实用性技巧，19c快速克隆DBHOME目录

一、前言

在19c版本提供更快捷的方式来构建一个dbhome的克隆环境，可以方便咱们dba进行备份恢复校验环境构建、ADG备库环境构建，数据迁移环境，开发测试的运行环境构建等等场景的使用；利用克隆的方式好处是补丁也是一起克隆过来，无需重新应用补丁，以下做个实战演示。
从各方面的小细节来看，Oracle确实不得不令人佩服。

可以灵活克隆：
RAC到单机
单机到RAC
RAC到RAC
单机到单机

二、源端环境准备

补丁查看

[oracle@william dbhome_1]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch lspatches
33208123;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.13.0.0.0 (33208123)
33192793;Database Release Update : 19.13.0.0.211019 (33192793)

OPatch succeeded.

dbhome目录大小查看

[oracle@william 19.0.0]$ ll
total 4
drwxrwxr-x 74 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  6  2022 dbhome_1
[oracle@william 19.0.0]$ du -sh dbhome_1/
11G	dbhome_1/

临时目录创建

mkdir /u01/image
chown oracle.oinstall image

生成dbhome镜像包

[oracle@william dbhome_1]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@william dbhome_1]$ ./runInstaller -silent -createGoldImage -destinationLocation /u01/image
Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard..


Successfully Setup Software.
Gold Image location: /u01/image/db_home_2023-11-23_06-03-18PM.zip

查看

[oracle@william ~]$ cd /u01/image/
[oracle@william  image]$ ll -h
total 4.1G
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4.1G Nov 23 18:09 db_home_2023-11-23_06-03-18PM.zip

拷贝到目标端

scp /u01/image/db_home_2023-11-23_06-03-18PM.zip  192.168.1.100:/home/oracle

三、目标端环境配置

创建目录解压

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2
unzip -q /home/oracle/db_home_2023-11-23_06-03-18PM.zip -d /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2

环境变量配置

export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2
export ORA_INVENTORY=/oracle/app/oraInventory
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle

开始配置

[oracle@fwl dbhome_2]$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
> -responseFile /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/install/response/db_install.rsp \
> oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
> UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
> INVENTORY_LOCATION=/oracle/app/oraInventory \
> SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en \
> ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2 \
> ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle \
> oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
> oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
> oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \
> oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \
> oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \
> oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \
> oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \
> oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...

[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
   CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /oracle/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2023-11-23_07-06-43PM/installActions2023-11-23_07-06-43PM.log
   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /oracle/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2023-11-23_07-06-43PM/installActions2023-11-23_07-06-43PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
The response file for this session can be found at:
 /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/install/response/db_2023-11-23_07-06-43PM.rsp

You can find the log of this install session at:
 /oracle/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2023-11-23_07-06-43PM/installActions2023-11-23_07-06-43PM.log

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
	1. /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/root.sh

Execute /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/root.sh on the following nodes: 
[fwl]


Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).

Note：查看日志，告警信息可以忽略

执行root脚本

[root@fwl ~]# /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/root.sh
Check /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/install/root_rzyl_2023-11-23_19-10-18-698522328.log for the output of root script
[root@fwl ~]# cat /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2/install/root_rzyl_2023-11-23_19-10-18-698522328.log
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_2
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

补丁检查

[oracle@fwl dbhome_2]$ OPatch/opatch lspatches
33208123;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.13.0.0.0 (33208123)
33192793;Database Release Update : 19.13.0.0.211019 (33192793)

OPatch succeeded.

Note：可以看到补丁信息是正常。

至此DBHOME软件环境克隆完成，后续若进行开发测试场景使用，可以参考我前面的文章使用duplicate进行克隆数据库