Linux 服务器下安装与配置Samba服务【测试成功】

巴韭特锁螺丝 2024-09-10

195

一、基础概念

Samba是一种实现SMB（Server Messages Block，信息服务块）协议的开源软件，主要用于Samba是一种实现SMB（Server Messages Block，信息服务块）协议的开源软件，主要用于在Linux和Windows之间进行文件和打印机等资源的共享。它是基于Client/Server型的协议，允许Linux系统的文件和打印服务与Windows用户进行资源共享。Samba的核心守护进程是smbd和nmbd。

二、需求场景

Samba服务端：192.168.1.132 Centos 8.8系统

三、Samba服务端配置

1、服务安装

yum -y install samba samba-client

systemctl start smb nmb

systemctl status smb nmb

systemctl enable smb nmb

ps -ef | grep -E 'smb|nmb'

netstat -tunlp | grep -E 'smbd|nmbd'

[root@Master storage]# systemctl status smb nmb
● smb.service - Samba SMB Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-01-05 15:52:35 CST; 14min ago
     Docs: man:smbd(8)
           man:samba(7)
           man:smb.conf(5)
 Main PID: 62713 (smbd)
   Status: "smbd: ready to serve connections..."
    Tasks: 4 (limit: 12150)
   Memory: 5.9M
   CGroup: /system.slice/smb.service
           ├─62713 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
           ├─62717 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
           ├─62718 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
           └─63306 /usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group


1月 05 15:52:35 Master systemd[1]: Starting Samba SMB Daemon...
1月 05 15:52:35 Master smbd[62713]: [2024/01/05 15:52:35.037273,  0] ../../source3/smbd/server.c:1741(main)
1月 05 15:52:35 Master smbd[62713]:   smbd version 4.17.5 started.
1月 05 15:52:35 Master smbd[62713]:   Copyright Andrew Tridgell and the Samba Team 1992-2022
1月 05 15:52:35 Master systemd[1]: Started Samba SMB Daemon.


● nmb.service - Samba NMB Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nmb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-01-05 15:52:35 CST; 14min ago
     Docs: man:nmbd(8)
           man:samba(7)
           man:smb.conf(5)


[root@Master storage]# ps -ef | grep -E 'smb|nmb'
root       62713       1  0 15:52 ?        00:00:00 usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
root       62715       1  0 15:52 ?        00:00:00 usr/sbin/nmbd --foreground --no-process-group
root       62717   62713  0 15:52 ?        00:00:00 usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
root       62718   62713  0 15:52 ?        00:00:00 usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
root       63306   62713  0 15:59 ?        00:00:00 usr/sbin/smbd --foreground --no-process-group
root       63956   63855  0 16:07 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E smb|nmb
[root@Master storage]# netstat -tunlp | grep -E 'smbd|nmbd'
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:445             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      62713/smbd          
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:139             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      62713/smbd          
tcp6       0      0 :::445                  :::*                    LISTEN      62713/smbd          
tcp6       0      0 :::139                  :::*                    LISTEN      62713/smbd          
udp        0      0 172.17.255.255:137      0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.17.0.1:137          0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.18.255.255:137      0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.18.0.1:137          0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 192.168.1.255:137       0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 192.168.1.132:137       0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:137             0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.17.255.255:138      0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.17.0.1:138          0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.18.255.255:138      0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 172.18.0.1:138          0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 192.168.1.255:138       0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 192.168.1.132:138       0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd          
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:138             0.0.0.0:*                           62715/nmbd

2、创建用户与目录

mkdir -p storage/shared
useradd -s sbin/nologin admin
useradd -g admin -s sbin/nologin user
smbpasswd -a admin
smbpasswd -a user

3、设置目录权限属性

cd /storage/
ls
chown admin.admin shared
chmod -R 777 shared

4、修改服务配置文件

vi etc/samba/smb.conf

[global]
    workgroup = SC.LOCAL
    server string = Samba Server Version %v
    netbios name = Linuxidc-Server
    log file = var/log/samba/%m.log
    max log size = 10240
    security = user
    passdb backend = tdbsam


[shared]
    # 共享文件目录描述
    comment = Shared Directories
    # 共享文件目录
    path = storage/shared/
    # 是否允许guest访问
    public = no
    # 指定管理用户
    admin users = admin
    # 可访问的用户组、用户
    valid users = @admin
    # 是否浏览权限
    browseable = yes
    # 是否可写权限
    writable = yes
    # 文件权限设置
    create mask = 0777
    directory mask = 0777
    force directory mode = 0777
    force create mode = 0777

5、重启服务、确认防火墙都已放行、SeLinux处于放行状态

  systemctl restart smb nmb

6、服务验证

smbstatus

[root@Master storage]# smbstatus


Samba version 4.17.5
PID     Username     Group        Machine                                   Protocol Version  Encryption           Signing              
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
66086   admin        admin        192.168.1.139 (ipv4:192.168.1.139:36756)  SMB3_11           -                    partial(AES-128-CMAC)


Service      pid     Machine       Connected at                     Encryption   Signing     
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
shared       66086   192.168.1.139 五 1月  5 16时36分18秒 2024 CST -            -           


No locked files

二、Samba客户端连接测试

1、安装客户端工具

yum install samba-client

2、连接测试

smbclient //192.168.1.132/shared -U admin
然后输入密码进入
-U  指定用户名
/shared   共享模块

3、下载文件测试

下载： get 文件名

[root@Node47 dc]# smbclient //192.168.1.132/shared -U admin
Enter SAMBA\admin's password: 
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> get
get <filename> [localname]
smb: \> get 1
getting file \1 of size 0 as 1 (0.0 KiloBytes/sec) (average 0.0 KiloBytes/sec)

上传：put 文件名

[root@Node47 dc]# smbclient //192.168.1.132/shared -U admin
Enter SAMBA\admin's password: 
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> put 2
2 does not exist
smb: \> put 2
2/     2.txt  
smb: \> put 2.txt 
putting file 2.txt as \2.txt (5.2 kb/s) (average 5.2 kb/s)

多个上传： mput *

[root@Node47 dc]# smbclient //192.168.1.132/shared -U admin
Enter SAMBA\admin's password: 
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> put 2
2 does not exist
smb: \> put 2
2/     2.txt  
smb: \> put 2.txt 
putting file 2.txt as \2.txt (5.2 kb/s) (average 5.2 kb/s)
smb: \> mput *
Put file 2.txt? y
putting file 2.txt as \2.txt (7.8 kb/s) (average 6.2 kb/s)
Put file 2? y
putting file 2 as \2 (0.0 kb/s) (average 5.2 kb/s)
Put file 1? y
putting file 1 as \1 (0.0 kb/s) (average 4.5 kb/s)

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Linux 服务器下安装与配置Samba服务【测试成功】

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