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man page of hp-ux mksf

原创 eygle 2007-11-12
918





NAME


mksf -- make a special (device) file



SYNOPSIS



/sbin/mksf [-C class | -d driver] [-D directory] [-H hw-path] [-I instance] [-q|-v] [driver-options] [special-file]


/sbin/mksf [-C class | -d driver] [-D directory] [-H hw-path] -m minor [-q|-v] [-r] special-file



DESCRIPTION


The mksf command makes a special file in the devices directory, normally /dev, for an existing device, a device that has already been assigned an instance number by the system. The device is specified by supplying some combination of the -C, -d, -H, and -I options. If the options specified match a unique device in the system, mksf creates a special file for that device; otherwise, mksf prints an error message and exits. If required, mksf creates any subdirectories relative to the device installation directory that are defined for the resulting special file.


For most drivers, mksf has a set of built-in driver options, driver-options, and special-file naming conventions. By supplying some subset of the driver options, as in the first form above, the user can create a special file with a particular set of characteristics. If a special-file name is specified, mksf creates the special file with that special file name; otherwise, the default naming convention for the driver is used.


In the second form, the minor number and special-file name are explicitly specified. This form is used to make a special file for a driver without using the built-in driver options in mksf. The -r option specifies that mksf should make a character (raw) device file instead of the default block device file for drivers that support both.




Options


mksf recognizes the following options:










































-C class 

Match a device that belongs to a given device class, class. Device classes can be listed with the lsdev command (see lsdev(1M)). They are defined in the files in the directory /usr/conf/master.d. This option is not valid for pseudo devices. This option cannot be used with -d.

-d driver 

Match a device that is controlled by the specified device driver, driver. Device drivers can be listed with the lsdev command (see lsdev(1M)). They are defined in the files in the directory /usr/conf/master.d. This option cannot be used with -C.

-D directory 

Override the default device installation directory /dev and install the special files in directory instead. directory must exist; otherwise, mksf displays an error message and exits. See WARNINGS.

-H hw-path 

Match a device at a given hardware path, hw-path. Hardware paths can be listed with the ioscan command (see ioscan(1M)). A hardware path specifies the addresses of the hardware components leading to a device. It consists of a string of numbers separated by periods (.), such as 52 (a card), 52.3 (a target address), and 52.3.0 (a device). If a hardware component is a bus converter, the following period, if any, is replaced by a slash (/) as in 2, 2/3, and 2/3.0. This option is not valid for pseudo devices.

-I instance 

Match a device with the specified instance number. Instances can be listed with the -f option of the ioscan command (see ioscan(1M)). This option is not valid for pseudo devices.

-m minor 

Create the special file with the specified minor number minor. The format of minor is the same as that given in mknod(1M) and mknod(5).

-q 

Quiet option. Normally, mksf displays a message as each driver is processed. This option suppresses the driver message, but not error messages. See the -v option.

-r 

Create a character (raw) special file instead of a block special file.

-v 

Verbose option. In addition to the normal processing message, display the name of each special file as it is created. See the -q option.




Naming Conventions


Many special files are named using the ccardttargetddevice naming convention. These variables have the following meaning wherever they are used.


















card  

The unique interface card identification number from ioscan (see ioscan(1M)). It is represented as a decimal number with a typical range of 0 to 255.

target  

The device target number, for example the address on a HP-FL or SCSI bus. It is represented as a decimal number with a typical range of 0 to 15.

device  

A address unit within a device, for example, the unit in a HP-FL device or the LUN in a SCSI device. It is represented as a decimal number with a typical range of 0 to 15.




Special Files



The driver-specific options (driver-options) and default special file names (special-file) are listed below.


asio0














































-a access-mode 

Port access mode (0-2). The default access mode is 0 (Direct connect). The access-mode meanings are:




















access-modePort Operation
0Direct connect
1Dial out modem
2Dial in modem

-c 

CCITT.

-f 

Hardware flow control (RTS/CTS).

-i 

Modem dialer. Cannot be used with -l.

-l 

Line printer. Cannot be used with -i.

-p port 

Multiplexer port number (0 for built-in serial port; 0-1 for SAS console ports). The default port number is 0.

-r fifo-trigger 

fifo-trigger should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding FIFO trigger level for a given fifo-trigger value.























fifo-triggerReceive FIFO Trigger Level
01
14
28
314

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-x xmit-limit 

xmit-limit should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding transmit limit for a given xmit-limit value.























xmit-limitTransmit Limit
01
14
28
312

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the access-mode and whether the -i and -l options are used.








































access-mode-i-lSpecial File Name
--noyesccardp0_lp
2nonottydcardp0
1nonoculcardp0
0yesnocuacardp0
0nonottycardp0



audio






















-f format 

Audio format (0-3). The format meanings are:

































  File Name Modifier
formatAudio Formatformat-mod
0No change in audio format 
18-bit Mu-lawU
28-bit A-lawA
316-bit linearL

-o output-dest 

Output destination (0-4). The output-dest should have a value between 0 and 4. The following table shows the corresponding output destinations for a given output-dest value.





































  File Name Modifier
output-destOutput Destinationsoutput-mod
0All outputsB
1HeadphoneE
2Internal SpeakerI
3No outputN
4Line outputL

-r 

Raw, control access. This option cannot be used with either the -f or -o options.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the options specified.




















OptionsSpecial File Name
-raudioCtl_card
-f 0audio_card
all othersaudiooutput-modformat-mod_card


The optional output-mod and format-mod values are given in the tables above. Note the underscore (_) before card in each special file name. Also note that for card 0, each file will be linked to a simpler name without the trailing _card.



autox0 schgr






  • Note that -i cannot be used with either -r or -p.
























-i 

Ioctl; create picker control special file.

-p optical-disk[:last-optical-disk]
  

The optical disk number (starts with 1). If the optional :last-optical-disk is given then special files for the range of disks specified will be created.

-r 

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

special-file  

A special file cannot be given if a range of optical disks is given with the -p option. If one is given for the single disk case, the name will have an a appended to the end for the A-side device and a b appended to the end for the B-side device. The default special file name depends on whether the -r option is used.























-rSpecial File Name
yesrac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diska
 rac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diskb
noac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diska
 ac/ccardttargetddevice_optical-diskb


Note the underscore (_) between device and optical-disk.



CentIf
















-h handshake-mode
  

Handshake mode. Valid values range from 1 to 6:





























handshake-modeHandshake operation
1Automatic NACK/BUSY handshaking
2Automatic BUSY only handshaking
3Bidirectional read/write
4Stream mode (NSTROBE only, no handshaking)
5Automatic NACK/BUSY with pulsed NSTROBE
6Automatic BUSY with pulsed NSTROBE

special-file  

The default special file name is ccardt0d0_lp for handshake-mode 2 and ccardt0d0hhandshake-mode_lp for all others.



consp1






















-r fifo-trigger 

fifo-trigger should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding FIFO trigger level for a given fifo-trigger value.























fifo-triggerReceive FIFO Trigger Level
01
14
28
314

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-x xmit-limit 

xmit-limit should have a value between 0 and 3. The following table shows the corresponding transmit limit for a given xmit-limit value.























xmit-limitTransmit Limit
01
14
28
312

special-file  

The default special file name is as follows:











Special File Name
ttycardp0



disc1






























-c 

This option must be present if the unit is a cartridge tape.

-r 

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section 

The section number.

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-u unit 

The CS/80 unit number (for example, unit 0 for disk, unit 1 for tape).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -c, -r, and -s options are used:













































-c-r-sSpecial File Name
yesyesinvalidrct/ccardttargetddevice
noyesnordsk/ccardttargetddevice
noyesyesrdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
yesnoinvalidct/ccardttargetddevice
nononodsk/ccardttargetddevice
nonoyesdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection



disc2


























-r 

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section 

The section number.

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-u unit 

The cs80 unit number (typically 0).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r and -s options are used:





























-r-sSpecial File Name
yesnordsk/ccardttargetddevice
yesyesrdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
nonodsk/ccardttargetddevice
noyesdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection



disc3






















-f 

Floppy.

-r 

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section 

The section number.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r and -s options are used:





































-r-sSpecial File Name
yesnordsk/ccardttargetddevice and
  rfloppy/ccardttargetddevice
yesyesrdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
nonodsk/ccardttargetddevice and
  floppy/ccardttargetddevice
noyesdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection



disc4 sdisc


















-r 

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

-s section 

The section number.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r and -s options are used:





























-r-sSpecial File Name
yesnordsk/ccardttargetddevice
yesyesrdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection
nonodsk/ccardttargetddevice
noyesdsk/ccardttargetddevicessection



instr0


















-a address 

The HP-IB instrument address (0-30). Cannot be used with the -t option.

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics). Cannot be used with the -a option.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the arguments -a and -t:

























-a-tSpecial File Name
nonohpib/ccard
noyesdiag/hpib/ccard
yesnohpib/ccardttargetdaddress



hil






  • Note that only one of -a, -k, or -r is allowed.






















-a address 

The link address (1-7).

-k 

Cooked keyboard.

-n 

The hil controller device.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the -a, -k, and -r options:




















OptionSpecial File Name
-ahil_card.address
-khilkbd_card
-rrhil_card


Note the underscore (_) before card. Also note that for card 0, each file will be linked to a simpler name without _card, either hiladdress, hilkbd, or rhil.



lan0 lan1 lan2 lan3






  • Note that only one of -e or -i is allowed.






















-e 

Ethernet protocol.

-i 

IEEE 802.3 protocol.

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the -e, -i, and -t options:





























Option-tSpecial File Name
-enoethercard
-eyesdiag/ethercard
-inolancard
-iyesdiag/lancard



lantty0














-e 

Exclusive access.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -e option is used:

















-eSpecial File Name
nolanttycard
yesdiag/lanttycard



lpr0 lpr1 lpr2 lpr3






































-c 

Capital letters. Convert all output to uppercase.

-e 

Eject page after paper-out recovery.

-n 

No form-feed.

-o 

Old paper-out behavior (abort job).

-r 

Raw.

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

-w 

No wait. Don't retry errors on open.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r option is used:

















-rSpecial File Name
noccardttargetddevice_lp
yesccardttargetddevice_rlp



mux0 mux2 mux4 eisa_mux0 pci_mux0






































-a access-mode 

Port access mode (0-2). The default access mode is 0 (Direct connect). The access-mode meanings are:




















access-modePort Operation
0Direct connect
1Dial out modem
2Dial in modem

-c 

CCITT.

-f 

Hardware flow control (RTS/CTS).

-i 

Modem dialer. Cannot be used with -l.

-l 

Line printer. Cannot be used with -i.

-p port 

Multiplexer port number (0-15 for mux0 and mux2; 0-1 for mux4; a1 - a16, b1 - b16, c1 - c16 & etc for the eisa_mux0 or pci_mux0). Some MUX cards controlled by a particular driver have fewer than the maximum supported ports.

-t 

Transparent mode (normally used by diagnostics).

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the access-mode and whether the -i and -l options are used. The term "card" below refers to the Instance number of the mux card.








































access-mode-i-lSpecial File Name
--noyesccardpport_lp
2nonottydcardpport
1nonoculcardpport
0yesnocuacardpport
0nonottycardpport



pflop sflop














-r 

Raw; create character, not block, special file.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on whether the -r option is used:

















-rSpecial File Name
nofloppy/ccardttargetddevice
yesrfloppy/ccardttargetddevice



ps2






  • Note that only one of -a, or -p is allowed.


















-a auto_device 

Autosearch device. An auto_device value of 0 means first mouse; a value of 1 means first keyboard.

-p port 

PS2 port number.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the -a, and -p options:




















OptionSpecial File Name
-a 0ps2mouse
-a 1ps2kbd
-pps2_port


Note the underscore (_) before port.



SAS console ports See asio0.


scc1






























-a access-mode 

Port access mode (0-2). The default access mode is 0. The access-mode meanings are:




















access-modePort Operation
0Direct connect
1Dial out modem
2Dial in modem

-b 

Port B.

-c 

CCITT.

-i 

Modem dialer. Cannot be used with -l.

-l 

Line printer. Cannot be used with -i.

special-file  

The default special file name depends on the access-mode and whether the -i and -l options are used.








































access-mode-i-lSpecial File Name
--noyesccardpport_lp
2nonottydcardpport
1nonoculcardpport
0yesnocuacardpport
0nonottycardpport



schgr See autox0.


sdisk See disc4.


sflop See pflop.


stape


















































-a 

AT&T-style rewind/close.

-b bpi 

Bits per inch or tape density. The recognized values for bpi are: BEST, D1600, D3480, D3480C, D3590, D3590C, D6250, D6250C, D800, D8MM_8200, D8MM_8200C, D8MM_8500, D8MM_8500C, DDS1, DDS1C, DDS2, DDS2C, NOMOD, QIC_1000, QIC_11, QIC_120, QIC_1350, QIC_150, QIC_2100, QIC_24, QIC_2GB, QIC_525, QIC_5GB, DLT_42500_24, DLT_42500_56, DLT_62500_64, DLT_81633_64, DLT_62500_64C, DLT_81633_64C, or a decimal number density code.

-c [code] 

Compression with optional compression code. The optional decimal code is used to select a particular compression algorithm on drives that support more than one compression algorithm. This option must be specified at the end of an option string. See mt(7) for more details.

-e 

Exhaustive mode. This option allows the driver to experiment with multiple configuration values in an attempt to access the media. The default behavior is to use only the configuration specified.

-n 

No rewind on close.

-p 

Partition one.

-s [block-size] 

Fixed block size mode. If a numeric block-size is given, it is used for a fixed block size. If the -s option is used alone, a device-specific default fixed block size is used. This option must be specified at the end of an option string.

-u 

UC Berkeley-style rewind/close.

-w 

Wait (disable immediate reporting).

-x index 

Use the index value to access the tape device driver property table entry. Recognized values for index are decimal values in the range 0 to 30.

special-file  

Put all tape special files in the /dev/rmt directory. This is required for proper maintenance of the Tape Property Table (see mt(7)). Device files located outside the /dev/rmt directory may not provide consistent behavior across system reboots. The default special file names are dependent on the tape drive being accessed and the options specified. All default special files begin with rmt/ccardttargetddevice. See mt(7) for a complete description of the default special file naming scheme for tapes.



tape1 tape2


















































-a 

AT&T-style rewind/close.

-b bpi 

Bits per inch or tape density. The recognized values for bpi are: BEST, D1600, D3480, D3480C, D6250, D6250C, D800, D8MM_8200, D8MM_8200C, D8MM_8500, D8MM_8500C, DDS1, DDS1C, DDS2, DDS2C, NOMOD, QIC_1000, QIC_11, QIC_120, QIC_1350, QIC_150, QIC_2100, QIC_24, QIC_2GB, QIC_525, QIC_5GB, DLT_42500_24, DLT_42500_56, DLT_62500_64, DLT_81633_64, DLT_62500_64C, DLT_81633_64C, or a decimal number density code.

-c [code] 

Compression with optional compression code. The optional decimal code is used to select a particular compression algorithm on drives that support more than one compression algorithm. This option must be specified at the end of an option string. See mt(7) for more details.

-n 

No rewind on close.

-o 

Console messages disabled.

-t 

Transparent mode, normally used by diagnostics.

-u 

UC Berkeley-style rewind/close.

-w 

Wait (disable immediate reporting).

-x index 

Use the index value to access the tape device driver property table entry. The recognized values for index are decimal values in the range 0 to 30.

-z 

RTE compatible close.

special-file  

Put all tape special files in the /dev/rmt directory. This is required for proper maintenance of the Tape Property Table (see mt(7)). Device files located outside the /dev/rmt directory may not provide consistent behavior across system reboots. The default special file names are dependent on the tape drive being accessed and the options specified. All default special files begin with rmt/ccardttargetddevice. See mt(7) for a complete description of the default special file naming scheme for tapes.




RETURN VALUE


mksf exits with one of the following values:














0 

Successful completion.

1 

Failure. An error occurred.




DIAGNOSTICS


Most of the diagnostic messages from mksf are self-explanatory. Listed below are some messages deserving further clarification. Errors cause mksf to abort immediately.



Errors










































Ambiguous device specification
  


Matched more than one device in the system. Use some combination of the -d, -C, -H, and -I options to specify a unique device.

No such device in the system
  


No device in the system matched the options specified. Use ioscan to list the devices in the system (see ioscan(1M)).

Device driver name is not in the kernel
  

Device class name is not in the kernel
  


The indicated device driver or device class is not present in the kernel. Add the appropriate device driver and/or device class to the config input file and generate a new kernel (see config(1M)).

Device has no instance number
  


The specified device has not been assigned an instance number. Use ioscan to assign an instance to the device.

Directory directory doesn't exist
  


The directory argument of the -D option doesn't exist. Use mkdir to create the directory (see mkdir(1)).




EXAMPLES


Make a special file named /dev/printer for the line printer device associated with instance number 2.



mksf -C printer -I 2 /dev/printer 


Make a special file, using the default naming convention, for the tape device at hardware path 8.4.1. The driver-specific options specify 1600 bits per inch and no rewind on close.



mksf -C tape -H 8.4.1 -b D1600 -n 



WARNINGS


Many commands and subsystems assume their device files are in /dev; therefore, the use of the -D option is discouraged.



AUTHOR


mksf was developed by HP.



FILES














/dev/config 

I/O system special file

/etc/mtconfig 

Tape driver property table database



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