PostgreSQL安装（编译方式）

yum install systemtap systemtap-sdt-devel
yum install perl-ExtUtils-Embed
yum install readline readline-devel
yum install zlib zlib-devel
yum install openssl openssl-devel
yum install pam pam-devel
yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel
yum install libxslt libxslt-devel
yum install tcl tcl-devel
yum install openldap openldap-develyum install gcc-c++
yum install python python-devel
yum install python3 python3-devel
yum install gcc-c++

wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.2/postgresql-12.2.tar.gz

tar xvf postgresql-12.2.tar.gz
cd postgresql-12.2
./configure  PREFIX=/usr/local/pgsql-12   #配置，生成makefile文件并指定安装目录
make && make install   #make && make install
su - root           #切换到root用户
useradd postgres #添加一个用户，添加完用户以后需要通过passwd postgres来修改该用户的密码
mkdir usr/local/pgsql-12/data #新建一个目录，以后数据库的所有数据和操作都在该目录下
chown postgres.postgres usr/local/pgsql-12/data #更改目录的所有者为 postgres
su - postgres   #切换用户为postgres
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/initdb -D usr/local/pgsql-12/data #初始化工作区
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl -D usr/local/pgsql-12/data logfile start
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/createdb test #新建一个名为test 的数据库
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/psql test  #打开客户端，连接到数据库服务器端

tar xvf postgresql-12.2.tar.gz
cd postgresql-12.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql-12 --with-pgport=5432 --with-perl --with-python PYTHON='/usr/bin/python3' --with-tcl --with-openssl --with-pam  --without-ldap --with-libxml  --with-libxslt  --enable-thread-safety  --with-wal-blocksize=16  --enable-dtrace --enable-debug

make world

make install-world

#以root用户添加一个pg专用账户
useradd postgres

su - postgres
cat >>~/.pgsql_profile <<EOF
export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql-12
export PGDATA=/data/pgsql/12/data
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH
export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
export LANG=en_US.utf8
export DATE=`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
alias rm='rm  -i'
alias ll='ls -lh'
export PGPORT=5432
export PGUSER=postgres
EOF
cat >>~/.bash_profile <<EOF
[ -f ~/.pgsql_profile ] && source ~/.pgsql_profile
EOF

#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

# 配置启动脚本
cat >> usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-12.service<<EOF
# It's nngkt recommended to modify this file in-place, because it will be
# overwritten during package upgrades.  If you want to customize, the
# best way is to create a file "/etc/systemd/system/postgresql-12.service",
# containing
#       .include usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-12.service
#       ...make your changes here...
# For more info about custom unit files, see
# http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd#How_do_I_customize_a_unit_file.2F_add_a_custom_unit_file.3F
# Note: changing PGDATA will typically require adjusting SELinux
# configuration as well.
# Note: do not use a PGDATA pathname containing spaces, or you will
# break postgresql-setup.
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL 12 database server
Documentation=https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/static/
After=syslog.target
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=postgres
Group=postgres
# Note: avoid inserting whitespace in these Environment= lines, or you may
# break postgresql-setup.
# Location of database directory
Environment=PGDATA=/data/pgsql/12/data/
# Where to send early-startup messages from the server (before the logging
# options of postgresql.conf take effect)
# This is normally controlled by the global default set by systemd
# StandardOutput=syslog
# Disable OOM kill on the postmaster
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000
Environment=PG_OOM_ADJUST_FILE=/proc/self/oom_score_adj
Environment=PG_OOM_ADJUST_VALUE=0
ExecStart=/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s 
ExecStop=/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast
ExecReload=/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s
KillMode=mixed
KillSignal=SIGINT
 
# Do not set any timeout value, so that systemd will not kill postmaster
# during crash recovery.
TimeoutSec=0
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 设置权限
chmod 754 usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service
# 设置开机启动
systemctl enable postgresql-12.service
# 启动、关闭、重启、查看状态
systemctl start|stop|restart|status postgresql-12.service
# 查看已设置自启动服务
systemctl   list-units --type=service

#创建目录并授权
mkdir -p data/pgsql/12/data
chown -R postgres:postgres data/pgsql
#初始化数据目录（添加 -k 选项，启用checksum）
su - postgres
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/initdb -D data/pgsql/12/data -k

su - postgres
# 启动
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA start
# 关闭
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA stop
# 重新加载配置文件
/usr/local/pgsql-12/bin/pg_ctl reload

su - postgres
psql
create user test with password 'test';
create database test owner test;

cat >>~/.pgpass <<EOF
#hostname:port:database:username:password
localhost:5432:postgres:postgres:postgres
EOF
chmod 0600 ~/.pgpass

psql -h 192.168.1.10 -p 5432 -Upostgres -D postgres

jdbc:postgresql://192.168.1.10:5432/test?currentSchema=test