MySQL主从复制的实现

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MySQL主从复制

• 1Master和Slave配置

[root@ip-168-32-11-116 cloudera-scm-server]# vim etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=118
binlog_format=MIXED

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• Slave服务配置(168.32.6.120)

• 修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置

 [root@ip-168-32-6-120 ~]# vim etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=190

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• 修改配置后重启Master和Slave的MySQL服务。

[root@ip-168-32-6-120 ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@ip-168-32-6-120 ~]#

• 构建主从复制

• 在Master(168.32.11.116) 主MySQL上创建一个mysnc用户

• 用户名：mysync 密码：mysync

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

• mysync用户必须具有REPLICATION SLAVE权限。

• 说明一下：

• 172.31.%，这个配置是指明mysync用户所在服务器，这里%是通配符，表示IP以172.31开头的Server都可以使用mysync用户登陆Master主服务器。

• 也可以指定固定IP。

• 命令行操作

[root@ip-168-32-11-116 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 查看Master(168.32.11.116) MySQL二进制日志File与Position

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |     1121 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

• 在Slave从MySQL上执行如下SQL

change master to
master_host='168.32.11.116',
master_user='mysync',
master_password='mysync',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
master_log_pos=1121;

• 命令行执行

[root@ip-168-32-6-120 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
...
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
...
mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='168.32.11.116',
    -> master_user='mysync',
    -> master_password='mysync',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
    -> master_log_pos=1121;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

• 在Slave从MySQL上执行命令，启动同步

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

• 在Slave MySQL上查看Slave状态

• 注意：【 Slave_IO_Running: Yes】和【Slave_SQL_Running: Yes】显示为“Yes”则表示主从复制构建成功。

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 168.32.11.116
                  Master_User: mysync
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1121
               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 251
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1121
              Relay_Log_Space: 407
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

• 主从复制验证

• 登录Master主MySQL上执行SQL

• 登录Slave从MySQL上执行SQL

• 在Master主MySQL上执行SQL

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table table1(id int, name varchar(32));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| table1         |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

• 在Slave从MySQL上执行SQL查看

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| table1         |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

• 如何停止并删除主从同步，在Slave从MySQL上执行如下SQL

• 注意：执行下述操作后，需要重启MySQL服务。

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

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