vertica11.0.1单点安装_ubuntu20.04

原创董小姐 2024-08-07

185

ubuntu的软件包格式为deb，而rpm格式的包归属于红帽子Red Hat。

注意：ubuntu20.04不支持vertica9.3版本。

本文安装介质：vertica_11.0.1-2_amd64.deb。

安装前准备

系统环境准备

查看操作系统版本

root@vertica01:~# cat /etc/*-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="20.04.2 LTS (Focal Fossa)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS"
VERSION_ID="20.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=focal
UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal

操作系统主机命名

hostnamectl set-hostname vertica01

配置/etc/host

配置/etc/hosts，具体命令如下：

cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts_bak_`date +%F`
cat >>/etc/hosts<<EOF
172.16.0.7          vertica01
EOF

--验证
ping vertica01

注意，/etc/hosts中的ip地址必须是网卡ip地址，不让后面安装vertica软件报错。

卸载已安装的vertica版本

--查看已安装的vertica版本
root@vertica01:/topsoft/soft# dpkg -l | grep vertica
ii  vertica                               11.0.1-2                          amd64        Vertica High Performance Database                                       amd64        Vertica High Performance Database

--卸载
dpkg -r vertica

上传介质

上传vertica_11.0.1-2_amd64.deb安装包至/opt

安装依赖包

若在线包里没有，在Focal (20.04) : Ubuntu (launchpad.net)下载相应的依赖包然后dpkg -i安装


apt-get install  openssh-server  #若已安装跳过
apt-get install which   #不安装也没事
apt-get install dialog  #若在线安装显示没有该包则下载
apt install rasdaemon
apt install sysstat

dpkg -i dialog_1.3-20171209-1_amd64.deb

--查看已安装安装包
root@vertica01:/topsoft/soft# dpkg -l | grep openssh
ii  openssh-client                         1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3                              amd64        secure shell (SSH) client, for secure access to remote machines
ii  openssh-server                         1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3                              amd64        secure shell (SSH) server, for secure access from remote machines
ii  openssh-sftp-server                    1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3                              amd64        secure shell (SSH) sftp server module, for SFTP access from remote machines

配置ntp服务

20.04依赖包下载地址：Focal (20.04) : Ubuntu (launchpad.net)

--在线安装
apt install ntp

---离线安装  
dpkg -i libopts25_5.18.16-3_amd64.deb
dpkg -i ntp_4.2.8p12+dfsg-3ubuntu4_amd64.deb   默认一路回车

--查看状态
systemctl status ntp

修改磁盘调度

查看磁盘调度

cat /sys/block/vda/queue/scheduler

修改 GRUB 的配置文件，重启生效

vi /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"  修改为
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash elevator=deadline"

修改磁盘预读

--修改磁盘预读
/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1

--查看磁盘预读
/sbin/blockdev --getra /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1

防火墙配置

默认防火墙是关闭状态

sudo ufw disable #禁用

如果启用防火墙需进行如下配置：

如果数据库端口和ssh端口不是3306和22，需视情况更改

sudo ufw enable #开启防火墙
sudo ufw allow 5433/tcp #仅tcp
sudo ufw allow 22/tcp #仅tcp

关闭selinux

Ubuntu 默认未安装SELinux，省略设置。

root@HKSZF-ZW-172-19-146-175:/etc/selinux# getenforce
Command 'getenforce' not found, but can be installed with:
apt install selinux-utils

修改内核参数

echo 'vm.swappiness=0' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

设置dbadmin用户的环境限制参数

cp  /etc/security/limits.conf   /etc/security/limits.conf_bak_`date %F`
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << "EOF"
#add by vertica
dbadmin    soft    nproc    65536
dbadmin    hard    nproc    65536
dbadmin    soft    nofile    65536
dbadmin    hard    nofile    65536
dbadmin    soft    stack    65536
dbadmin    hard    stack    65536
EOF

加入开机启动

ubuntu20.4不再使用 inited 管理系统，改用 systemd，但是可以自己配置rc.local

1.实现原理

systemd 默认会读取 /etc/systemd/system 下的配置文件，该目录下的文件会链接 /lib/systemd/system/ 下的文件。一般系统安装完 /lib/systemd/system/ 下会有 rc-local.service 文件，即需要的配置文件。

2.将 /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service 链接到 /etc/systemd/system/ 目录下面

	ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service

修改文件内容

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service

在文件末尾增加

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service

创建/etc/rc.local文件

sudo touch /etc/rc.local

编辑/etc/rc.local文件

把以下模块加载为开机启动，如下

echo '
echo deadline > /sys/block/vdb/queue/scheduler
/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1
'  >> /etc/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.local

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782149/article/details/89001226

cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf_bak_`date +%F`
echo "fs.file-max = 65536" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
echo "vm.min_free_kbytes=4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
sysctl -p
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
加上下面三行，sda切换为实际的，可以df -hT看下挂载的硬盘
echo deadline > /sys/block/vda/queue/scheduler 
echo deadline > /dev/sda
/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/vda
sed -i '/^#LoginGraceTime/c LoginGraceTime 0'  /etc/ssh/sshd_config

配置离线本地仓库

上传ubuntu-20.04.2-server-amd64.iso至/root

1、查操作系统版本

root@vertica01:/home# cat /etc/*-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="20.04.2 LTS (Focal Fossa)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS"
VERSION_ID="20.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=focal
UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal

2、原文件备份

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak_`date +%F`

3、挂载

--创建挂载目录
mkdir -p /media/cdrom

--挂载至/media/cdrom
mount -t iso9660 -o loop /root/ubuntu-20.04.2-server-amd64.iso /media/cdrom

--向source.list中添加一个新的光盘源文件
apt-cdrom -m -d /media/cdrom add

--更新软件源
apt-get update

创建用户

--创建用户组
sudo groupadd -g 1006 verticadba

--创建新用户
useradd -u 1006 dbadmin -s /bin/bash -r -m -g  verticadba -G verticadba 

--更改密码
sudo passwd dbadmin

参数说明：
-r：建立系统账号
-m：自动建立用户的登入目录
-s：指定用户登入后所使用的shell

设置时区

cp /home/dbadmin/.bashrc /home/dbadmin/.bashrc_bak_`date +%F`
echo "#add by vertica" >>  /home/dbadmin/.bashrc
echo "export TZ=Asia/Shanghai" >>  /home/dbadmin/.bashrc

创建目录

mkdir -p /topsoft/vertica
chown -R dbadmin:verticadba  /topsoft/vertica
chown -R dbadmin:verticadba /home/dbadmin/

安装vertica软件

--安装vertica包
cd /opt
dpkg -i vertica_11.0.1-2_amd64.deb

--安装vertica软件
cd /opt
/opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --failure-threshold NONE --host 172.16.0.7 -u dbadmin -l /home/dbadmin -d /topsoft/vertica

参数说明：
--data-dir DIR, -d DIR 
--failure-threshold {HINT,WARN,FAIL,HALT,NONE}
                        Stop installation for any failures of this severity or
                        worse (default: WARN)

  --dba-user-home DIR, -l DIR
                        The DBA system user home. (default: /home/<DBA>)

  --dba-user USER, -u USER
                        The DBA system user name. (default: dbadmin)

  --hosts HOST,HOST..., -s HOST,HOST...
                        A comma-separated list of hosts to install or update


  --rpm FILE, -r FILE, --deb FILE
                        The software package to install. Either an RPM or
                        Debian package.

详细过程如下：

root@vertica01:/opt# /opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --failure-threshold NONE --host 172.16.0.7 -u dbadmin -l /home/dbadmin -d /topsoft/vertica
Vertica Analytic Database 11.0.1-2 Installation Tool


>> Validating options...


Mapping hostnames in --hosts (-s) to addresses...

>> Starting installation tasks.
>> Getting system information for cluster (this may take a while)...

Default shell on nodes:
172.16.0.7 /bin/bash

>> Validating software versions (rpm or deb)...


>> Beginning new cluster creation...

successfully backed up admintools.conf on 172.16.0.7

>> Creating or validating DB Admin user/group...

Successful on hosts (1): 172.16.0.7
    Provided DB Admin account details: user = dbadmin, group = verticadba, home = /home/dbadmin
    Creating group... Group already exists
    Validating group... Okay
    Creating user... User already exists
    Validating user... Okay


>> Validating node and cluster prerequisites...

Skipping prerequisite checks because no hosts are being added

>> Establishing DB Admin SSH connectivity...

Installing/Repairing SSH keys for dbadmin


>> Setting up each node and modifying cluster...

Creating Vertica Data Directory...

Updating agent...

>> Sending new cluster configuration to all nodes...

Starting or restarting agent...

>> Completing installation...

Running upgrade logic
Installation complete.

Please evaluate your hardware using Vertica's validation tools:
    https://www.vertica.com/docs/11.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=VALSCRIPT

To create a database:
  1. Logout and login as dbadmin. (see note below)
  2. Run /opt/vertica/bin/adminTools as dbadmin
  3. Select Create Database from the Configuration Menu

  Note: Installation may have made configuration changes to dbadmin
  that do not take effect until the next session (logout and login).

To add or remove hosts, select Cluster Management from the Advanced Menu.

问题处理

Error: cannot find which cluster host is the local host.

--问题描述
root@vertica01:/opt# /opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --failure-threshold NONE --host 172.16.0.7 -u dbadmin -l /home/dbadmin -d /topsoft/vertica
.......
Mapping hostnames in --hosts (-s) to addresses...
Error: cannot find which cluster host is the local host.
Hint: Is this node in the cluster? Did its IP address change?
Installation FAILED with errors.

Installation stopped before any changes were made.

--问题原因
云服务器映射的外网ip

--解决办法
将ip更改成服务器网卡ip即可

创建数据库

su - dbadmin
/opt/vertica/bin/adminTools

(1)提示输入License File Path时，因为社区版是免费的，按Tab键选中“OK”，回车

(2)Accept EULA，按空格键选中Accept，回车

(3)按上下键选择Configuration Menu，回车
(4)选择Create Database，回车
(5)输入Database Name
(6)输入密码和确认密码
(7)选择主机IP，因为是单节点安装，直接选择默认的那个IP
(8)确认数据实例安装目录，根据自己喜好，或者直接用默认的/home/dbadmin

开机自启

[dbadmin@localhost ~]$ /opt/vertica/bin/adminTools

Configuration Menu–>Set Restart Policy，按空格键选中创建的数据库，选中always，OK

问题处理

安装vertica软件时报错

HINT的错误可以忽略，FAIL的错误必须处理。

执行上一步后若出现如下错误（提示有错误的话一定要把FAIL的地方解决）：

Prerequisites not fully met during local (OS) configuration for
verify-192.168.40.190.xml:
    Fail : User shell is not bash (found /bin/sh)
    Hint : Alter system user with usermod
    Help : https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0240
    HINT (S0231): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0231
        HINT(eS0231): dbadmin user ('dbadmin') primary group is not verticadba      111
        ('verticadba')
解决办法：
root@ubuntu:/etc/apt# usermod -g verticadba -G verticadba dbadmin
root@ubuntu:/etc/apt# id dbadmin
uid=1006(dbadmin) gid=1006(verticadba) groups=1006(verticadba)

        
    HINT (S0305): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0305
        HINT(eS0305): TZ is unset for dbadmin. Consider updating .profile or        111
        .bashrc
解决办法：
echo "export TZ=Asia/Shanghai" >> /home/dbadmin/.bash_profile
        
    HINT (S0041): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0041
        HINT(eS0041): Could not find the following tools normally provided by
        the rasdaemon package: rasdaemon
解决办法：apt install rasdaemon
        
    HINT (S0040): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0040
        HINT(eS0040): Could not find the following tools normally provided by
        the pstack or gstack package: pstack/gstack
解决办法：apt install pstack

        
    HINT (S0045): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0045
        HINT(eS0045): Could not find the following tools normally provided by
        the sysstat package: iostat, mpstat
解决办法：apt install sysstat
        
    WARN (N0010): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=N0010
        WARN(eN0010): Linux iptables (firewall) has some non-trivial rules in
        tables: filter
解决办法：sudo ufw disable
         sudo ufw status

        
    WARN (S0112): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0112
        WARN(eS0112): vm.swappiness is higher than recommended: your 60 > 1
解决办法：
echo 'vm.swappiness=0' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

        
    FAIL (S0020): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0020
        FAIL(eS0020): Readahead size of  (/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root) is too
        low for typical systems: 256 < 2048
解决办法：/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root   #修改磁盘预读
         /sbin/blockdev --getra  /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root  #查看磁盘预读

    
    FAIL (S0180): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0180
        FAIL(eS0180): Insufficient swap size. Need 2.00 GB, have 0.95 GB
更改swap大小
        
    FAIL (S0030): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0030
        FAIL(eS0030): ntp daemon process is not running: ['ntpd', 'ntp',
        'chronyd']
配置ntp
        
    FAIL (S0020): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0020
        FAIL(eS0020): Readahead size of  (/dev/mapper/vgdb-lvdb) is too low for
        typical systems: 256 < 2048
解决办法：/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/mapper/vgdb-lvdb   #修改磁盘预读
         /sbin/blockdev --getra  /dev/mapper/vgdb-lvdb  #查看磁盘预读

登录数据库提示Command 'vsql' not found

问题描述

登录数据库提示如下报错：

--
dbadmin@vertica01:/topsoft$ vsql -U dbadmin -W 

Command 'vsql' not found, did you mean:

  command 'sql' from deb parallel
  command 'tsql' from deb freetds-bin
  command 'psql' from deb postgresql-client-common
  command 'isql' from deb unixodbc
  command 'osql' from deb freetds-bin
  command 'asql' from deb asql

Try: apt install <deb name>

解决办法

配置用户环境变量

--查找命令位置
dbadmin@vertica01:/topsoft$ whereis vsql
vsql: /opt/vertica/bin/vsql /usr/share/man/man1/vsql.1

--配置环境变量
cp /home/dbadmin/.bashrc  /home/dbadmin/.bashrc_bak_`date +%F`
cat >> /home/dbadmin/.bashrc << "EOF"
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/vertica/bin
EOF

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vertica11.0.1单点安装_ubuntu20.04

安装前准备

系统环境准备

查看操作系统版本

操作系统主机命名

配置/etc/host

卸载已安装的vertica版本

上传介质

安装依赖包

配置ntp服务

修改磁盘调度

修改磁盘预读

防火墙配置

关闭selinux

修改内核参数

设置dbadmin用户的环境限制参数

加入开机启动

配置离线本地仓库

创建用户

设置时区

创建目录

安装vertica软件

问题处理

Error: cannot find which cluster host is the local host.

创建数据库

开机自启

问题处理

安装vertica软件时报错

登录数据库提示Command 'vsql' not found

问题描述

解决办法

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