作者：IT邦德  
中国DBA联盟(ACDU)成员，10余年DBA工作经验，  
Oracle、PostgreSQL ACE  
CSDN博客专家及B站知名UP主，全网粉丝10万+  
擅长主流Oracle、MySQL、PG、  
高斯及Greenplum备份恢复，  
安装迁移，性能优化、故障应急处理  
  
微信:jem\_db  
QQ交流群:587159446  
公众号：IT邦德  

文章目录

• 前言
• 1.重建控制文件文本
• 2.启动单节点
• 3.重建控制文件
• 4.启动数据库
• 5.备份控制文件

前言

今天这里小编大家介绍一下无备份，控制文件丢失，如何恢复Oracle RAC.

1.重建控制文件文本

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 192
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 1024
MAXINSTANCES 32
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+data/rac/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '+data/rac/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '+data/rac/redo03.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 4 '+data/rac/redo04.log' SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'+data/rac/system01.dbf',
'+data/rac/undotbs01.dbf',
'+data/rac/sysaux01.dbf',
'+data/rac/undotbs02.dbf',
'+data/rac/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET UTF8
RECOVER DATABASE
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+data/rac/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 167772160 REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;
RECOVER DATABASE
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

2.启动单节点

确保在实例1到nomount阶段，并保证在实例1执行

startup nomount
alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;
shutdown

3.重建控制文件

sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> @create_control.sql

这一步一定记住要备份数据文件和当前的在线日志

4.启动数据库

--修改参数，将单节点变为集群
SQL>  alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate

--重新启动集群
$ srvctl start database -d orcl
$ srvctl status database -d orcl

5.备份控制文件

alter database backup controlfile to trace noresetlogs;

6.开归档备份数据库

1.创建目录
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/dbbak/script
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ cd /u01/dbbak
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall script

[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/dbbak/db
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/dbbak/arch
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ cd /u01/dbbak
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall db
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall arch

2.编辑脚本
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ vi /u01/dbbak/script/rman_full.sh

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=prod
dt=`date '+%Y%m%d_%H%M%S'`
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target / cmdfile=/u01/dbbak/script/backup.sh log=/u01/dbbak/log/log_$dt.log append


[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ vi /u01/dbbak/script/backup.sh

run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;   
allocate channel c2 type disk;   
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate channel c4 type disk;
backup as compressed backupset database format '/u01/dbbak/db/DB%U.bkp' plus archivelog format '/u01/dbbak/arch/ARCH%U.bkp' delete all input;
release channel c1;  
release channel c2;  
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
report obsolete;
crosscheck copy;
crosscheck archivelog all;
delete noprompt obsolete;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
}
quit;
EOF

3.脚本授权
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ chmod 775 /u01/dbbak/script/backup.sh
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ chmod 775 /u01/dbbak/script/rman_full.sh

4.定时任务
crontab -e 为编辑窗口

[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ crontab -l
0 2 * * * /u01/dbbak/script/rman_full.sh

5.备份策略
[oracle@OEL7 ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> show all;
--备份策略调整，备份保留7天
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;