非云K8S集群安装配置Ingress Controller和MetalLB负载均衡

零壹陋室 2021-09-19

2057

摘要：不借助云平台的能力，在K8S集群上安装NGINX Ingress controlle和MetalLB，并暴露services的端口给集群外部访问，还使用MetalLB搭建负载集群。

安装软件的选型和版本如下:

K8S v1.22.1
MetalLB v0.10.2
NGINX Ingress controller v1.12.1

这里先有几个问题要澄清。

1、bare metal VS cloud (裸金属服务 VS 云平台)

将K8S集群中的deploy的端口暴露给集群外部，需要使用K8S service这种资源，而service暴露端口给外部又有两中type可以选择，NodePort与LoadBalancer(它两的区别下面再说)，而在云平台上，配置LoadBalancer非常简单，很多云平台(AWS,GCP)都有LoadBalancer的特定实现；而“裸金属”服务器就没有那么好的帮助了，所以环境不同，采用暴露端口的type也不同。

这里 “裸金属”之所以打引号，因为本案例使用的是阿里云的ECS，并非真正意义上的裸金属服务器。

其实不仅service这个类型有区别，不同的云平台所依赖组件的实现可能都不太相同，所以如果在云平台上安装和配置时，一定要参考相关的云平台的资料，张冠李戴可能带来安装不能正常进行的问题。例如ingress-nginx的安装文档，就分了不同的云平台和裸金属进行说明。

2、nginx-ingress vs ingress-nginx

NGINX Ingress controlle有两个实现工程，一个是nginx-ingress，由nginx团队开发，项目网站是https://github.com/nginxinc/kubernetes-ingress ，另一个是ingress-nginx，有K8S团队开发，项目网站是https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx 所以不要弄混了。两者的区别可以参考《Wait, Which NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes Am I Using?》。

这里之所以强调这个问题，是经过我的实践，1.22.1版本的K8S不能安装1.12.1版本的nginx-ingress，如果安装过程中会报错

首先在apply common/ingress-class时，就会报找不到IngressClass错误

[root@k8s01 deployments]# kubectl apply -f common/ingress-class.yaml
error: unable to recognize "common/ingress-class.yaml": no matches for kind "IngressClass" in version "networking.k8s.io/v1beta1"
[root@k8s01 deployments]#
[root@k8s01 deployments]# cat common/ingress-class.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
  name: nginx
  # annotations:
  #   ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
spec:
  controller: nginx.org/ingress-controller

即使将v1beta1 修改为 v1，再次apply虽然可以成功

[root@k8s01 deployments]# cat common/ingress-class.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1  # modify v1beta1 to v1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
  name: nginx
  # annotations:
  #   ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
spec:
  controller: nginx.org/ingress-controller
[root@k8s01 deployments]# kubectl apply -f common/ingress-class.yaml
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io/nginx created

但是部署nginx-ingress后，容器运行时会报同样的错误

[root@k8s01 deployments]# kubectl apply -f deployment/nginx-ingress.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-ingress created
[root@k8s01 deployments]# kubectl get pods --namespace=nginx-ingress
NAME                             READY   STATUS             RESTARTS      AGE
nginx-ingress-5cd5c7549d-6254f   0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   1 (10s ago)   61s
Kubectl logs -n <namespace> <podName> -c <containerName> --previous
[root@k8s01 deployments]# kubectl logs -n nginx-ingress  nginx-ingress-5cd5c7549d-w4tgq
I0915 23:02:23.864556       1 main.go:271] Starting NGINX Ingress controller Version=1.12.1 GitCommit=6f72db6030daa9afd567fd7faf9d5f   ffac9c7c8f Date=2021-09-08T13:39:53Z PlusFlag=false
W0915 23:02:23.885394       1 main.go:310] The '-use-ingress-class-only' flag will be deprecated and has no effect on versions of ku   bernetes >= 1.18.0. Processing ONLY resources that have the 'ingressClassName' field in Ingress equal to the class.
F0915 23:02:23.886499       1 main.go:314] Error when getting IngressClass nginx: the server could not find the requested resource
[root@k8s01 deployments]# kubectl logs -n nginx-ingress  nginx-ingress-5cd5c7549d-w4tgq --previous
I0915 23:02:23.864556       1 main.go:271] Starting NGINX Ingress controller Version=1.12.1 GitCommit=6f72db6030daa9afd567fd7faf9d5f   ffac9c7c8f Date=2021-09-08T13:39:53Z PlusFlag=false
W0915 23:02:23.885394       1 main.go:310] The '-use-ingress-class-only' flag will be deprecated and has no effect on versions of ku   bernetes >= 1.18.0. Processing ONLY resources that have the 'ingressClassName' field in Ingress equal to the class.
F0915 23:02:23.886499       1 main.go:314] Error when getting IngressClass nginx: the server could not find the requested resource

stackoverflow上有人发现同样的问题，原因可能在于最近K8S调整Ingress类型后，nginx的团队还没有做相应的修改，导致二者不能兼容。所以本案例使用K8S团队的Ingress-nginx实现。

3、NodePort vs LoadBalancer

有太多文章比较二者的区别了，这篇《Understanding Kubernetes LoadBalancer vs NodePort vs Ingress》比较详细，借用一下其的对比表

	NodePort	LoadBalancer	Ingress
Supported by core Kubernetes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Works on every platform Kubernetes will deploy	Yes	Only supports a few public clouds. MetalLB project allows use on-premises.	Yes
Direct access to service	Yes	Yes	No
Proxies each service through third party (NGINX, HAProxy, etc)	No	No	Yes
Multiple ports per service	No	Yes	Yes
Multiple services per IP	Yes	No	Yes
Allows use of standard service ports (80, 443, etc)	No	Yes	Yes
Have to track individual node IPs	Yes	No	Yes, when using NodePort; No, when using LoadBalancer

1 前置条件

每台ECS两个网络ip(可以都是私有ip)，这是MetalLB必须的要求。参考《Bare-metal considerations》，This pool of IPs must be dedicated to MetalLB's use, you can't reuse the Kubernetes node IPs or IPs handed out by a DHCP server.
安装好的K8S集群，并且没有其他的load balancers(例如云平台提供的 LoadBalancer)
可用的K8S命令行环境，因为需要使用kubectl命令
已经配置好的DHCP服务，可以分配IP，并指定网关

安装之前建议读一下Bare-metal considerations这个网页，链接https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/deploy/baremetal/ ，但是这篇网页的问题在于只描述了最后要达成效果，没有说明过程——这也是我为什么写本篇文章的原因，中文的类似文章太少了，而且不详细。

先说明安装配置后达的成目标，分别使用NodePort和LoadBalancer暴露deploy的端口，两者效果相同，然后安装MetalLB作为负载均衡作为一个统一的对外入口

NodePort

如图，每个node上都有一个NodePort的service，将同样的30100端口暴露给集群外部，客户端可以采用任一node的端口访问集群上的应用

LoadBalancer

如图，每个node上都有一个 LoadBalancer的service，将同样的端口暴露给集群外部，客户端可以采用任一node的端口访问集群上的应用

MetalLB

MetalLB使用统一的对外暴露ip和端口，图中是203.0.113.2，它收到外部请求后再转发给其他node，如果该ip所在的node 因为某种原因shutdown了，则MetalLB自动选择ip pool里其他的ip所在node，例如图中的203.0.113.1或者203.0.113.3作为替代，MetalLB会自动修改Ingress-Nginx service的外部ip。

2 安装配置步骤

[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl get node -A -o wide
NAME    STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION   INTERNAL-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE                KERNEL-VERSION                CONTAINER-RUNTIME
k8s01   Ready    control-plane,master   2d    v1.22.1   172.22.139.245   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64   docker://20.10.8
k8s02   Ready    worker                 2d    v1.22.1   172.22.139.243   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64   docker://20.10.8
k8s03   Ready    worker                 2d    v1.22.1   172.22.139.242   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64   docker://20.10.8
k8s04   Ready    worker                 2d    v1.22.1   172.22.139.244   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64   docker://20.10.8

4台服务器组成的K8S cluster已经准备好了，开始安装

2.1 安装 MetalLB

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metallb/metallb/v0.10.2/manifests/namespace.yaml
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metallb/metallb/v0.10.2/manifests/metallb.yaml
[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl get po -A
NAMESPACE        NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system      coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-gd4v5        1/1     Running   0          64m
kube-system      coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-pzc6f        1/1     Running   0          64m
kube-system      etcd-k8s01                      1/1     Running   2          64m
kube-system      kube-apiserver-k8s01            1/1     Running   2          64m
kube-system      kube-controller-manager-k8s01   1/1     Running   2          64m
kube-system      kube-flannel-ds-dgc8j           1/1     Running   0          59m
kube-system      kube-flannel-ds-f96s6           1/1     Running   0          58m
kube-system      kube-flannel-ds-mnb5w           1/1     Running   0          57m
kube-system      kube-flannel-ds-rdvn8           1/1     Running   0          57m
kube-system      kube-proxy-54mm9                1/1     Running   0          57m
kube-system      kube-proxy-7k4f7                1/1     Running   0          57m
kube-system      kube-proxy-bhjnr                1/1     Running   0          58m
kube-system      kube-proxy-bqk6g                1/1     Running   0          64m
kube-system      kube-scheduler-k8s01            1/1     Running   2          64m
metallb-system   controller-6b78bff7d9-b2rc4     1/1     Running   0          47s
metallb-system   speaker-7s4td                   1/1     Running   0          47s
metallb-system   speaker-8z8ps                   1/1     Running   0          47s
metallb-system   speaker-9kt2f                   1/1     Running   0          47s
metallb-system   speaker-t9zz4                   1/1     Running   0          47s

2.2 安装Ingress-Nginx

因为ingress-nginx的镜像从国内pull不到，为保证正确，老办法，还是从笔记本上通过代理pull后，在传到服务器上load，不知道这个方法请参考我另一篇公众号文章《国内区域阿里云ECS使用kubeadm安装kubernetes cluster成功实践》

docker pull k8s.gcr.io/ingress-nginx/controller:v1.0.0@sha256:0851b34f69f69352bf168e6ccf30e1e20714a264ab1ecd1933e4d8c0fc3215c6
docker load -i controller.v1.0.0.tar
docker load -i kube-webhook-certgen.v1.0.tar
docker tag ef43679c2cae k8s.gcr.io/ingress-nginx/controller:v1.0.0
docker tag 17e55ec30f20 k8s.gcr.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.0
docker images

将https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/controller-v1.0.0/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/deploy.yaml 这个文件下载下来，修改内容，去掉"sha256"后面的内容，与docker images显示的内容一致，然后保存为 k8s-ingress-nginx.yaml文件，该文件修改后的效果如下

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-serviceaccount.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
automountServiceAccountToken: true
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
data:
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/clusterrole.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
  name: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - endpoints
      - nodes
      - pods
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
  - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
    resources:
      - ingressclasses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/clusterrolebinding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
  name: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: ingress-nginx
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: ingress-nginx
    namespace: ingress-nginx
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-role.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - namespaces
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - pods
      - secrets
      - endpoints
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
    resources:
      - ingressclasses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - configmaps
    resourceNames:
      - ingress-controller-leader
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - configmaps
    verbs:
      - create
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-rolebinding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: ingress-nginx
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: ingress-nginx
    namespace: ingress-nginx
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-service-webhook.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx-controller-admission
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: https-webhook
      port: 443
      targetPort: webhook
      appProtocol: https
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: http
      appProtocol: http
    - name: https
      port: 443
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: https
      appProtocol: https
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: ingress-nginx-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  minReadySeconds: 0
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
    spec:
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
      containers:
        - name: controller
          image: k8s.gcr.io/ingress-nginx/controller:v1.0.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          lifecycle:
            preStop:
              exec:
                command:
                  - /wait-shutdown
          args:
            - /nginx-ingress-controller
            - --election-id=ingress-controller-leader
            - --controller-class=k8s.io/ingress-nginx
            - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx-controller
            - --validating-webhook=:8443
            - --validating-webhook-certificate=/usr/local/certificates/cert
            - --validating-webhook-key=/usr/local/certificates/key
          securityContext:
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            runAsUser: 101
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
            - name: LD_PRELOAD
              value: /usr/local/lib/libmimalloc.so
          livenessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 5
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 1
          readinessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 1
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
              protocol: TCP
            - name: https
              containerPort: 443
              protocol: TCP
            - name: webhook
              containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          volumeMounts:
            - name: webhook-cert
              mountPath: /usr/local/certificates/
              readOnly: true
          resources:
            requests:
              cpu: 100m
              memory: 90Mi
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
      volumes:
        - name: webhook-cert
          secret:
            secretName: ingress-nginx-admission
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-ingressclass.yaml
# We don't support namespaced ingressClass yet
# So a ClusterRole and a ClusterRoleBinding is required
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
  name: nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  controller: k8s.io/ingress-nginx
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/validating-webhook.yaml
# before changing this value, check the required kubernetes version
# https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/extensible-admission-controllers/#prerequisites
apiVersion: admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1
kind: ValidatingWebhookConfiguration
metadata:
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
webhooks:
  - name: validate.nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
    matchPolicy: Equivalent
    rules:
      - apiGroups:
          - networking.k8s.io
        apiVersions:
          - v1
        operations:
          - CREATE
          - UPDATE
        resources:
          - ingresses
    failurePolicy: Fail
    sideEffects: None
    admissionReviewVersions:
      - v1
    clientConfig:
      service:
        namespace: ingress-nginx
        name: ingress-nginx-controller-admission
        path: /networking/v1/ingresses
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/serviceaccount.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: pre-install,pre-upgrade,post-install,post-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/clusterrole.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: pre-install,pre-upgrade,post-install,post-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - admissionregistration.k8s.io
    resources:
      - validatingwebhookconfigurations
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/clusterrolebinding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: pre-install,pre-upgrade,post-install,post-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: ingress-nginx-admission
    namespace: ingress-nginx
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/role.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: pre-install,pre-upgrade,post-install,post-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ''
    resources:
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - get
      - create
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/rolebinding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: pre-install,pre-upgrade,post-install,post-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: ingress-nginx-admission
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: ingress-nginx-admission
    namespace: ingress-nginx
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/job-createSecret.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission-create
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: pre-install,pre-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      name: ingress-nginx-admission-create
      labels:
        helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
        app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
        app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: create
          image: k8s.gcr.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          args:
            - create
            - --host=ingress-nginx-controller-admission,ingress-nginx-controller-admission.$(POD_NAMESPACE).svc
            - --namespace=$(POD_NAMESPACE)
            - --secret-name=ingress-nginx-admission
          env:
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
      restartPolicy: OnFailure
      serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx-admission
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      securityContext:
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 2000
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/admission-webhooks/job-patch/job-patchWebhook.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx-admission-patch
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: post-install,post-upgrade
    helm.sh/hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation,hook-succeeded
  labels:
    helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      name: ingress-nginx-admission-patch
      labels:
        helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-4.0.1
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.0.0
        app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
        app.kubernetes.io/component: admission-webhook
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: patch
          image: k8s.gcr.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v1.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          args:
            - patch
            - --webhook-name=ingress-nginx-admission
            - --namespace=$(POD_NAMESPACE)
            - --patch-mutating=false
            - --secret-name=ingress-nginx-admission
            - --patch-failure-policy=Fail
          env:
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
      restartPolicy: OnFailure
      serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx-admission
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      securityContext:
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 2000

最后apply该文件

kubectl apply -f k8s-ingress-nginx.yaml
#成功后检查一下效果
[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl exec -it ingress-nginx-controller-5ccb4b77c6-fdmbt -n ingress-nginx -- nginx-ingress-controller --version
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NGINX Ingress controller
  Release:       v1.0.0
  Build:         041eb167c7bfccb1d1653f194924b0c5fd885e10
  Repository:    https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx
  nginx version: nginx/1.20.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl get po,svc -A
NAMESPACE        NAME                                            READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx    pod/ingress-nginx-admission-create--1-t582c     0/1     Completed   0          10m
ingress-nginx    pod/ingress-nginx-admission-patch--1-5czbj      0/1     Completed   1          10m
ingress-nginx    pod/ingress-nginx-controller-5ccb4b77c6-fdmbt   1/1     Running     0          10m
kube-system      pod/coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-gd4v5                    1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-pzc6f                    1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/etcd-k8s01                                  1/1     Running     2          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-apiserver-k8s01                        1/1     Running     2          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-controller-manager-k8s01               1/1     Running     2          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-dgc8j                       1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-f96s6                       1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-mnb5w                       1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-rdvn8                       1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-54mm9                            1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-7k4f7                            1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-bhjnr                            1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-bqk6g                            1/1     Running     0          19h
kube-system      pod/kube-scheduler-k8s01                        1/1     Running     2          19h
metallb-system   pod/controller-6b78bff7d9-b2rc4                 1/1     Running     0          18h
metallb-system   pod/speaker-7s4td                               1/1     Running     0          18h
metallb-system   pod/speaker-8z8ps                               1/1     Running     0          18h
metallb-system   pod/speaker-9kt2f                               1/1     Running     0          18h
metallb-system   pod/speaker-t9zz4                               1/1     Running     0          18h
NAMESPACE       NAME                                         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                      AGE
default         service/kubernetes                           ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP                      19h
ingress-nginx   service/ingress-nginx-controller             NodePort    10.101.251.10   <none>        80:32013/TCP,443:30887/TCP   10m
ingress-nginx   service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission   ClusterIP   10.104.30.0     <none>        443/TCP                      10m
kube-system     service/kube-dns                             ClusterIP   10.96.0.10      <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP       19h
[root@k8s01 ~]#

以上为执行成功后的效果，注意service/ingress-nginx-controller 的EXTERNAL-IP显示为<none>，这是正常的效果

截至此步骤Ingress-nginx安装完成

2.3 部署应用并通过NodePort暴露端口

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: helloworld
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app: helloworld
spec:
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app: helloworld
  type: NodePort
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: helloworld
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app: helloworld
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: helloworld
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: helloworld
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: helloworld
        image: hello-world-rest-json:v1.0
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
#以上为yaml文件内容，apply该文件后效果如下
[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx describe service/helloworld
Name:                     helloworld
Namespace:                ingress-nginx
Labels:                   app=helloworld
Annotations:              <none>
Selector:                 app=helloworld
Type:                     NodePort
IP Family Policy:         SingleStack
IP Families:              IPv4
IP:                       10.98.169.177
IPs:                      10.98.169.177
Port:                     http  8080/TCP
TargetPort:               8080/TCP
NodePort:                 http  30639/TCP
Endpoints:                10.244.2.9:8080,10.244.3.18:8080,10.244.3.19:8080
Session Affinity:         None
External Traffic Policy:  Cluster
Events:                   <none>

测试一下效果

[root@k8s01 ~]# curl -I http://k8s01:30639
HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 24
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 20:12:08 GMT
[root@k8s01 ~]# curl -I http://k8s02:30639
HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 24
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 20:12:13 GMT
[root@k8s01 ~]# curl -I http://k8s03:30639
HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 24
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 20:12:17 GMT
[root@k8s01 ~]# curl -I http://k8s04:30639
HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 24
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 20:12:22 GMT

2.4 通过LoadBalancer暴露端口

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: helloworld-lb
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app: helloworld
spec:
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8081
    targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app: helloworld
  type: LoadBalancer
#以上为yaml文件内容，apply该文件后的效果如下
[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx describe service/helloworld-lb
Name:                     helloworld-lb
Namespace:                ingress-nginx
Labels:                   app=helloworld
Annotations:              <none>
Selector:                 app=helloworld
Type:                     LoadBalancer
IP Family Policy:         SingleStack
IP Families:              IPv4
IP:                       10.96.63.182
IPs:                      10.96.63.182
Port:                     http  8081/TCP
TargetPort:               8080/TCP
NodePort:                 http  30347/TCP
Endpoints:                10.244.2.9:8080,10.244.3.18:8080,10.244.3.19:8080
Session Affinity:         None
External Traffic Policy:  Cluster
Events:                   <none>
#测试其中2个node的结果
[root@k8s01 ~]# curl -I http://k8s01:30347
HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 24
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 20:27:16 GMT
[root@k8s01 ~]# curl -I http://k8s04:30347
HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 24
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 20:27:39 GMT

2.5 产生 MetalLB负载，对外只暴露一个IP

以上工作完成后，还有一个遗漏问题，就是需要配置一个负载均衡，向外只暴露一个ip和端口，免得外部客户端访问时只能访问固定的服务ip，导致单点故障。

现在我们使用MetalLB来配置这个负载均衡，但配置之前我们需要一个IP池，这个ip池的ip属于node ip相同的网段，但是与node已经使用的ip不同，所以我使用阿里云的弹性网卡申请新的ip，并绑定到实例上。

2.5.1 申请阿里云弹性网卡并绑定ECS

本来我应该为每个ECS都申请一个弹性网卡的ip，并绑定到每个ECS上，然后用每个ECS上的弹性网卡IP组成ip池，再配置到MetalLB的mlb.yaml文件中。但是为了减少费用，也减少配置麻烦，本案例中我只申请一个弹性网卡的ip，绑定到上步骤LoadBalancer所在node的ECS上。

(1)选择“弹性网卡”页面，点击“创建弹性网卡”。

(2)在弹出的对话框中输入，除了“主私网IP”，其它都可以选择，与当前其它ECS保持一致。

找一个与其他ECS处于同一个网段，但是还没有被分配的ip，要了解其它ECS的ip和mask可以通过 ip address show 命名

(3)查看现在LoadBalancer所在node的ECS是哪个

[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx  describe  service/helloworld-lb
Name:                     helloworld-lb
Namespace:                ingress-nginx
Labels:                   app=helloworld
Annotations:              <none>
Selector:                 app=helloworld
Type:                     LoadBalancer
IP Family Policy:         SingleStack
IP Families:              IPv4
IP:                       10.96.38.34
IPs:                      10.96.38.34
LoadBalancer Ingress:     172.22.139.241
Port:                     http  8081/TCP
TargetPort:               8080/TCP
NodePort:                 http  32684/TCP
Endpoints:                10.244.2.9:8080,10.244.3.18:8080,10.244.3.19:8080
Session Affinity:         None
External Traffic Policy:  Cluster
Events:
  Type    Reason        Age                       From             Message
  ----    ------        ----                      ----             -------
  Normal  nodeAssigned  2m30s (x3062 over 4h17m)  metallb-speaker  announcing from node "k8s03"

如图，被分配到K8S03这台ECS上

(4)绑定ECS

在新创建的弹性网卡上点击“绑定实例”

在弹出的对话框中选择K8S03，点击确定

(5)重启ECS上network服务

根据阿里云弹性网卡的官方文档，以上操作不会在ECS上自动生效，需要到ECS上重启network服务。

登录ECS,先查看一下现在网络接口的状态

[root@k8s03 ~]# ip address show


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:01:54:e6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.22.139.242/20 brd 172.22.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 315027811sec preferred_lft 315027811sec
    inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe01:54e6/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
    link/ether 02:42:1e:da:da:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
    link/ether ee:cf:11:bc:a7:3f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.244.2.0/32 brd 10.244.2.0 scope global flannel.1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::eccf:11ff:febc:a73f/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: cni0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 8e:bd:5e:30:41:f8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.244.2.1/24 brd 10.244.2.255 scope global cni0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::8cbd:5eff:fe30:41f8/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13: vethd9cb73ff@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default
    link/ether 72:7c:f0:62:57:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1
    inet6 fe80::707c:f0ff:fe62:5781/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
14: veth24f8bcc2@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default
    link/ether 86:da:f3:4a:b9:ea brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet6 fe80::84da:f3ff:fe4a:b9ea/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
15: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:01:4f:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@k8s03 ~]#

根据官方文档的说明，一般eth0是现在正在使用网卡，而eth1是刚申请但还没有生效的网卡

检查一下eth1的配置信息

[root@k8s03 multi-nic-util-0.6]# cat etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
USERCTL=yes
PEERDNS=no
IPV6INIT=no
PERSISTENT_DHCLIENT=yes
HWADDR=00:16:3e:01:4f:03
DEFROUTE=no

重启network并再次查看eth1的状态

[root@k8s03 multi-nic-util-0.6]# systemctl restart network
[root@k8s03 multi-nic-util-0.6]#
[root@k8s03 multi-nic-util-0.6]# ip address show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:01:54:e6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.22.139.242/20 brd 172.22.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 315359942sec preferred_lft 315359942sec
    inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe01:54e6/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
    link/ether 02:42:1e:da:da:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
    link/ether ee:cf:11:bc:a7:3f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.244.2.0/32 brd 10.244.2.0 scope global flannel.1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::eccf:11ff:febc:a73f/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: cni0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 8e:bd:5e:30:41:f8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.244.2.1/24 brd 10.244.2.255 scope global cni0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::8cbd:5eff:fe30:41f8/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13: vethd9cb73ff@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default
    link/ether 72:7c:f0:62:57:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1
    inet6 fe80::707c:f0ff:fe62:5781/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
14: veth24f8bcc2@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default
    link/ether 86:da:f3:4a:b9:ea brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet6 fe80::84da:f3ff:fe4a:b9ea/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
15: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:01:4f:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.22.139.241/20 brd 172.22.143.255 scope global dynamic eth1
       valid_lft 315359943sec preferred_lft 315359943sec
    inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe01:4f03/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

如图，弹性网卡已经绑定成功

2.5.2 应用configMap

将上一步的弹性网卡ip和mask写入mlb.yaml文件，以下为mlb.yaml文件的内容

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  namespace: metallb-system
  name: config
data:
  config: |
    address-pools:
    - name: default
      protocol: layer2
      addresses:
      - 172.22.139.241/20

应用mlb.yaml文件

[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl get po,svc,configmap -A
NAMESPACE        NAME                                            READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx    pod/helloworld-69fbd9b4b5-2v5l4                 1/1     Running     0          2d8h
ingress-nginx    pod/helloworld-69fbd9b4b5-qb4jh                 1/1     Running     0          2d8h
ingress-nginx    pod/helloworld-69fbd9b4b5-xhfvl                 1/1     Running     0          2d8h
ingress-nginx    pod/ingress-nginx-admission-create--1-t582c     0/1     Completed   0          2d22h
ingress-nginx    pod/ingress-nginx-admission-patch--1-5czbj      0/1     Completed   1          2d22h
ingress-nginx    pod/ingress-nginx-controller-5ccb4b77c6-fdmbt   1/1     Running     0          2d22h
kube-system      pod/coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-gd4v5                    1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/coredns-7f6cbbb7b8-pzc6f                    1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/etcd-k8s01                                  1/1     Running     2          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-apiserver-k8s01                        1/1     Running     2          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-controller-manager-k8s01               1/1     Running     2          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-dgc8j                       1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-f96s6                       1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-mnb5w                       1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-flannel-ds-rdvn8                       1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-54mm9                            1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-7k4f7                            1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-bhjnr                            1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-proxy-bqk6g                            1/1     Running     0          3d17h
kube-system      pod/kube-scheduler-k8s01                        1/1     Running     2          3d17h
metallb-system   pod/controller-6b78bff7d9-mqv9k                 1/1     Running     0          145m
metallb-system   pod/speaker-79bq5                               1/1     Running     0          145m
metallb-system   pod/speaker-99fdz                               1/1     Running     0          145m
metallb-system   pod/speaker-h42vn                               1/1     Running     0          145m
metallb-system   pod/speaker-rmjxr                               1/1     Running     0          145m




NAMESPACE       NAME                                         TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP      PORT(S)                      AGE
default         service/kubernetes                           ClusterIP      10.96.0.1       <none>           443/TCP                      3d17h
ingress-nginx   service/helloworld                           NodePort       10.98.169.177   <none>           8080:30639/TCP               2d8h
ingress-nginx   service/helloworld-lb                        LoadBalancer   10.96.38.34     172.22.139.241   8081:32684/TCP               144m
ingress-nginx   service/ingress-nginx-controller             NodePort       10.101.251.10   <none>           80:32013/TCP,443:30887/TCP   2d22h
ingress-nginx   service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission   ClusterIP      10.104.30.0     <none>           443/TCP                      2d22h
kube-system     service/kube-dns                             ClusterIP      10.96.0.10      <none>           53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP       3d17h




NAMESPACE         NAME                                           DATA   AGE
default           configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      3d17h
ingress-nginx     configmap/ingress-controller-leader            0      2d22h
ingress-nginx     configmap/ingress-nginx-controller             0      2d22h
ingress-nginx     configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      2d22h
kube-node-lease   configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      3d17h
kube-public       configmap/cluster-info                         1      3d17h
kube-public       configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/coredns                              1      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/extension-apiserver-authentication   6      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/kube-flannel-cfg                     2      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/kube-proxy                           2      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/kubeadm-config                       1      3d17h
kube-system       configmap/kubelet-config-1.22                  1      3d17h
metallb-system    configmap/config                               1      143m
metallb-system    configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      149m
nginx-ingress     configmap/kube-root-ca.crt                     1      3d16h
nginx-ingress     configmap/nginx-config                         0      3d16h
[root@k8s01 ~]#

注意helloworld-lb的EXTERNAL-IP的变化，说明MetalLB的负载均衡发挥作用了，但是我们还是测试一下

[root@k8s01 ~]# curl http://172.22.139.241:8081
{"message":"HelloWorld"}[root@k8s01 ~]#
[root@k8s01 ~]#
[root@k8s01 ~]# curl http://172.22.139.241:32684


^C

测试172.22.139.241:8081成功，说明可以访问到服务，但是172.22.139.241:32684不通，这属于正常状况，因为MetalLB使用的IP池中地址。

关于MetalLB的工作原理，可以参考一下《METALLB IN LAYER 2 MODE》和《USAGE》，这些文章我觉得都值得详细了解，那就作为下一篇公众号文章的内容吧

3 FAQ

3.1 删除MetalLB的方法

如果要删除MetalLB，按照如下步骤

kubectl delete -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metallb/metallb/v0.10.2/manifests/namespace.yaml


kubectl delete -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metallb/metallb/v0.10.2/manifests/metallb.yaml

如果要重新安装负载，先删除LoadBalancer再重新安装MetalLB，应用LoadBalancer就可以了

[root@k8s01 ~]# kubectl delete -f helloworld-lb.yaml
service "helloworld-lb" deleted

本文参考

《Kubernetes Metal LB for On-Prem / BareMetal Cluster in 10 minutes》

《Setup an NGINX Ingress Controller on Kubernetes》

《Install and configure MetalLB as a load balancer for Kubernetes》

数据库

文章转载自零壹陋室，如果涉嫌侵权，请发送邮件至：contact@modb.pro进行举报，并提供相关证据，一经查实，墨天轮将立刻删除相关内容。

非云K8S集群安装配置Ingress Controller和MetalLB负载均衡

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