springcloud netflix ribbon 使用

李二狗搞程序 2021-08-04

1631

<!--添加ribbon的依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>

再要使用的 studyuser 工程下添加配置类，引入 @LoadBalanced

@Configuration
public class RestConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

对应studyuser 工程进行调用使用

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Slf4j
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
 @GetMapping("/findOrderByUserId/{id}")
public R findOrderByUserId(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
    // 添加@LoadBalanced
    String url = "http://order-server/order/findOrderByUserId/" + id;
    R result = restTemplate.getForObject(url, R.class);
    return result
 }
}

返回数据是该用户的订单信息

Spring Cloud Ribbon是基于Netflix Ribbon 实现的一套客户端的负载均衡工具，Ribbon客户端组件提供一系列的完善的配置，如超时，重试等。通过Load Balancer获取到服务提供的所有机器实例，Ribbon会自动基于某种规则(轮询，随机)去调用这些服务。Ribbon也可以实现我们自己的负载均衡算法。

ribbon 其他配置

修改默认负载均衡策略

ribbon 负载均衡策略配置

在 studyuser 项目添加如下配置

package com.jiuge.user.config;


import com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosRule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class RibbonConfig {
    /**
     * 全局配置
     * 指定负载均衡策略
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public NacosRule IRule(){
        // 指定使用Nacos提供的负载均衡策略（优先调用同一集群的实例，基于随机权重）
        return new NacosRule();
    }
}

在 yml 里面加上

order-server:
  ribbon:
    # 指定使用Nacos提供的负载均衡策略（优先调用同一集群的实例，基于随机&权重）
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosRule

启动服务测试下

会出现如下输出

2021-08-04 10:32:03.002  INFO 12764 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer  : Client: order-server instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2021-08-04 10:32:03.012  INFO 12764 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2021-08-04 10:32:03.054  INFO 12764 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client order-server initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[192.168.2.73:8020],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {unknown=[Zone:unknown;  Instance count:1;  Active connections count: 0;  Circuit breaker tripped count: 0;  Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:192.168.2.73:8020;  Zone:UNKNOWN;  Total Requests:0;  Successive connection failure:0;  Total blackout seconds:0;  Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970;  First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970;  Active Connections:0;  total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0;  average resp time:0.0;  90 percentile resp time:0.0;  95 percentile resp time:0.0;  min resp time:0.0;  max resp time:0.0;  stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosServerList@1cd5336d

说明配置生效。

自定义负载均衡

在 studyuser 项目中添加自定义类 NacosRandomWithWeightRule 继承 AbstractLoadBalancerRule

package com.jiuge.user.rule;


import com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.NacosDiscoveryProperties;
import com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosServer;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.naming.NamingService;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.naming.pojo.Instance;
import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.AbstractLoadBalancerRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;


/**
 * @author jiuge
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2021/8/4 10:34
 */
@Slf4j
public class NacosRandomWithWeightRule extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule {
    @Autowired
    private NacosDiscoveryProperties nacosDiscoveryProperties;


    @Override
    public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig iClientConfig) {


    }




    @Override
    public Server choose(Object o) {
        DynamicServerListLoadBalancer loadBalancer = (DynamicServerListLoadBalancer) getLoadBalancer();
        String serviceName = loadBalancer.getName();
        log.info("serviceName == {}", serviceName);
        NamingService namingService = nacosDiscoveryProperties.namingServiceInstance();


        try {
            // nacos 基于权重的算法
            Instance instance = namingService.selectOneHealthyInstance(serviceName);
            return new NacosServer(instance);
        } catch (NacosException e) {
            log.error("获取服务实例异常：{}", e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

修改rule config配置bean

@Bean
public IRule ribbonRule(){
     return new NacosRandomWithWeightRule();
}

修改yml 中定义的负载均衡类

order-server:
  ribbon:
    # 指定使用Nacos提供的负载均衡策略（优先调用同一集群的实例，基于随机&权重）
    # NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosRule
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.jiuge.user.rule.NacosRandomWithWeightRule

输出的结果为

2021-08-04 10:52:13.886  INFO 8036 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.jiuge.user.controller.UserController   : 根据userId:1查询订单信息
2021-08-04 10:52:14.236  INFO 8036 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer  : Client: order-server instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2021-08-04 10:52:14.246  INFO 8036 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2021-08-04 10:52:14.283  INFO 8036 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client order-server initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[192.168.2.73:8020],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {unknown=[Zone:unknown;  Instance count:1;  Active connections count: 0;  Circuit breaker tripped count: 0;  Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:192.168.2.73:8020;  Zone:UNKNOWN;  Total Requests:0;  Successive connection failure:0;  Total blackout seconds:0;  Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970;  First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970;  Active Connections:0;  total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0;  average resp time:0.0;  90 percentile resp time:0.0;  95 percentile resp time:0.0;  min resp time:0.0;  max resp time:0.0;  stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosServerList@6bf1a891
2021-08-04 10:52:14.311  INFO 8036 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.j.user.rule.NacosRandomWithWeightRule  : serviceName == order-server

说明配置生效

饥饿加载

在进行服务调用的时候，如果网络情况不好，第一次调用会超时。

Ribbon默认懒加载，意味着只有在发起调用的时候才会创建客户端。

微服务上开启饥饿加载

ribbon:
  eager-load:
    # 配置order-server使用ribbon饥饿加载，多个使用逗号分隔
    clients: order-server
    # 开启ribbon饥饿加载
    enabled: true

测试接口，第一次是稍微反应快点了

2021-08-04 11:04:09.032  INFO 2944 --- [n(1)-13.13.0.80] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-08-04 11:04:09.033  INFO 2944 --- [n(1)-13.13.0.80] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-08-04 11:04:09.055  INFO 2944 --- [n(1)-13.13.0.80] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 22 ms
2021-08-04 11:04:40.622  INFO 2944 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.jiuge.user.controller.UserController   : 根据userId:2查询订单信息
2021-08-04 11:04:40.663  INFO 2944 --- [nio-8010-exec-1] c.j.user.rule.NacosRandomWithWeightRule  : serviceName == order-server

数据库

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springcloud netflix ribbon 使用

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