执行sqlplus等命令无反应

环境说明

Oracle 19.10.0.0 的测试环境。

现象

数据库关闭，执行sqlplus、rman等命令，无反应，也不提示命令错误。

oracle@ftest7:/home/oracle $sqlplus

oracle@ftest7:/home/oracle $rman

oracle@ftest7:/home/oracle $rma

bash: rma: command not found...

问题分析

检查sqlplus, rman路径，发现路径没有问题

oracle@ftest7:/home/oracle $which rman

/oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/bin/rman

检查对应执行文件，发现文件大小为0

oracle@ftest7:/oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/bin $./sqlplus

oracle@ftest7:/oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/bin $ldd sqlplus

not a dynamic executable

oracle@ftest7:/oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/bin $ll sqlplus

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 sqlplus

oracle@ftest7:/oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/bin $ll -sh sqlplus

0 -rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 sqlplus

再次检查bin目录下所有文件，发现许多文件大小都为0

oracle@ftest7:/oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/bin $ls -lrth *|sort

lrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 24 Feb 19 13:54 lbuilder -> ../nls/lbuilder/lbuilder

lrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 70 Mar 30 2022 tfactl -> /oracle/app/product/19.10.0.0/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/bin/tfact

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 adrci

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 agtctl

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 amdu

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ctxkbtc

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ctxlc

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ctxload

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 cursize

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dbfsize

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dbv

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dg4odbc

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dg4pwd

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dgmgrl

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 drdactl

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 drdalsnr

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 drdaproc

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dsml2ldif

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 dumpsga

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 exp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 expdp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 extproc

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 hsalloci

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 hsdepxa

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 hsots

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 imp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 impdp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 kfed

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 kgmgr

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapadd

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapaddmt

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapbind

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapcompare

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapdelete

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapmoddn

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapmodify

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapmodifymt

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 ldapsearch

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 loadpsp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 lsnrctl

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 mapsga

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 maxmem

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 mkpatch

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 nid

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 okdstry

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 okinit

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 oklist

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 oputil

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 oracle

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 orapwd

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 orion

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 plshprof

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 rawutl

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 rawutl0

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 renamedg

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 rman

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 sbttest

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 skgxpinfo

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 sqlldr

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 sqlplus

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 sysresv

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 tkprof

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 tnslsnr

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 tnsping

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 trcldr

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 trcroute

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 tstshm

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 uidrvci

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 wrap

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Apr 18 2019 wrc

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 14 2014 tnnfg

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1000 Jun 20 2016 afdroot

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1001 Jun 20 2016 olfscmd

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1007 Jun 20 2016 olfsroot

由此可知执行文件被清空导致执行该命令时没有反应，但因为该命令确实存在，也就不报错，类似于执行了一个空脚本。

解决办法

这里不知道具体有多少文件被清空了，所以先尝试使用相同版本的执行文件覆盖这些空文件，看是否能正常执行。

从其他正常的同版本数据库拷贝相同的执行文件，覆盖掉空文件后执行正常。

再次执行sqlplus，发现可以正常执行了，也可以启动数据库了