
    n = self.fp.readinto(b)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\socket.py", line 589, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\ssl.py", line 1071, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\ssl.py", line 929, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 153, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 382, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 201, in resolve
    self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 365, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 313, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    req, self.session, self.finder, self.require_hashes
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 194, in prepare_linked_requirement
    progress_bar=self.progress_bar
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\download.py", line 465, in unpack_url
    progress_bar=progress_bar
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\download.py", line 316, in unpack_http_url
    progress_bar)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\download.py", line 551, in _download_http_url
    _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\download.py", line 253, in _download_url
    hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\utils\hashes.py", line 80, in check_against_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\download.py", line 223, in written_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\utils\ui.py", line 160, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\download.py", line 212, in resp_read
    decode_content=False):
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 564, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 529, in read
    raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 430, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
WARNING: You are using pip version 19.3.1; however, version 20.0.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

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E:\Work\Code>pip3 install numpy -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
Collecting numpy
  Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/99/29/080d63fb9579b426ea8081dc3f49f89e51912e0fb7d5be4a65cfa87e3898/numpy-1.18.3-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl (12.8MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 12.8MB 6.8MB/s
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.18.3
WARNING: You are using pip version 19.3.1; however, version 20.0.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

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[global]
timeout = 6000
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

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[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
[install]
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

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import os
 
ini="""[global]
index-url = https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=pypi.doubanio.com
""" 
pippath=os.environ["USERPROFILE"]+"\\pip\\" 
 
if not os.path.exists(pippath):
    os.mkdir(pippath)
 
with open(pippath+"pip.ini","w+") as f:
    f.write(ini)

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python .\xx.py

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https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/	# 清华大学
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/		# 阿里云
https://pypi.douban.com/simple/				# 豆瓣
https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/	# 中国科学技术大学
https://pypi.hustunique.com/				# 华中科技大学