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Oracle 12c RMAN recovery table

原创 曾水保 2022-03-18
723

在12C中,利用RMAN可以恢复特定时间点的表或者表分区,在恢复过程中,RMAN会自动创建一个实例,然后通过调用数据泵进程导出导入实现。

之前做过pdb里面表的恢复,但是由于此过程需要创建一个新实例(RMAN自动创建),如果是PDB的话需要的空间太大(涉及到的表空间太多),导致恢复过程出错,后来直接在CDB级别做recovery table。具体如下:

1、创建测试用户和表,并初始化数据

[oracle@ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 25 17:49:58 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 417546240 bytes Fixed Size 2289064 bytes Variable Size 339739224 bytes Database Buffers 71303168 bytes Redo Buffers 4214784 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> SQL> SQL> show user; USER is "SYS" SQL> create user c##testuser identified by oracle; User created. SQL> alter user c##testuser account unlock; User altered. SQL> grant dba to c##testuser; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn c##testuser/oracle Connected. SQL> show user; USER is "c##testuser" SQL> create table obj as select * from dba_objects; Table created. SQL> select count(*) from obj; COUNT(*) ---------- 90808

2、使用RMAN备份SYSTEM、SYSAUX、UNDOTBS1、users表空间

[oracle@ora12c ~]$ rman target sys/oracle Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 25 17:55:53 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL12C (DBID=649692732) RMAN> select ts#,name from v$tablespace; using target database control file instead of recovery catalog TS# NAME ---------- ------------------------------ 0 SYSTEM 1 SYSAUX 2 UNDOTBS1 4 USERS 3 TEMP 0 SYSTEM 1 SYSAUX 2 TEMP 0 SYSTEM 1 SYSAUX 2 TEMP 3 USERS 4 EXAMPLE 13 rows selected RMAN> backup tablespace SYSTEM; Starting backup at 25-JUL-13 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/12c/oradata/orcl12c/system01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175701_8z1xmflf_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T175701 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05 Finished backup at 25-JUL-13 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/autobackup/2013_07_25/o1_mf_s_821728687_8z1xokfh_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 RMAN> backup tablespace SYSAUX; Starting backup at 25-JUL-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/12c/oradata/orcl12c/sysaux01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175827_8z1xp3fj_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T175827 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55 Finished backup at 25-JUL-13 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/autobackup/2013_07_25/o1_mf_s_821728762_8z1xqwgs_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 RMAN> backup tablespace UNDOTBS1; Starting backup at 25-JUL-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/12c/oradata/orcl12c/undotbs01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175948_8z1xrnfl_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T175948 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished backup at 25-JUL-13 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/autobackup/2013_07_25/o1_mf_s_821728791_8z1xrsdz_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 RMAN> backup tablespace users; Starting backup at 25-JUL-13 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00006 name=/oracle/12c/oradata/orcl12c/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T180013_8z1xsg2q_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T180013 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished backup at 25-JUL-13 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/autobackup/2013_07_25/o1_mf_s_821728817_8z1xsllx_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-13 RMAN> exit Recovery Manager complete.

3、drop测试表,并记下drop之前的SCN号

[oracle@ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 25 18:00:42 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> conn c##testuser/oracle Connected. SQL> select count(*) from obj; COUNT(*) ---------- 90808 SQL> select current_scn from v$database; CURRENT_SCN ----------- 2076314 SQL> / CURRENT_SCN ----------- 2076316 SQL> drop table obj; Table dropped. SQL> purge recyclebin; Recyclebin purged.

4、使用RMAN RECOVER TABLE,目录在/tmp下,表重命名为n_obj

[oracle@ora12c ~]$ rman target sys/oracle Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 25 18:02:12 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL12C (DBID=649692732) RMAN> RECOVER TABLE 'c##testuser'.'OBJ' UNTIL SCN 2076316 AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/tmp' REMAP TABLE 'c##testuser'.'OBJ':'N_OBJ'; Starting recover at 25-JUL-13 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified Point-in-Time List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments Tablespace SYSTEM Tablespace UNDOTBS1 Creating automatic instance, with SID='Coao' initialization parameters used for automatic instance: db_name=ORCL12C db_unique_name=Coao_pitr_ORCL12C compatible=12.1.0.0.0 db_block_size=8192 db_files=200 sga_target=1G processes=80 diagnostic_dest=/oracle/12c db_create_file_dest=/tmp log_archive_dest_1='location=/tmp' enable_pluggable_database=true _clone_one_pdb_recovery=true #No auxiliary parameter file used starting up automatic instance ORCL12C Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes Fixed Size 2296576 bytes Variable Size 281019648 bytes Database Buffers 780140544 bytes Redo Buffers 5480448 bytes Automatic instance created contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until scn 2076316; # restore the controlfile restore clone controlfile; # mount the controlfile sql clone 'alter database mount clone database'; # archive current online log sql 'alter system archive log current'; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause Starting restore at 25-JUL-13 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/autobackup/2013_07_25/o1_mf_s_821728817_8z1xsllx_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/autobackup/2013_07_25/o1_mf_s_821728817_8z1xsllx_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T180017 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08 output file name=/tmp/ORCL12C/controlfile/o1_mf_8z1ypm05_.ctl Finished restore at 25-JUL-13 sql statement: alter database mount clone database sql statement: alter system archive log current contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until scn 2076316; # set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles set newname for clone datafile 1 to new; set newname for clone datafile 4 to new; set newname for clone datafile 3 to new; set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new; # switch all tempfiles switch clone tempfile all; # restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set restore clone datafile 1, 4, 3; switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed tempfile 1 to /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file Starting restore at 25-JUL-13 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175701_8z1xmflf_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175701_8z1xmflf_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T175701 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:55 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175827_8z1xp3fj_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175827_8z1xp3fj_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T175827 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:25 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175948_8z1xrnfl_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T175948_8z1xrnfl_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T175948 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 Finished restore at 25-JUL-13 datafile 1 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=821729991 file name=/tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_system_8z1yqg80_.dbf datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=821729991 file name=/tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_8z1yxpxn_.dbf datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=821729991 file name=/tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_8z1yv1m3_.dbf contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until scn 2076316; # online the datafiles restored or switched sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online"; sql clone "alter database datafile 4 online"; sql clone "alter database datafile 3 online"; # recover and open database read only recover clone database tablespace "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX"; sql clone 'alter database open read only'; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online Starting recover at 25-JUL-13 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 starting media recovery archived log for thread 1 with sequence 32 is already on disk as file /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/archivelog/2013_07_25/o1_mf_1_32_8z1ygxf8_.arc archived log file name=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/archivelog/2013_07_25/o1_mf_1_32_8z1ygxf8_.arc thread=1 sequence=32 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished recover at 25-JUL-13 sql statement: alter database open read only contents of Memory Script: { sql clone "create spfile from memory"; shutdown clone immediate; startup clone nomount; sql clone "alter system set control_files = ''/tmp/ORCL12C/controlfile/o1_mf_8z1ypm05_.ctl'' comment= ''RMAN set'' scope=spfile"; shutdown clone immediate; startup clone nomount; # mount database sql clone 'alter database mount clone database'; } executing Memory Script sql statement: create spfile from memory database closed database dismounted Oracle instance shut down connected to auxiliary database (not started) Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes Fixed Size 2296576 bytes Variable Size 285213952 bytes Database Buffers 775946240 bytes Redo Buffers 5480448 bytes sql statement: alter system set control_files = ''/tmp/ORCL12C/controlfile/o1_mf_8z1ypm05_.ctl'' comment= ''RMAN set'' scope=spfile Oracle instance shut down connected to auxiliary database (not started) Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes Fixed Size 2296576 bytes Variable Size 285213952 bytes Database Buffers 775946240 bytes Redo Buffers 5480448 bytes sql statement: alter database mount clone database contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until scn 2076316; # set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles set newname for datafile 6 to new; # restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set restore clone datafile 6; switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause executing command: SET NEWNAME Starting restore at 25-JUL-13 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /tmp/COAO_PITR_ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_users_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T180013_8z1xsg2q_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_07_25/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130725T180013_8z1xsg2q_.bkp tag=TAG20130725T180013 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 Finished restore at 25-JUL-13 datafile 6 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=15 STAMP=821730375 file name=/tmp/COAO_PITR_ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_users_8z1zb02t_.dbf contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until scn 2076316; # online the datafiles restored or switched sql clone "alter database datafile 6 online"; # recover and open resetlogs recover clone database tablespace "USERS", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX" delete archivelog; alter clone database open resetlogs; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause sql statement: alter database datafile 6 online Starting recover at 25-JUL-13 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 starting media recovery archived log for thread 1 with sequence 32 is already on disk as file /oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/archivelog/2013_07_25/o1_mf_1_32_8z1ygxf8_.arc archived log file name=/oracle/12c/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/archivelog/2013_07_25/o1_mf_1_32_8z1ygxf8_.arc thread=1 sequence=32 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 Finished recover at 25-JUL-13 database opened contents of Memory Script: { # create directory for datapump import sql "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as '' /tmp''"; # create directory for datapump export sql clone "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as '' /tmp''"; } executing Memory Script sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/tmp'' sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/tmp'' Performing export of tables... EXPDP> WARNING: Oracle Data Pump operations are not typically needed when connected to the root or seed of a container database. EXPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_Coao_DovB": EXPDP> Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA EXPDP> Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 13 MB EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS EXPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER EXPDP> . . exported "c##testuser"."OBJ" 10.35 MB 90808 rows EXPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_Coao_DovB" successfully loaded/unloaded EXPDP> ****************************************************************************** EXPDP> Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_Coao_DovB is: EXPDP> /tmp/tspitr_Coao_66262.dmp EXPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_Coao_DovB" successfully completed at Thu Jul 25 18:29:45 2013 elapsed 0 00:01:29 Export completed contents of Memory Script: { # shutdown clone before import shutdown clone abort } executing Memory Script Oracle instance shut down Performing import of tables... IMPDP> WARNING: Oracle Data Pump operations are not typically needed when connected to the root or seed of a container database. IMPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_Coao_Awud" successfully loaded/unloaded IMPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_Coao_Awud": IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA IMPDP> . . imported "c##testuser"."N_OBJ" 10.35 MB 90808 rows IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS IMPDP> Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER IMPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_Coao_Awud" successfully completed at Thu Jul 25 18:31:48 2013 elapsed 0 00:01:12 Import completed Removing automatic instance Automatic instance removed auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_temp_8z1yynz1_.tmp deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/COAO_PITR_ORCL12C/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_8z1zbwgz_.log deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/COAO_PITR_ORCL12C/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_8z1zbqkq_.log deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/COAO_PITR_ORCL12C/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_8z1zbjst_.log deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/COAO_PITR_ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_users_8z1zb02t_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_8z1yv1m3_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_8z1yxpxn_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL12C/datafile/o1_mf_system_8z1yqg80_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /tmp/ORCL12C/controlfile/o1_mf_8z1ypm05_.ctl deleted auxiliary instance file tspitr_Coao_66262.dmp deleted Finished recover at 25-JUL-13

5、恢复成功后简单测试

RMAN> select count(*) from c##testuser.obj; RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 07/25/2013 18:33:36 ORA-00942: table or view does not exist RMAN> select count(*) from c##testuser.n_obj; COUNT(*) ---------- 90808

下面是官方文档中基于SCN恢复表分区和基于时间恢复表的示例:

RECOVER TABLE SH.SALES:SALES_2009, SH.SALES:SALES_2010 UNTIL SCN 34582 AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/tmp/oracle/recover' REMAP TABLE 'SH'.'SALES':'SALES_2009':'HISTORIC_SALES_2009', 'SH'.'SALES':'SALES_2010':'HISTORIC_SALES_2010'; RECOVER TABLE SCOTT.EMP, SCOTT.DEPT UNTIL TIME "TO_CHAR('12/23/2010 12:00:00','mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss')" AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/tmp/oracle/recover' REMAP TABLESPACE 'EXAMPLE':'MY_TBS';
最后修改时间:2022-03-28 10:24:09
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