Oracle 19c 启动时出现ORA-00700错误

最近在Linux平台下安装Oracle 19c，启动时告警日志出现ORA-00700错误的问题：

环境描述：

操作系统：Oracle Linux Server release 7.6

内存大小：16GB

数据库  ：19.16.0.0.0

问题描述：

在Oracle 19c启动时，在Oracle的告警日志中会出现下面这样一条告警信息：

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl_std1/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_23094.trc  (incident=1):
ORA-00700: soft internal error, arguments: [pga physmem limit], [3221225472], [3137240883], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl_std1/orcl/incident/incdir_1/orcl_ora_23094_i1.trc

分析解决：

分析ORA-00700错误的信息，我们可以知道这个错误是由于不正确的数据库设置导致的。这个失败目前对实例不是致命的，但是，这可能会导致在查询执行期间发生意外行为。所以最好还是解决掉这个问题.

[oracle@orcl trace]$ oerr ora 700
00700, 00000, "soft internal error, arguments: [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s], [%s]"
// *Cause:  Internal inconsistency that will not crash a process
// *Action: Report as a bug - the first argument is the internal error.
[oracle@LZ3Q-SMT-IMES-DB01 trace]$ 

根据alter.log日志文件信息，错误记录在/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl_std1/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_23094.trc文件中,查看文件

Incident 1 create,dump file:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl_std1/orcl/incident/incdir_1/orcl_ora_23094_i1.trc
ORA-00700: soft internal error, arguments: [pga physmem limit], [3221225472], [3137240883], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

错误生成/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl_std1/orcl/incident/incdir_1/orcl_ora_23094_i1.trc 日志

[TOC00000]
Jump to table of contents
Dump continued from file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl_std1/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_23094.trc
[TOC00001]
ORA-00700: soft internal error, arguments: [pga physmem limit], [3221225472], [3137240883], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

[TOC00001-END]
[TOC00002]
========= Dump for incident 1 (ORA 700 [pga physmem limit]) ========
[TOC00003]
----- Beginning of Customized Incident Dump(s) -----

WARNING: PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET (3072 MB) is too high for
         the amount of physical memory (15750 MB) and
         SGA size (8192 MB) - it should be less than 2991 MB.

根据日志：PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET：设置3072 MB 过大，要求在SGA设置为8192MB的前提下，必须小于2991 MB。

设置后重启数据库，问题解决。

ORACLE官网建议

For example, the following settings can be used to startup the instance:

PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET = 25% of 85% total memory
PGA_AGGREGATE_LIMIT = 50% of 85% total memory
SGA_TARGET = 50% of 85% total memory

-OR-

PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET = 33% of 85% total memory
PGA_AGGREGATE_LIMIT = 67% of 85% total memory
SGA_TARGET = 33% of 85% total memory

最后：

the threshold for the ORA-700 is that twich the PGA target plus the SGA szie must be kess than 90% iof physical memory(2*PGA+SGA<0.9*memory)