M AC环境

amazingweiwei 2021-07-12

934

一、MAC应用安装

1、常用软件地址

https://www.macwk.com

2、常见问题

https://stackoverflow.com

3、HomeBrew

 mac安装brew方式
 /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"
、、、
电脑系统版本：11.3
All user-space services OK, nothing cleaned...


  ==> brew update-reset
  
==> Fetching usr/local/Homebrew...


==> Resetting usr/local/Homebrew...
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.


==> Fetching usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask...


==> Resetting usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask...
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.


==> Fetching usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core...


==> Resetting usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core...
Updating files: 100% (5721/5721), done.
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.


==> Fetching usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-services...


==> Resetting usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-services...
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.




        Brew自动安装程序运行完成
          国内地址已经配置完成


  桌面的Old_Homebrew文件夹，大致看看没有你需要的可以删除。


              初步介绍几个brew命令
本地软件库列表：brew ls
查找软件：brew search google（其中google替换为要查找的关键字）
查看brew版本：brew -v  更新brew版本：brew update
安装cask软件：brew install --cask firefox 把firefox换成你要安装的
        
        欢迎右键点击下方地址-打开URL 来给点个赞
         https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/111014448 


 重启终端 或者 运行 source Users/erwei.zheng/.zprofile   否则可能无法使用


、、、

4、docker

官方下载地址：https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/
Mac OS系统如何通过Docker安装Oracle11g

Mac OS 系统如何通过docker安装Oracle11g


一、下载并安装docker
https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/


二、通过Docker来安装Oracle11g
1、Docker是一个容器，在容器内部存在很多的镜像文件，通过具体的镜像文件可以运行具体的容器。要想在Docker中安装Oracle镜像，我们首先应该在Docker的远程仓库中进行搜索，因为Docker没有自带Oracle相关镜像，命令如下：
sudo docker search docker-oracle-xe-11g


、、、
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo docker search docker-oracle-xe-11g
NAME                                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g                                                       40                   [OK]
epiclabs/docker-oracle-xe-11g        Customized Oracle XE 11g build for CI and de…   20                   [OK]
pengbai/docker-oracle-xe-11g-r2      oracle xe 11g r2 with sql initdb and web con…   10                   [OK]
arahman/docker-oracle-xe-11g         phusion/baseimage based spin off of alexei-l…   9                    [OK]
konnecteam/docker-oracle-xe-11g      Fork of https://github.com/wnameless/docker-…   3                    [OK]
rafaelri/docker-oracle-xe-11g        Fork from wnameless/docker-oracle-xe-11g        3                    [OK]
ignatov/docker-oracle-xe-11g         Dockerfile of Oracle Database Express Editio…   3                    [OK]
gswteam/docker-oracle-xe-11g         Oracle XE 11g                                   0                    [OK]
jeromefromcn/docker-oracle-xe-11g    docker-oracle-xe-11g                            0                    [OK]
nguoianphu/docker-oracle-xe-11g      Oracle Express Edition 11g Release 2 on Ubun…   0                    [OK]
lynxsolutions/docker-oracle-xe-11g   docker-oracle-xe-11g                            0                    [OK]
zzzfree/docker-oracle-xe-11g         docker-oracle-xe-11g                            0                    [OK]
deadok22/docker-oracle-xe-11g        docker-oracle-xe-11g                            0                    
rdehuyss/docker-oracle-xe-11g        Oracle Express 11g R2 on Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS     0                    [OK]
dbanttari/docker-oracle-xe-11g       Branch of wnameless/docker-oracle-xe-11g tha…   0                    [OK]
xtechnologies/docker-oracle-xe-11g   docker-oracle-xe-11g                            0                    [OK]
bizybot/docker-oracle-xe-11g         wnameless/docker-oracle-xe-11g                  0                    [OK]
cheyu0325/docker-oracle-xe-11g       docker-oracle-xe-11g                            0                    
kikicarbonell/docker-oracle-xe-11g   Docker image of Oracle Database Express Edit…   0                    [OK]
ceagan/docker-oracle-xe-11g          Modified version of wnameless/docker-oracle-…   0                    [OK]
zigac/docker-oracle-xe-11g           Oracle xe 11g                                   0                    [OK]
dockerbolcom/docker-oracle-xe-11g    Fork of https://github.com/wnameless/docker-…   0                    [OK]
demers/docker-oracle-xe-11g-spark    Oracle XE 11g with Spark                        0                    
gmartsenkov/docker-oracle-xe-11g     oracle                                          0                    [OK]
demers/docker-oracle-xe-11g          Docker Oracle 11g XE with Java 13 and Python…   0                    
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo docker search docker-oracle-19c


、、、


2、选择第一个STAR最多的镜像进行安装，拉取镜像命令如下：
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo docker pull deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g


、、、
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo docker pull deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g
Image docker.io/deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g:latest uses outdated schema1 manifest format. Please upgrade to a schema2 image for better future compatibility. More information at https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/deprecated-schema-v1/
a3ed95caeb02: Pulling fs layer 
9cf7e98c567b: Pulling fs layer 
d2ff49536f4d: Pulling fs layer 
f94adccdbb9c: Waiting 
ee950bf8af06: Waiting 
eec0023b823a: Waiting 
2bbcf2933a57: Pull complete 
1d639c2160a1: Pull complete 
2631aa3055c3: Pull complete 
d859f4b0261f: Pull complete 
344fe8edcc0a: Pull complete 
48fec8d59976: Pull complete 
c9c81ef7960f: Pull complete 
7e928eb7228a: Pull complete 
56e977b47ad6: Pull complete 
5c896b34601c: Pull complete 
bcab6dcbd345: Pull complete 
42e031cc37c0: Pull complete 
fd6c6b47d0ba: Pull complete 
546a383ffbe3: Pull complete 
5acead7005d0: Pull complete 
206b7448a401: Pull complete 
bdf584565438: Pull complete 
4ce7a34d8c4b: Pull complete 
8702b3ee1143: Pull complete 
777d696e58cd: Pull complete 
8271d90e318b: Pull complete 
c0e2d1590154: Pull complete 
aeb67e38d18e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:30c9b1f61397bbca016c25b21c4c2e5399af225306e41272874411ae2bd741d3
Status: Downloaded newer image for deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g:latest
docker.io/deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g:latest
、、、


3、待镜像下载完毕之后，我们需要将该镜像转成容器并使用该容器，命令如下：
sudo docker run -d -p 1521:1521 --name oracle11g deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g


、、、
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo docker run -d -p 1521:1521 --name oracle11g deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g
Password:
2b6e39d1b126ddbf42f9ddd14c6510ad2dfcb50082fe0fb7954e566a32a3443c
、、、


值得注意的就是将容器内部的1521端口映射到宿主机中的1521端口，这样一来就能在宿主机中通过Navicat等数据库可视化管理工具进行连接了。在这步完成之后，我们需要进到荣日内部对已经安装的Oracle进行简单配置


4、在Oracle容器中简单配置你的Oracle数据库并通过Navicat进行连接
进入容器内部的命令如下：
1>查询容器ID --2b6e39d1b126
docker ps
、、、
bogon:~ erwei.zheng$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                            COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                                                         NAMES
2b6e39d1b126   deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g   "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …"   4 hours ago   Up 4 hours   22/tcp, 8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1521->1521/tcp, :::1521->1521/tcp   oracle11g
、、、
2>进入容器
sudo docker exec -it 你的容器ID(可通过docker ps 命令获得) bin/bash


、、、
bogon:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo docker exec -it 2b6e39d1b126 bin/bash
Password:
root@2b6e39d1b126:/# 


、、、
3>通过sqlplus进入Oracle
sqlplus system/oracle


、、、
root@2b6e39d1b126:/# sqlplus system/oracle


SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Jul 4 09:39:02 2021


Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


ERROR:
ORA-28002: the password will expire within 7 days






Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production


SQL> 
、、、
依次进行如下操作：
查看数据库用户名和密码：


select username, password from dba_users;


、、、
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production


SQL> select username, password from dba_users;


USERNAME           PASSWORD
------------------------------ ------------------------------
SYS
GCS
ANONYMOUS
AUTOTEST
SYSTEM
APEX_PUBLIC_USER
APEX_040000
XS$NULL
OUTLN
XDB
CTXSYS


USERNAME           PASSWORD
------------------------------ ------------------------------
MDSYS
FLOWS_FILES
HR


14 rows selected.


可以使用已经存在的用户名和密码来登陆数据库，推荐使用新创建的用户来进行数据库的登陆，sql如下：
create user 用户名 identified by 密码;


、、、
SQL> create user gcs identified by gcs;


User created.
、、、


创建完后，可以通过如下sql进行验证：
select * form all_users;


对新创建的用户进行授权，sql如下：
grant connect, resource to GCSHS; -- 这里需要将用户名大写，否则授权不成功
-- connect表示具有连接数据库的权限；resource表示具有操作数据库的权限；


、、、
SQL> grant connect, resource to GCSHS;


Grant succeeded.
、、、


至此，所有需要配置的数据库配置都已经配置完毕，可以通过Navicat进行连接了，


navicat创建连接注意事项：


connection name: 随便
connection type: basic
host:localhost 或 127.0.0.1
port:1521 -- 端口为docker内部Oracle容器映射到宿主机的端口，上述命令有将1521端口映射到宿主机的1521端口
service name:XE
role:default
username:gcs
password:gcs


配置完后，可进行连接测试；


参考连接：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36314960/article/details/100111935?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522162532422716780366582422%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334..%2522%257D&request_id=162532422716780366582422&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~sobaiduend~default-1-100111935.first_rank_v2_pc_rank_v29&utm_term=mac%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85oracle%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187


问题：
重启docker或者重启电脑后，使用docker ps命令看重启前的oracle容器ID：
使用命令查看被stop的容器id：
docker ps -a


、、、
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                            COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS                        PORTS                                                         NAMES
2b6e39d1b126   deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g   "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …"   5 hours ago   Exited (255) 12 minutes ago   22/tcp, 8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1521->1521/tcp, :::1521->1521/tcp   oracle11g
、、、


重启被stop的容器id:
Docker start id(通过docker ps -a 查看停止运行的容器id)
或者
docker restart id


、、、
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                            COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS                            PORTS     NAMES
2b6e39d1b126   deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g   "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …"   5 hours ago   Exited (137) About a minute ago             oracle11g
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ docker restart 2b6e39d1b126
2b6e39d1b126
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                            COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS         PORTS                                                         NAMES
2b6e39d1b126   deepdiver/docker-oracle-xe-11g   "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …"   5 hours ago   Up 6 seconds   22/tcp, 8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1521->1521/tcp, :::1521->1521/tcp   oracle11g
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ 
、、、

4、.bash_profile 环境变量

Mac使用HomeBrew安装python3.*并设置为默认版本

Mac使用HomeBrew安装python3.*并设置为默认版本
一、安装
1、查看Mac自带的python版本
python
2、查看python3的安装包
brew search python3
3、安装python3
brew install python3


==> Caveats
Python has been installed as
  usr/local/bin/python3


Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into
  usr/local/opt/python@3.9/libexec/bin


You can install Python packages with
  pip3 install <package>
They will install into the site-package directory
  usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages


tkinter is no longer included with this formula, but it is available separately:
  brew install python-tk@3.9


See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python
==> Summary
🍺  usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6: 3,078 files, 54.6MB
==> Caveats
==> python@3.9
Python has been installed as
  usr/local/bin/python3


Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into
  usr/local/opt/python@3.9/libexec/bin


# 可以看到python3的世界安装目录是/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6


# 配置python的外部环境变量
1、打开配置文件并写入python外部环境变量
open ～/.bash_profile
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6/bin
2、重命名python
alias python="/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6/bin/python3.9"
3、让配置文件生效
source ~/.bash_profile
4、使用python命令查看
python

mac pro 环境变量的配置（当不存在 .bash_profile 文件的时候）

mac pro 环境变量的配置 （当不存在 .bash_profile 文件的时候）


1、启动终端terminal
2、进入当前用户的home目录（/user/erwei.zheng）
输入 cd ~


、、、
# 查看home目录下的所有文件和文件夹
localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ ls -a 
、、、
3、创建.bash_profile文件
输入 touch .bash_profile
4、编辑 .bash_profile文件,打开后编辑文件，配置环境变量
输入 open -e .bash_profile


5、保存文件，关闭 .bash_profile
Command + s 保存
6、更新刚配置的环境变量
输入 source .bash_profile
7、验证配置是否成功
输入python


、、、


# 以python3为例，配置环境变量
# python3的安装目录是/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6


# 配置python的外部环境变量
1、打开配置文件并写入python外部环境变量
open ～/.bash_profile
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6/bin
2、重命名python
alias python="/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.6/bin/python3.9"
3、让配置文件生效
source ~/.bash_profile
4、使用python命令查看
python
、、、

5、cx_Oracle

pip安装：sudo pip3 install cx_Oracle

localhost:~ erwei.zheng$ sudo pip3 install cx_Oracle


Password:


WARNING: The directory '/Users/erwei.zheng/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should use sudo's -H flag.


Collecting cx_Oracle


 Downloading cx_Oracle-8.2.1.tar.gz (359 kB)


   |████████████████████████████████| 359 kB 29 kB/s 


 Installing build dependencies ... done


 Getting requirements to build wheel ... done


  Preparing wheel metadata ... done


Building wheels for collected packages: cx-Oracle


 Building wheel for cx-Oracle (PEP 517) ... done


 Created wheel for cx-Oracle: filename=cx_Oracle-8.2.1-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_x86_64.whl size=185941 sha256=000cf3f949a48c1680ab91ea7af700e8422275d80fc3c86caa60de0d8bc7013d


 Stored in directory: /private/tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-rkoifbul/wheels/0c/ad/1b/d206b2ada8e1381a02024ef67608cf919b5cd025cc24f38faa


Successfully built cx-Oracle


Installing collected packages: cx-Oracle


Successfully installed cx-Oracle-8.2.1


WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv


localhost:~ erwei.zheng$

问题：cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit OracleClientlibrary: "dlopen(/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2/lib/libclntsh.dylib, 1): image not found".

MacOS cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: 解决方案


问题：
cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "dlopen(/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2/lib/libclntsh.dylib, 1): image not found". 


https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/installation.html
、、、
instantclient-basic-macos.x64-19.8.0.0.0dbru.zip 客户端软件对应的Oracle数据库版本：
参考官网：https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/installation.html


Version 21 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 12.1 or greater. Version 19, 18 and 12.2 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 11.2 or greater. Version 12.1 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 10.2 or greater. Version 11.2 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 9.2 or greater.
、、、


、、、
客户端软件下载地址：
https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/installation.html
、、、


准备工作：
下载 instant client 客户端，客户端与oracle数据库版本对照关系见上面网站


开始设置：
1、创建文件夹，并将压缩包解压到这个文件夹下
mkdir -p /opt/oracle
— 将客户端文件拷贝到 /opt/oracle目录下
cp instantclient-basic-macos.x64-19.8.0.0.0dbru.zip /opt/oracle


—- cd当前路径到 /opt/oracle/下
— 解压客户端压缩包到当前目录
Unzip instantclient-basic-macos.x64-19.8.0.0.0dbru.zip


2、创建超链接，以使应用程序能够找到该库
mkdir ~/lib
sudo unzip instantclient-basic-macos.x64-19.8.0.0.0dbru.zip




3、将instan client 路径添加到环境变量中
open -e .bash_profile


4、保存文件后，更新刚配置的环境变量
source .bash_profile

pycharm2019.3 python报错：ModuleNotFoundError- No module named 'cx_Oracle'.rtf

pycharm2019.3 python报错：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cx_Oracle'
Pycharm 设置问题，更新配置即可
步骤：file-setting-project:xxx，如下：选择add
选择system interpreter ，后目录会自动更新到你python安装目录下的解释器python.exe。点击确定即可。

数据库

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M AC环境

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