【安装】-Oracle Linux7.9 基于VMWARE安装Oracle19g rac规划安装配置详细方案
1.操作系统安装
1.1.第一台虚拟机安装（rac01）
内存
CPU
选择操作系统ISO
添加网卡
进入root用户
时钟同步
查ip
关机
1.2.克隆一个虚拟机（rac02）
1.2.1.克隆后配置
1.2.1.1.方法一：进入虚拟机下root用户修改
（1）改IP
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@rac02 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34
[root@rac02 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens34
UUID=d1219c17-f7b0-44a7-86fd-187765f6e108
DEVICE=ens34
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.10.10.12
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.10.10.1
IPV6_PRIVACY=no
（2）改主机名
[root@rac01 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname rac02.oracle.com
1.2.1.2.方法二 ：xshell连接
改ip , 服务名 ，/etc/hosts
systemctl restart network 重启网卡，或 reboot
新建连接
1.2.2.安装完成之后，加快SSH登录
--配置LoginGraceTime参数为0, 将timeout wait设置为无限制
cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"` && sed -i '/#LoginGraceTime 2m/ s/#LoginGraceTime 2m/LoginGraceTime 0/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config && grep LoginGraceTime /etc/ssh/sshd_config
（备份，替换）
--加快SSH登陆速度，禁用DNS
cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"` && sed -i '/#UseDNS yes/ s/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config && grep UseDNS /etc/ssh/sshd_config
重启ssh服务
systemctl restart sshd
2.共享存储设备
2.1.创建共享磁盘-命令行
windows创建目录D:\vm\sharedisk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-ocr01.vmdk"
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-ocr02.vmdk"
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-ocr03.vmdk"
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 10GB -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-data01.vmdk"
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 10GB -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-data02.vmdk"
2.2.管理员权限启动cmd
2.3.桌面虚拟机图标-右击-属性,复制路径
2.4.cmd进入复制的虚拟机路径并执行命令行
2.5.进入D:\vm\sharedisk目录查看大小
2.6.关闭两台虚拟机，编辑相关vmx文件
[root@rac01 ~]# poweroff
[root@rac02 ~]# poweroff
rac01 和 rac02
记事本打开rac01.vms和rac02.vms
末尾添加：
#shared disks configure
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize=0
diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize=0
diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize=0
diskLib.dataCachePageSize=4096
diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"
disk.locking = "FALSE"
scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
scsi1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:0.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:0.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:0.fileName = "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-ocr01.vmdk"
scsi1:0.redo = ""
scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:1.fileName = "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-ocr02.vmdk"
scsi1:1.redo = ""
scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:2.fileName = "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-ocr03.vmdk"
scsi1:2.redo = ""
scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:3.fileName = "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-data01.vmdk"
scsi1:3.redo = ""
scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:4.fileName = "D:\vm\sharedisk\share-data02.vmdk"
scsi1:4.redo = ""
2.7.开机并查看磁盘
注意：Asmm支持大页内存
注意：Amm 不能超过4G，</dev/shm,不支持大页内存
[root@rac01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 198G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 60G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-u01 253:2 0 130G 0 lvm /u01
sdb 8:16 0 2G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 2G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 2G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 10G 0 disk
sdf 8:80 0 10G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom
[root@rac01 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0001599b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 417341439 207621120 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sde: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdf: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-u01: 139.6 GB, 139586437120 bytes, 272629760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@rac02 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 198G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 60G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-u01 253:2 0 130G 0 lvm /u01
sdb 8:16 0 2G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 2G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 2G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 10G 0 disk
sdf 8:80 0 10G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom
[root@rac02 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sde: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdf: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0001599b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 417341439 207621120 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-u01: 139.6 GB, 139586437120 bytes, 272629760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@rac02 ~]#
3.RAC安装准备工作
3.1.硬件配置和系统情况
3.1.1.检查操作系统
cat /etc/oracle-release
dmidecode |grep Name
cpu:
dmidecode |grep -i cpu|grep -i version|awk -F ':' '{print $2}'
3.1.2.检查内存
[root@rac01 ~]# dmidecode|grep -A5 "Memory Device"|grep Size|grep -v No |grep -v Range
Size: 4096 MB
[root@rac02 ~]# dmidecode|grep -A5 "Memory Device"|grep Size|grep -v No |grep -v Range
Size: 4096 MB
3.1.3.检查swap
free -m
free -h
3.1.4.检查时间和时区
（1）查看时间
[root@rac01 ~]# date
Sat Jun 3 16:55:12 CST 2023
（2）时区
[root@rac01 ~]# timedatectl status|grep Local
Local time: Sat 2023-06-03 16:55:46 CST
[root@rac01 ~]# date -R
Sat, 03 Jun 2023 16:55:57 +0800
[root@rac01 ~]# timedatectl | grep "Asia/Shanghai"
Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
设置时区
[root@rac01 ~]# timedatectl set-timezone "Asia/Shanghai" && timedatectl status|grep Local
Local time: Sat 2023-06-03 17:00:14 CST
rac02同理
3.2.主机名和hosts文件
3.2.1检查和设置主机名
检查：hostnamectl status
设置：hostnamectl set-hostname rac01.oracle.com
注意：主机名允许使用小写字母、数字和中横线（-），并且只能以小写字母开头。
3.2.2调整hosts文件
[root@rac01 ~]# cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`
[root@rac01 ~]# echo '#public ip
> 192.168.100.111 rac01
> 192.168.100.112 rac02
> #private ip
> 10.10.10.11 rac01-priv
> 10.10.10.12 rac02-priv
> #vip
> 192.168.100.113 rac01-vip
> 192.168.100.114 rac02-vip
> #scanip
> 192.168.100.115 rac-scan1'>> /etc/hosts
[root@rac01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
#public ip
192.168.100.111 rac01
192.168.100.112 rac02
#private ip
10.10.10.11 rac01-priv
10.10.10.12 rac02-priv
#vip
192.168.100.113 rac01-vip
192.168.100.114 rac02-vip
#scanip
192.168.100.115 rac-scan1
[root@rac02 ~]# cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`
[root@rac02 ~]# echo '#public ip
> 192.168.100.111 rac01
> 192.168.100.112 rac02
> #private ip
> 10.10.10.11 rac01-priv
> 10.10.10.12 rac02-priv
> #vip
> 192.168.100.113 rac01-vip
> 192.168.100.114 rac02-vip
> #scanip
> 192.168.100.115 rac-scan1'>> /etc/hosts
[root@rac02 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
#public ip
192.168.100.111 rac01
192.168.100.112 rac02
#private ip
10.10.10.11 rac01-priv
10.10.10.12 rac02-priv
#vip
192.168.100.113 rac01-vip
192.168.100.114 rac02-vip
#scanip
192.168.100.115 rac-scan1
3.3.网卡（虚拟）配置，network文件
3.3.1.（可选）禁用虚拟网卡
systemctl stop libvirtd
systemctl disable libvirtd
注意:需要重启操作系统
3.3.2.检查节点的网卡名和IP
[root@oracle19c-rac1 ~]# ip a
注意：需要确认两个节点的网卡名一致，否者安装会出现问题。
如何两个节点名称不一致，可以通过如下方式修改某一个节点
cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{type}=="1", ATTR{address}=="00:50:56:86:64:82", KERNEL=="ens256" NAME="ens224"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{type}=="1", ATTR{address}=="00:50:56:86:05:a1", KERNEL=="ens161" NAME="ens192"
3.3.3.测试连通性
ping rac01 -c 2
ping rac02 -c 2
ping rac01-priv -c 2
ping rac02-priv -c 2
没ping scanip 是因为 是虚拟的，没安装集群之前是通不了的
3.3.4.调整network
当使用Oracle集群的时候，Zero Configuration Network一样可能会导致节点间的通信问题，所以也应该停掉
Without zeroconf, a network administrator must set up network services, such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS), or configure each computer's network settings manually.
在使用平常的网络设置方式的情况下是可以停掉Zero Conf的
两个节点执行
echo "NOZEROCONF=yes" >>/etc/sysconfig/network && cat /etc/sysconfig/network
3.4.调整/dev/shm
df -Th
cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`
echo "tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,exec,size=4G 0 0">>/etc/fstab
cat /etc/fstab
mount -o remount /dev/shm
df -h
3.5.关闭THP（透明大页）和numa（多核机制）
检查：
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
sed -i 's/quiet/quiet transparent_hugepage=never numa=off/' /etc/default/grub
grep quiet /etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
可以重启检查是否生效
3.6.关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl status firewalld
3.7.关闭selinux
cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`&& sed -i 's/SELINUX\=enforcing/SELINUX\=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
cat /etc/selinux/config
3.8.配置软件yum源
（1）光盘挂载
创建目录：
[root@rac01 ~]# mkdir /mnt/dvd
xftp传递镜像
[root@rac01 ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@rac01 mnt]# ll
total 4601856
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4712300544 Jun 3 18:32 CentOS-7.9-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 18:31 dvd
改名
[root@rac01 mnt]# mv CentOS-7.9-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso centos.iso
[root@rac01 mnt]# ll
total 4601856
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4712300544 Jun 3 18:32 centos.iso
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 18:31 dvd
[root@rac01 mnt]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@rac01 mnt]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Jun 2 18:14:31 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=636e6953-80e6-4505-beb4-73b40b1ef1e7 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-u01 /u01 xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,exec,size=4G 0 0
/mnt/centos.iso /mnt/dvd iso9660 loop 0 0
挂载
[root@rac01 mnt]# mount -a
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@rac01 mnt]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 13M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 60G 8.8G 52G 15% /
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 172M 843M 17% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-u01 xfs 130G 33M 130G 1% /u01
tmpfs tmpfs 394M 12K 394M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/loop0 iso9660 4.4G 4.4G 0 100% /mnt/dvd
[root@rac01 mnt]# ll /mnt/dvd/
total 696
-rw-r--r--. 3 root root 14 Oct 30 2020 CentOS_BuildTag
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 2048 Oct 27 2020 EFI
-rw-rw-r--. 21 root root 227 Aug 30 2017 EULA
-rw-rw-r--. 21 root root 18009 Dec 10 2015 GPL
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 2048 Oct 27 2020 images
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 2048 Nov 3 2020 isolinux
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 2048 Oct 27 2020 LiveOS
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 673792 Nov 4 2020 Packages
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 4 2020 repodata
-rw-rw-r--. 21 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-rw-rw-r--. 21 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
-r--r--r--. 1 root root 2883 Nov 4 2020 TRANS.TBL
[root@rac01 mnt]#
rac02同理
（2）配置软件yum源
[root@rac01 mnt]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# ll
total 40
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 649 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 314 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8515 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 616 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# ll
total 40
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 18:49 bak
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 649 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 314 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8515 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 616 Oct 23 2020 CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo bak
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 220 Jun 3 18:50 bak
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# vi centos.repo
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# cat centos.repo
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///mnt/dvd
gpgcheck=0
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: centos
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# yum list
arc02同理
3.9.安装软件包
（1）检查
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' \
bc \
binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
fontconfig-devel \
glibc \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libXrender \
libXrender-devel \
libxcb \
libX11 \
libXau \
libXi \
libXtst \
libgcc \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
sysstat \
unzip \
readline \
smartmontools | grep "not installed"
结果：
（2）安装软件包和工具包
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]#
yum install -y bc* ntp* binutils* compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++* dtrace-modules* dtrace-modules-headers* dtrace-modules-provider-headers* dtrace-utils* elfutils-libelf* elfutils-libelf-devel* fontconfig-devel* glibc* glibc-devel* ksh* libaio* libaio-devel* libdtrace-ctf-devel* libXrender* libXrender-devel* libX11* libXau* libXi* libXtst* libgcc* librdmacm-devel* libstdc++* libstdc++-devel* libxcb* make* net-tools* nfs-utils* python* python-configshell* python-rtslib* python-six* targetcli* smartmontools* sysstat* gcc* nscd* unixODBC* unzip readline tigervnc*
（3）再检查一遍有一个没安装
package compat-libstdc++-33 is not installed
（4）虚拟机创建/software目录
mkdir /software
（5）xftp传输文件
[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# cd /software
[root@rac01 software]# ll
total 5809660
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 195388 Jun 3 20:47 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3059705302 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home .zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2889184573 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
[root@rac01 software]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@rac01 software]#
arc02同理
3.10配置核心参数
（1）
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
（2）
memTotal=$(grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo | awk '{print $2}')
totalMemory=$((memTotal / 2048))
shmall=$((memTotal / 4))
if [ $shmall -lt 2097152 ]; then
shmall=2097152
fi
shmmax=$((memTotal * 1024 - 1))
if [ "$shmmax" -lt 4294967295 ]; then
shmmax=4294967295
fi
（3）
cat <<EOF>>/etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = $shmall
kernel.shmmax = $shmmax
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 16777216
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_default = 16777216
fs.aio-max-nr = 6194304
vm.dirty_ratio=20
vm.dirty_background_ratio=3
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs=100
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs=500
vm.swappiness=10
vm.min_free_kbytes=524288
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000
net.core.netdev_budget = 600
#vm.nr_hugepages =
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.ipfrag_time = 60
net.ipv4.ipfrag_low_thresh=6291456
net.ipv4.ipfrag_high_thresh = 8388608
EOF
（4）
sysctl -p
arc02同理
3.11.关闭avahi服务
systemctl stop avahi-daemon
systemctl disable avahi-daemon
3.12.关闭其他服务
--禁用开机启动
systemctl disable accounts-daemon.service
systemctl disable atd.service
systemctl disable avahi-daemon.service
systemctl disable avahi-daemon.socket
systemctl disable bluetooth.service
systemctl disable brltty.service
--systemctl disable chronyd.service
systemctl disable colord.service
systemctl disable cups.service
systemctl disable debug-shell.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl disable gdm.service
systemctl disable ksmtuned.service
systemctl disable ktune.service
systemctl disable libstoragemgmt.service
systemctl disable mcelog.service
systemctl disable ModemManager.service
--systemctl disable ntpd.service
systemctl disable postfix.service
systemctl disable postfix.service
systemctl disable rhsmcertd.service
systemctl disable rngd.service
systemctl disable rpcbind.service
systemctl disable rtkit-daemon.service
systemctl disable tuned.service
systemctl disable upower.service
systemctl disable wpa_supplicant.service
--停止服务
systemctl stop accounts-daemon.service
systemctl stop atd.service
systemctl stop avahi-daemon.service
systemctl stop avahi-daemon.socket
systemctl stop bluetooth.service
systemctl stop brltty.service
--systemctl stop chronyd.service
systemctl stop colord.service
systemctl stop cups.service
systemctl stop debug-shell.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl stop gdm.service
systemctl stop ksmtuned.service
systemctl stop ktune.service
systemctl stop libstoragemgmt.service
systemctl stop mcelog.service
systemctl stop ModemManager.service
--systemctl stop ntpd.service
systemctl stop postfix.service
systemctl stop postfix.service
systemctl stop rhsmcertd.service
systemctl stop rngd.service
systemctl stop rpcbind.service
systemctl stop rtkit-daemon.service
systemctl stop tuned.service
systemctl stop upower.service
systemctl stop wpa_supplicant.service
chrony和ntp也关闭，注释去掉
stop不操作，因为一会儿重启
rac02同理
3.13.修改login配置
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF
session required pam_limits.so
EOF
rac02同理
3.14.配置用户限制
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768
gride soft memlock 3145728
gride hard memlock 3145728
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 3145728
oracle hard memlock 3145728
EOF
配置文件删除，彻底禁用
mv /etc/chrony.conf /etc/chrony.conf_bak
mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf_bak
systemctl list-unit-files|grep -E 'ntp|chrony'
rac02同理
3.15.两台虚拟重启reboot
Poweroff
3.16.创建组和用户
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
groupadd -g 54330 racdba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,asmdba,racdba -u 10000 oracle
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,asmoper,asmadmin,racdba -u 10001 grid
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
echo "grid" | passwd --stdin grid
3.17.创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/19.3.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/
3.18.配置用户环境变量
3.18.1grid用户
- rac01
cat >> /home/grid/.bash_profile << "EOF"
################add#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysasm'
export PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'$PWD]\$ '
EOF
（2）rac02
cat >> /home/grid/.bash_profile << "EOF"
################ enmo add#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysasm'
export PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'$PWD]\$ '
EOF
3.18.2. oracle用户
（1）rac01
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile << "EOF"
################ add#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle19c-rac1
export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=PROD1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba'
export PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'$PWD]\$ '
EOF
（2）rac02
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile << "EOF"
################ add#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle19c-rac1
export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=PROD2
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba'
export PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'$PWD]\$ '
EOF
3.19.配置共享存储（multipath+udev）
3.19.1.multipath
（1）安装multipath
yum install -y device-mapper*
mpathconf --enable --with_multipathd y
（2）查看共享盘的scsi_id
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdb
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdc
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdd
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sde
/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdf
（3）配置multipath，wwid的值为上面获取的scsi_id，alias可自定义，这里配置3块OCR盘，2块DATA盘
defaults {
user_friendly_names yes
}
这里可以和之前的冲突了
cp /etc/multipath.conf /etc/multipath.conf.bak
sed '/^/s/^/#/' /etc/multipath.conf -i 注释所有的行
cat <<EOF>> /etc/multipath.conf
defaults {
user_friendly_names yes
}
blacklist {
devnode "^sda"
}
multipaths {
multipath {
wwid "36000c29af3e8a022df507cbc4b6adf7e"
alias asm_ocr01
}
multipath {
wwid "36000c29c915c5cc2c4049fd023987535"
alias asm_ocr02
}
multipath {
wwid "36000c29701271874ae80f25559817100"
alias asm_ocr03
}
multipath {
wwid "36000c29185ae0737eccfd5046e6589c3"
alias asm_data01
}
multipath {
wwid "36000c29b3bb30499832406896631f223"
alias asm_data02
}
}
EOF
（4）激活multipath多路径：
multipath -F
multipath -v2
multipath -ll
3.19.2. UDEV
cd /dev/mapper
for i in asm_*; do
printf "%s %s\n" "$i" "$(udevadm info --query=all --name=/dev/mapper/"$i" | grep -i dm_uuid)" >>/dev/mapper/udev_info
done
while read -r line; do
dm_uuid=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'=' '{print $2}')
disk_name=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $1}')
echo "KERNEL==\"dm-*\",ENV{DM_UUID}==\"${dm_uuid}\",SYMLINK+=\"${disk_name}\",OWNER=\"grid\",GROUP=\"asmadmin\",MODE=\"0660\"" >>/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
done < /dev/mapper/udev_info
##重载udev
udevadm control --reload-rules
udevadm trigger --type=devices
ll /dev/asm*
[root@oracle19c-rac2 dev]# more /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-36000c29e516572af5c105d12e8c0db12",SYMLINK+="asm_data01",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-36000c29d6be6679787ceadf23b29b180",SYMLINK+="asm_data02",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-36000c29a961f7eb1208473713ca7b007",SYMLINK+="asm_ocr01",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-36000c29f87ed61db71c60bd3d6e737dc",SYMLINK+="asm_ocr02",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-36000c297c53b91255620471a6deb6853",SYMLINK+="asm_ocr03",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
[root@oracle19c-rac2 dev]#
[root@oracle19c-rac2 mapper]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 asm_data01 -> ../dm-7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 asm_data02 -> ../dm-8
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 asm_ocr01 -> ../dm-4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 asm_ocr02 -> ../dm-5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 asm_ocr03 -> ../dm-6
crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Jul 28 15:44 control
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 ol-root -> ../dm-0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 ol-swap -> ../dm-1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 ol-tmp -> ../dm-2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jul 28 15:44 ol-u01 -> ../dm-3
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 307 Jul 28 15:44 udev_info
[root@oracle19c-rac2 mapper]# ll /dev/dm*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 252, 0 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-0
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 252, 1 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 252, 2 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-2
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 252, 3 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-3
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 4 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-4
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 5 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-5
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 6 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-6
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 7 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-7
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 8 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dm-8
crw-rw---- 1 root audio 14, 9 Jul 28 15:44 /dev/dmmidi
重启reboot
4.应用 GIRU 并安装 GRID 软件
4.1.上传并解压软件
（1）rac01 root 用户
[root@rac01 ~]# cd /software/
[root@rac01 software]# ll
total 5809660
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 195388 Jun 3 20:47 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3059705302 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home .zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2889184573 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
[root@rac01 software]# chown grid:oinstall LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
[root@rac01 software]# chown oracle:oinstall LINUX.X64_193000_db_home\ .zip
[root@rac01 software]# ll
total 5809660
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 195388 Jun 3 20:47 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 3059705302 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home .zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 grid oinstall 2889184573 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
（2）rac01 grid 用户
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/home/grid]$ cd /software/
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/software]$ ll
total 5809660
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 195388 Jun 3 20:47 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 3059705302 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home .zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 grid oinstall 2889184573 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/software]$ unzip LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
（3）rac01 oracle 用户
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/home/oracle]$ cd /software/
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/software]$ ll
total 5809660
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 195388 Jun 3 20:47 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 3059705302 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home .zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 grid oinstall 2889184573 Jun 3 20:48 LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/software]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/software]$ unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home\ .zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
4.2.安装 cvuqdisk 包
如果配好两台主机之间的ssh互信，可以提前跑一些脚本，检查安装过程依赖的需求是否满足
（1）rac01 grid用户
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/software]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid]$ pwd
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid]$ cd cv/rpm/
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/cv/rpm]$ pwd
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/cv/rpm
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/cv/rpm]$ ls
cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
- rac01 root用户
[root@rac01 software]# cd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/cv/rpm
[root@rac01 rpm]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 11412 Mar 13 2019 cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
[root@rac01 rpm]#
[root@rac01 rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Using default group oinstall to install package
Updating / installing...
1:cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1 ################################# [100%]
[root@rac01 rpm]#
[root@rac01 rpm]#
[root@rac01 rpm]# scp cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm 192.168.100.112:/tmp
The authenticity of host '192.168.100.112 (192.168.100.112)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:4fppGXhshRhSlv1w62bh4J9FzFYMoL6SoVPOrOO3O5E.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:1b:03:1b:a4:1c:79:59:92:bc:0b:a2:94:5d:29:3a:12.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.112' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.112's password:
cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm 100% 11KB 10.9MB/s 00:00
[root@rac01 rpm]#
- rac02 root 用户
[root@rac02 ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@rac02 tmp]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2053 Jun 2 18:38 anaconda.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11412 Jun 4 16:47 cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 18 Jun 2 18:16 hsperfdata_root
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1992 Jun 2 18:37 ifcfg.log
-rwx------. 1 root root 836 Jun 2 18:21 ks-script-mZKrxE
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun 2 18:22 packaging.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun 2 18:22 program.log
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 18:37 pulse-BAcvmNtlXNhx
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun 2 18:22 sensitive-info.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun 2 18:22 storage.log
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 18:40 tracker-extract-files.0
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 11:02 vmware-root_757-4281843244
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 15:02 vmware-root_763-4248287269
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 11:12 vmware-root_772-2990547578
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 11:14 vmware-root_788-2957517930
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 18:22 vmware-root_791-4282302006
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 2 16:46 vmware-root_830-2999133150
drwx------. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 16:41 vmware-root_833-3979642945
drwx------ 2 root root 6 Jun 3 21:29 vmware-root_840-2697008529
drwx------ 2 root root 6 Jun 3 22:09 vmware-root_890-2722107963
drwx------ 2 root root 6 Jun 3 22:15 vmware-root_913-4013723377
drwx------ 2 root root 6 Jun 4 15:43 vmware-root_920-2731086625
-rw-------. 1 root root 0 Jun 2 18:14 yum.log
[root@rac02 tmp]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Using default group oinstall to install package
Updating / installing...
1:cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1 ################################# [100%]
[root@rac02 tmp]#
4.3.配置 ssh 双机互信
（1）rac01 grid用户
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/cv/rpm]$ cd
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/home/grid]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid]$ cd deinstall/
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/deinstall]$ ls
bootstrap_files.lst deinstall deinstall.xml readme.txt sshUserSetup.sh
bootstrap.pl deinstall.pl jlib response utl
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/deinstall]$ ./sshUserSetup.sh –user grid -hosts "rac01 rac01-priv rac02 rac02-priv" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase
（2）rac01 oracle 用户
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/home/oracle]$ cd
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/home/oracle]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1]$ cd deinstall/
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/deinstall]$ ls
bootstrap_files.lst deinstall deinstall.xml readme.txt sshUserSetup.sh
bootstrap.pl deinstall.pl jlib response utl
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/deinstall]$ ./sshUserSetup.sh –user oracle -hosts "rac01 rac01-priv rac02 rac02-priv" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase
验证
grid 用户：
su - grid
ssh rac01 date
ssh rac01-priv date
ssh rac02 date
ssh rac02-priv date
oracle 用户：
su - oracle
ssh rac01 date
ssh rac01-priv date
ssh rac02 date
ssh rac02-priv date
4.4.更新 OPatch
在一节点，上传 opatch 工具（version 12.2.0.37）以 grid 用户解
压缩
su – grid
mv $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch_12.2.0.1.17
unzip /tmp/oracle19c/p6880880_190000_12.2.0.1.37_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
su – oracle
mv $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch_12.2.0.1.17
unzip /tmp/oracle19c/p6880880_190000_12.2.0.1.37_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
安装前，版本为：
opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17
安装后，版本为：
opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.37
4.5.应用GIRU安装grid软件
启动xmanager
Export DISPLAY=192.168.100.1:0.0
cd $ORACLE_HOME
./gridSetup.sh
选择安装 new cluster
选择 standalone
设置 scan
点击add按钮，添加节点2信息（必须与/etc/hosts内容严格一致）
单击“SSH Connectivity”按钮，测试 grid 用户互信，
单击 Test 按钮，应该出现以下窗口，如果以下窗口不能出现，则说明 SSH 配置有问题，请退出安装程序，修改 ssh 配置，然后重新执行上述步骤：
选择网卡
选择使用ASM
选择不使用 GI repository
不安装集群配置管理库。如果安装建议单独分配磁盘。在这有点区别,12 选 no 也会强制装,而且不能将 mgmtdb 单独装在一个磁盘，导致 ocr 磁盘不能少于 40g。18 的时候可以单独分，19 选择 no 不装。
配置磁盘组
点击 change discovery path 按钮，根据实际情况，修改磁盘扫描路径
选择需要的磁盘，不选择 AFD
设置 ASM 口令
不使用 IPMI
不向 EM 注册
确认用户组
确认安装路径（应与 grid 环境变量中配置一致）
确认 inventory 目录（应与 grid 环境变量中配置一致）
不自动跑脚本
安装前检测
可忽略检测结果
此处需要说明的是：
1）相关 limit 设置经过检查确认满足要求，可忽略；
2）resolv.conf 为 DNS 解析的配置，可忽略；
3）由于没有配置 Ntp，dns 和 scan 可以选择忽略；
因此可以选择“Ignore All”,然后单击“Next”按钮执行下一步。
最后安装前展示
开始安装
跑脚本顺序从上到下，从左到右
Rac01 root 用户
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Rac02 root 用户
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Rac01 root 用户
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/root.sh
rac01 grid 用户
查看集群已经启动，此时只有一个节点
Rac02 root 用户
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/root.sh
此时有两个节点
过程中grid用户
cd $ORACLE_HOME
跑完脚本点OK
点 ok，next，这个报错是由于 scan 引起的可以忽略。
点 close 至此集群安装完毕。
安装后检查:
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/home/grid]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid
检查：
[root@rac01 ~]# which crsctl
/usr/bin/which: no crsctl in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/root/bin)
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/profile
末尾加上export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin
[root@rac01 ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@rac01 ~]# which crsctl
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin/crsctl
[root@rac01 ~]# crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
[root@rac01 ~]# crsctl check ctss
CRS-4701: The Cluster Time Synchronization Service is in Active mode.
CRS-4702: Offset (in msec): 0
[root@rac01 ~]#
[root@rac01 ~]# crs_stat -t
bash: crs_stat: command not found...
查看后台进程
[root@rac01 ~]# ps -ef | grep asm
- 应用 DBRU 并安装 DB 软件
启动安装
只安装软件
选择集群安装
选中集群全部节点
测试 oracle 用户互信
单击“SSH Connectivity”按钮：
单击 Test 按钮，应该出现以下窗口，如果以下窗口不能出现，则说明 SSH 配置有问题，请退出安装程序，修改 ssh 配置，然后重新执行上述步骤：
选择安装企业版
确认安装路径
安装路径应与 oracle 环境变量里设置相同
确认用户组
不自动运行脚本
安装前环境检查
可忽略选项
安装前检查结果
开始安装并运行root.sh
ok close
7.创建用于建库的磁盘组
启动 asmca
在 1 节点，以 grid 用户执行
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/home/grid]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.100.1:0.0
[grid@rac01.oracle.com:/home/grid]$ asmca
Disk Groups create
8.DBCA 建库
rac01 oracle 用户DBCA建库
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/home/oracle]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.100.1:0.0
[oracle@rac01.oracle.com:/home/oracle]$ dbca
查看后台进程
环境变量已经提前配好
若创建多租户容器数据库连接测试
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1895824672 bytes
Fixed Size 9141536 bytes
Variable Size 1140850688 bytes
Database Buffers 738197504 bytes
Redo Buffers 7634944 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 MOUNTED
SQL> select
2 'DB Name: ' ||Sys_Context('Userenv', 'DB_Name')||
3 ' / CDB?: ' ||case
4 when Sys_Context('Userenv', 'CDB_Name') is not null then 'YES'
5 else 'NO'
6 end||
7 ' / Auth-ID: ' ||Sys_Context('Userenv', 'Authenticated_Identity')||
8 ' / Sessn-User: '||Sys_Context('Userenv', 'Session_User')||
9 ' / Container: ' ||Nvl(Sys_Context('Userenv', 'Con_Name'), 'n/a')
10 "Who am I?"
11 from Dual
12 /
Who am I?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DB Name: orcl / CDB?: YES / Auth-ID: oracle / Sessn-User: SYS / Container: CDB$R
OOT
SQL> set linesize 300
SQL> /
Who am I?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DB Name: orcl / CDB?: YES / Auth-ID: oracle / Sessn-User: SYS / Container: CDB$ROOT
SQL>
SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
SQL>
（2）连接pdb
ORACLE_PDB_SID方式
export ORACLE_PDB_SID=pdb1
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ export ORACLE_PDB_SID=pdb1
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ env|grep PDB
ORACLE_PDB_SID=pdb1
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 4 11:08:03 2021
Version 19.11.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2020, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.11.0.0.0
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
SQL>
SET CONTAINER方式
ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = PDB1;
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.11.0.0.0
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = PDB01;
ERROR:
ORA-65011: Pluggable database PDB01 does not exist.
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
SQL>
service方式+tnsnames.ora
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 04-AUG-2021 11:13:08
Copyright (c) 1991, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date 04-AUG-2021 10:36:15
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 36 min. 54 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/oracle19c-rac1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.245.141)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.245.143)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=oracle19c-rac1)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_DATA" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_OCRVOTE" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "86b637b62fdf7a65e053f706e80a27ca" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "c8a90ae7cd0a17b8e0538df5a8c0c88c" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
tnsnames.ora方式
pdb1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle19c-rac1)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = pdb1)
)
)
sqlplus pdb1/pdb1@pdb1
show con_name
tow_task
export TWO_TASK= pdb1
tow_task连接方式
普通用户。
sys加上密码
sys不加密码方式
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ export TWO_TASK=pdb1
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus sys/oracle as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 4 11:24:30 2021
Version 19.11.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2020, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.11.0.0.0
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
PDB1
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.11.0.0.0
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 4 11:24:49 2021
Version 19.11.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2020, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
Enter user-name: ^C
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus pdb1/pdb1
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 4 11:24:59 2021
Version 19.11.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2020, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Wed Aug 04 2021 11:23:35 +08:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.11.0.0.0
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.11.0.0.0
[oracle@oracle19c-rac1:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus pdb1/pdb1 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 4 11:25:06 2021
Version 19.11.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2020, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
Enter user-name: ^C
PS:使用no-sys和sys密码的方式是可以登录的，但是 sqlplus / as sysdba是不允许的
（3）datafile
SQL> /
CON_ID Con_Name T'space_Na File_Name
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 CDB$ROOT SYSAUX +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/sysaux.258.1079636747
1 CDB$ROOT SYSTEM +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/system.257.1079636681
1 CDB$ROOT TEMP +DATA/ORCL/TEMPFILE/temp.264.1079636895
1 CDB$ROOT UNDOTBS1 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/undotbs1.259.1079636773
1 CDB$ROOT UNDOTBS2 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/undotbs2.269.1079639099
1 CDB$ROOT USERS +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/users.260.1079636775
3 PDB1 SYSAUX +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/DATAFILE/sysaux.278.1079646975
3 PDB1 SYSTEM +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/DATAFILE/system.277.1079646973
3 PDB1 TEMP +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/TEMPFILE/temp.279.1079647223
3 PDB1 UNDOTBS1 +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/DATAFILE/undotbs1.276.1079646973
10 rows selected.
SQL> l
1 with Containers as (
2 select PDB_ID Con_ID, PDB_Name Con_Name from DBA_PDBs
3 union
4 select 1 Con_ID, 'CDB$ROOT' Con_Name from Dual)
5 select
6 Con_ID,
7 Con_Name "Con_Name",
8 Tablespace_Name "T'space_Name",
9 File_Name "File_Name"
10 from CDB_Data_Files inner join Containers using (Con_ID)
11 union
12 select
13 Con_ID,
14 Con_Name "Con_Name",
15 Tablespace_Name "T'space_Name",
16 File_Name "File_Name"
17 from CDB_Temp_Files inner join Containers using (Con_ID)
18 order by 1, 3
19*
9.RAC日常管理命令
9.1.集群资源状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Target State Server State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.chad
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.proxy_advm
OFFLINE OFFLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
OFFLINE OFFLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr(ora.asmgroup)
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
2 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.DATA.dg(ora.asmgroup)
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
2 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ora.OCRVOTE.dg(ora.asmgroup)
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
2 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.asm(ora.asmgroup)
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 Started,STABLE
2 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 Started,STABLE
ora.asmnet1.asmnetwork(ora.asmgroup)
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
2 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ora.oracle19c-rac1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ora.oracle19c-rac2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac2 STABLE
ora.orcl.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
racle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1,STABLE
2 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown,ST
ABLE
ora.qosmserver
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE oracle19c-rac1 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.2.集群服务状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check cluster -all
**************************************************************
oracle19c-rac1:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
oracle19c-rac2:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.3.数据库状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status database -d orcl
Instance orcl1 is running on node oracle19c-rac1
Instance orcl2 is not running on node oracle19c-rac2
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.4.监听状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 04-AUG-2021 11:27:21
Copyright (c) 1991, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date 04-AUG-2021 10:36:15
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 51 min. 7 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/oracle19c-rac1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.245.141)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.245.143)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=oracle19c-rac1)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_DATA" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_OCRVOTE" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "86b637b62fdf7a65e053f706e80a27ca" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "c8a90ae7cd0a17b8e0538df5a8c0c88c" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status listener
Listener LISTENER is enabled
Listener LISTENER is running on node(s): oracle19c-rac2,oracle19c-rac1
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.5.scan状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status scan
SCAN VIP scan1 is enabled
SCAN VIP scan1 is running on node oracle19c-rac1
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status scan_listener
SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is enabled
SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is running on node oracle19c-rac1
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ lsnrctl status LISTENER_SCAN1
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 04-AUG-2021 11:28:18
Copyright (c) 1991, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER_SCAN1
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date 04-AUG-2021 10:36:09
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 52 min. 10 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/oracle19c-rac1/listener_scan1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.245.145)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "86b637b62fdf7a65e053f706e80a27ca" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "c8a90ae7cd0a17b8e0538df5a8c0c88c" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.6.nodeapps状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status nodeapps
VIP 192.168.245.143 is enabled
VIP 192.168.245.143 is running on node: oracle19c-rac1
VIP 192.168.245.144 is enabled
VIP 192.168.245.144 is running on node: oracle19c-rac2
Network is enabled
Network is running on node: oracle19c-rac1
Network is running on node: oracle19c-rac2
ONS is enabled
ONS daemon is running on node: oracle19c-rac1
ONS daemon is running on node: oracle19c-rac2
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.7.VIP状态
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status vip -node oracle19c-rac1
VIP 192.168.245.143 is enabled
VIP 192.168.245.143 is running on node: oracle19c-rac1
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status vip -node oracle19c-rac2
VIP 192.168.245.144 is enabled
VIP 192.168.245.144 is running on node: oracle19c-rac2
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.8.数据库配置
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config database -d orcl
Database unique name: orcl
Database name: orcl
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/ORCL/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.1079640143
Password file: +DATA/ORCL/PASSWORD/pwdorcl.256.1079636555
Domain:
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools:
Disk Groups: DATA
Mount point paths:
Services:
Type: RAC
Start concurrency:
Stop concurrency:
OSDBA group: dba
OSOPER group: oper
Database instances: orcl1,orcl2
Configured nodes: oracle19c-rac1,oracle19c-rac2
CSS critical: no
CPU count: 0
Memory target: 0
Maximum memory: 0
Default network number for database services:
Database is administrator managed
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl status res ora.orcl.db -p |grep -i auto
AUTO_START=restore
MANAGEMENT_POLICY=AUTOMATIC
START_DEPENDENCIES_RTE_INTERNAL=<xml><Cond name="ASMClientMode">False</Cond><Cond name="ASMmode">remote</Cond><Arg name="dg" type="ResList">ora.DATA.dg</Arg><Arg name="acfs_or_nfs" type="ResList"></Arg><Cond name="OHResExist">False</Cond><Cond name="DATABASE_TYPE">RAC</Cond><Cond name="MANAGEMENT_POLICY">AUTOMATIC</Cond><Arg name="acfs_and_nfs" type="ResList"></Arg></xml>
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
AUTO_START=restore是设置数据库是否启动的，restore就是保持上次状态。
9.9.OCR
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 4
Total space (kbytes) : 491684
Used space (kbytes) : 84364
Available space (kbytes) : 407320
ID : 865494789
Device/File Name : +OCRVOTE
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ ocrconfig -showbackup
PROT-24: Auto backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available
PROT-25: Manual backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available
9.10.VOTEDISK
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl query css votedisk
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE b6fda7690d0e4fcdbfadc303580fb08d (/dev/asm_ocr01) [OCRVOTE]
2. ONLINE 8e02bf80da2e4fb8bf50d145561261c9 (/dev/asm_ocr02) [OCRVOTE]
3. ONLINE bca68836396f4fcdbf307746a22941c5 (/dev/asm_ocr03) [OCRVOTE]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.11.GI版本
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl query crs releaseversion
Oracle High Availability Services release version on the local node is [19.0.0.0.0]
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl query crs activeversion
Oracle Clusterware active version on the cluster is [19.0.0.0.0]
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$
9.12.ASM
[grid@oracle19c-rac1:/home/grid]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> lsdg
State Type Rebal Sector Logical_Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name
MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 512 4096 4194304 20480 14492 0 14492 0 N DATA/
MOUNTED NORMAL N 512 512 4096 4194304 6144 5228 2048 1590 0 Y OCRVOTE/
ASMCMD> lsof
DB_Name Instance_Name Path
+ASM +ASM1 +OCRVOTE.255.1079463727
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/86B637B62FE07A65E053F706E80A27CA/DATAFILE/sysaux.266.1079638609
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/86B637B62FE07A65E053F706E80A27CA/DATAFILE/system.265.1079638609
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/86B637B62FE07A65E053F706E80A27CA/DATAFILE/undotbs1.267.1079638609
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/C8A7183AA0841E82E0538DF5A8C0A5A9/TEMPFILE/temp.268.1079638657
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/DATAFILE/sysaux.278.1079646975
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/DATAFILE/system.277.1079646973
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/DATAFILE/undotbs1.276.1079646973
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/C8A90AE7CD0A17B8E0538DF5A8C0C88C/TEMPFILE/temp.279.1079647223
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/CONTROLFILE/current.261.1079636859
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/sysaux.258.1079636747
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/system.257.1079636681
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/undotbs1.259.1079636773
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/undotbs2.269.1079639099
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/DATAFILE/users.260.1079636775
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/ONLINELOG/group_1.263.1079636863
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/ONLINELOG/group_2.262.1079636863
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/ONLINELOG/group_3.270.1079640129
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/ONLINELOG/group_4.271.1079640135
orcl orcl1 +DATA/ORCL/TEMPFILE/temp.264.1079636895
ASMCMD> lsdsk
Path
/dev/asm_data01
/dev/asm_data02
/dev/asm_ocr01
/dev/asm_ocr02
/dev/asm_ocr03
9.13.启动和关闭RAC
启动和关闭RAC
-关闭\启动单个实例
$ srvctl stop\start instance -d racdb -i racdb1
--关闭\启动所有实例
$ srvctl stop\start database -d orcl
--关闭\启动CRS
$ crsctl stop\start crs
--关闭\启动集群服务
$ crsctl stop\start cluster -all
crsctl start\stop crs 是单节管理
crsctl start\stop cluster [-all 所有节点] 可以管理多个节点
crsctl start\stop crs 管理crs 包含进程 OHASD
crsctl start\stop cluster 不包含OHASD进程 要先启动 OHASD进程才可以使用
srvctl stop\start database 启动\停止所有实例及其启用的服务
9.14.节点状态
节点示例状态
SQL> SELECT inst_id
,instance_number inst_no
,instance_name inst_name
,parallel
,STATUS
,database_status db_status
,active_state STATE
,host_name host
FROM gv$instance
INST_ID INST_NO INST_NAME PARALLEL
---------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------ ---------
STATUS
------------------------------------
DB_STATUS STATE
--------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
HOST
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 1 orcl1 YES
OPEN
ACTIVE NORMAL
oracle19c-rac1
9.15.切换scan
srvctl relocate scan_listener -i 1 -n oracle19c-rac2
9.16.切换VIP
srvctl config network
srvctl relocate vip -vip oracle19c-rac2-vip -node oracle19c-rac2
