MySQL 8.0.20 | Install on RHEL 7.8

Nephilim 2020-06-03

不积跬步无以至千里。【荀子：劝学】

MySQL 8.0.20

MySQL，目前为止最新的版本为：8.0.20；

它的发布时间是：2020-04-27

它的意思是：

当前MySQL：

主版本号：8

次版本号：0

修订版本号：20

这个信息可以从Oracle官方的MySQL产品的release页获取，地址如下：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/8.0/en/

而关于MySQL数据库所支持的操作系统的信息可以通过下面的官方地址获取：

https://www.mysql.com/support/supportedplatforms/database.html

参考资料

本文参考Oracle官方的MySQL 8.0的安装手册，部署MySQL 8.0.20

我的实验环境为：RHEL 7.8

[root@mysql software]# cat etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.8 Beta (Maipo)
[root@mysql software]#

因此，我参考的官方文档也是Linux的安装手册

Oracle官方的MySQL手册的地址：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation.html

官方文档为英文；

这里，我会翻译为中文，并且在自己的环境中跟上每一步的详细命令及其反馈信息；

多种安装方式可以供选择

Linux支持使用多种方式安装MySQL；

但是，我们建议你选择Oracle发行版中的一个进行安装，可供选择的方案如下：

在这里，我选择【RPM Download a specific package】

RPM的安装包可以从官方的下载页下载：

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

在下载页中，选择你的操作系统【Red Hat Enterprise Linux Oracle Linux】

然后，选择你的操作系统的版本【Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)】

如下：

最后，下载上图中标注的【RPM Bundle】即可。

下载到本地后，上传要安装MySQL的服务器上：

可以通过Linux的【rz】命令执行上传：

先切换到希望将文件【上传到的目录】，然后执行【rz】命令：

【rz】命令，会在终端工具中打开一个文件选择窗口；

将你需要上传的文件，在上方的框体中找到后；

【Add】到下方的窗体；

然后，【Ok】就会关掉【rz】弹出的窗口，并且，在命令行中执行传输，如下所示：

当传输完成后，就可以看到，启动【rz】的时候所在的【当前目录】中，已经有了刚刚上传的文件：

[root@mysql software]# pwd
/software
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# ls -ltr
total 0
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer.  Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar...
  100%  815000 KB    14553 KB/sec    00:00:56       0 Errors  




[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# ls -ltr
total 815000
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 834560000 Jun  2 21:05 mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@mysql software]# du -sh *
796M    mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@mysql software]#

解压安装包：

[root@mysql software]# ls -ltr
total 815000
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 834560000 Jun  2 21:05 mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# ls -ltr
total 1630004
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  48822048 Mar 27 20:14 mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    623508 Mar 27 20:14 mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   8129988 Mar 27 20:14 mysql-community-devel-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  23599996 Mar 27 20:14 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   4667884 Mar 27 20:14 mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   1277128 Mar 27 20:14 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 512057468 Mar 27 20:15 mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 235369940 Mar 27 20:16 mysql-community-test-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  834560000 Jun  2 21:05 mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@mysql software]#

可以看到，解压出了很多【RPM】包；

关于这些【RPM】包的说明：

Oracle以双重授权（Dual Licensed）的方式发布MySQL；

如果你下载的是【GPL】的MySQL：

如果你下载的是【Enterprise 商业许可协议（Commercial License）】的MySQL：

制作YUM本地源

一、命令：createrepo

制作YUM源之前，先确保你的Linux安装了工具【createrepo】

[root@mysql software]# rpm -qa | grep createrepo
createrepo-0.9.9-28.el7.noarch
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# yum list | grep createrepo
global name 'warnOrGiveUsageMessage' is not defined
createrepo.noarch                       0.9.9-28.el7               @anaconda/7.8
[root@mysql software]#

如上，我安装了createrepo，并且是在Linux系统安装的时候自动安装的（因为@anaconda）

如果你的环境里没有createrepo，可以通过下面的命令进行安装：

yum install -y createrepo

二、制作YUM源

对前面的MySQL安装介质的解压目录执行YUM源的制作：

[root@mysql software]# pwd
/software
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# ls
mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# createrepo software/
Spawning worker 0 with 8 pkgs
Workers Finished
Saving Primary metadata
Saving file lists metadata
Saving other metadata
Generating sqlite DBs
Sqlite DBs complete
[root@mysql software]# 
[root@mysql software]# ls
mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
repodata
[root@mysql software]# ls -ltr repodata/
total 256
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3993 Jun  2 22:37 568657c8cd2ea7d517f173563894a85b905a275cdc415c8d20d004776fdcab9d-primary.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1643 Jun  2 22:37 b4d714eef8e7df8c3795205afcd49aca7f74030bee9848f6063135701df32299-other.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 125476 Jun  2 22:37 9d2b015d292b0a04d502f978fc37a103c321124a76e224e830ab79c2192ddc43-filelists.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3635 Jun  2 22:37 1971f8702ae5f3a80c854d0fdaa76a25132a39f1da93fe7bafb1b5a1aa37b2ce-other.sqlite.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 103431 Jun  2 22:37 998e1f4fac6da85f33bc85415d51d10be4e98c701f918dab0f3deb73c7de79b6-filelists.sqlite.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   2983 Jun  2 22:37 repomd.xml
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  11980 Jun  2 22:37 7afd16d37a0732ee0b4b26061803d720a1a6dfbbad9670c3816c078bd2f2ce29-primary.sqlite.bz2
[root@mysql software]#

如上，这样YUM源就制作好了。

三、将YUM源注册到当前Linux系统中

[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# pwd
/etc/yum.repos.d
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# 
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# ls -ltr
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 358 Jun  2 20:39 redhat.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  55 Jun  2 22:39 local.repo
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# 
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo 
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///software
gpgcheck=0
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]#

四、验证

[root@mysql yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
              : manager


This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.


global name 'warnOrGiveUsageMessage' is not defined
local                                                    | 2.9 kB     00:00     
local/primary_db                                         |  12 kB     00:00     
repo id                               repo name                           status
local                                 local                               8
repolist: 8
[root@mysql yum.repos.d]#

可以看到，这时候【yum】命令已经可以识别到名为【local】的YUM仓库；

MySQL：安装

在前面的本地YUM仓库配好了以后，就可以通过YUM命令本地安装MySQL了：

[root@mysql ~]# yum list | grep mysql-community
global name 'warnOrGiveUsageMessage' is not defined
mysql-community-client.x86_64           8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-common.x86_64           8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-devel.x86_64            8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-embedded-compat.x86_64  8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-libs.x86_64             8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64      8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-server.x86_64           8.0.20-1.el7               local        
mysql-community-test.x86_64             8.0.20-1.el7               local        
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
              : manager


This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.


global name 'warnOrGiveUsageMessage' is not defined
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.20-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution


Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
 Package                         Arch       Version             Repository                                                                           Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-libs            x86_64     8.0.20-1.el7        local     4.5 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
 mysql-community-libs-compat     x86_64     8.0.20-1.el7        local     1.2 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7
 mysql-community-server          x86_64     8.0.20-1.el7        local     488 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql-community-client          x86_64     8.0.20-1.el7        local      47 M
 mysql-community-common          x86_64     8.0.20-1.el7        local     609 k


Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)


Total download size: 541 M
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              292 MB/s | 541 MB  00:01     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                   1/6 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                     2/6 
  Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                   3/6 
  Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                   4/6 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64              5/6 
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64                           6/6 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64              1/6 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                   2/6 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                   3/6 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                   4/6 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64                     5/6 
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64                           6/6 


Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7                                    
  mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7                             
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7                                  


Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7                                  
  mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7                                  


Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7                                            


Complete!
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.20 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@mysql ~]#

可以看到，MySQL安装成功，安装的版本是【Ver 8.0.20】

MySQL：安装后

看看前面的RPM在Linux上到底安装了哪些文件：

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ql mysql-community-server
/etc/logrotate.d/mysql
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf.d
/usr/bin/ibd2sdi
/usr/bin/innochecksum
/usr/bin/lz4_decompress
/usr/bin/my_print_defaults
/usr/bin/myisam_ftdump
/usr/bin/myisamchk
/usr/bin/myisamlog
/usr/bin/myisampack
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
/usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
/usr/bin/mysql_upgrade
/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
/usr/bin/mysqldumpslow
/usr/bin/perror
/usr/bin/zlib_decompress
/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld@.service
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mysql.conf
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/char.bin
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/dicrc
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/left-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/matrix.bin
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/pos-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/rewrite.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/right-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/sys.dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/unk.dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/char.bin
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/dicrc
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/left-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/matrix.bin
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/pos-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/rewrite.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/right-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/sys.dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/unk.dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/char.bin
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/dicrc
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/left-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/matrix.bin
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/pos-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/rewrite.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/right-id.def
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/sys.dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/unk.dic
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/etc
/usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/etc/mecabrc
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/adt_null.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/auth_socket.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/authentication_ldap_sasl_client.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_audit_api_message_emit.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_log_filter_dragnet.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_log_sink_json.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_log_sink_syseventlog.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_mysqlbackup.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_validate_password.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/connection_control.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ddl_rewriter.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/adt_null.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/auth_socket.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/authentication_ldap_sasl_client.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_audit_api_message_emit.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_log_filter_dragnet.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_log_sink_json.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_log_sink_syseventlog.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_mysqlbackup.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_validate_password.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/connection_control.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/ddl_rewriter.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/group_replication.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/ha_example.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/ha_mock.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/innodb_engine.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/keyring_file.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/keyring_udf.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/libmemcached.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/libpluginmecab.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/locking_service.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/mypluglib.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/mysql_clone.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/mysql_no_login.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/rewrite_example.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/rewriter.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/semisync_master.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/semisync_slave.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/validate_password.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/version_token.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/group_replication.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_example.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_mock.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/innodb_engine.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/keyring_file.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/keyring_udf.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/libmemcached.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/libpluginmecab.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/locking_service.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mypluglib.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_clone.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_no_login.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/rewrite_example.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/rewriter.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/semisync_master.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/semisync_slave.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/validate_password.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/version_token.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/private
/usr/lib64/mysql/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.6.1
/usr/lib64/mysql/private/libprotobuf.so.3.6.1
/usr/sbin/mysqld
/usr/sbin/mysqld-debug
/usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.20
/usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.20/INFO_BIN
/usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.20/INFO_SRC
/usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.20/LICENSE
/usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.20/README
/usr/share/man/man1/ibd2sdi.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/lz4_decompress.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldumpslow.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/perror.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/zlib_decompress.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz
/usr/share/mysql-8.0/dictionary.txt
/usr/share/mysql-8.0/innodb_memcached_config.sql
/usr/share/mysql-8.0/install_rewriter.sql
/usr/share/mysql-8.0/mysql-log-rotate
/usr/share/mysql-8.0/uninstall_rewriter.sql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql-files
/var/lib/mysql-keyring
/var/run/mysqld
[root@mysql ~]#

上面的文件主要被安装到了这几个目录中：

/var/lib
/var/run
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/man
/usr/sbin
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/lib
/usr/bin
/etc/my.cnf.d
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/logrotate.d/mysql

关于它们的说明可以看官方文档给出的说明：

此外，还在Linux中创建了用户【mysql】

[root@mysql ~]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# cat etc/passwd | tail -n 1
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# cat etc/group | tail -n 1
mysql:x:27:
[root@mysql ~]#

MySQL：服务启动

对于【Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle Linux, CentOS, and Fedora】可以使用下面的方法启动MySQL服务：

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl status mysql
Unit mysql.service could not be found.
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-06-02 22:56:51 CST; 3s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 53004 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 53081 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 39
   CGroup: system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─53081 usr/sbin/mysqld




Jun 02 22:56:43 mysql systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jun 02 22:56:51 mysql systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@mysql ~]#

如上，启动成功；

看看启动后的状态：

端口：

[root@mysql ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
avahi      1054      1  0 20:25 ?        00:00:00 avahi-daemon: running [mysql.local]
mysql     53081      1  2 22:56 ?        00:00:01 usr/sbin/mysqld
root      53136  51753  0 22:57 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# netstat -tupln | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::33060                :::*                    LISTEN      53081/mysqld        
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      53081/mysqld        
[root@mysql ~]#

可以看到，MySQL的端口，默认监听【3306】

数据目录：

[root@mysql ~]# cat etc/my.cnf | grep -v "^#" 
[mysqld]


datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock


log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# ls -ltr var/lib/mysql
total 176580
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jun  2 22:56 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql  8585216 Jun  2 22:56 #ib_16384_1.dblwr
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     8192 Jun  2 22:56 performance_schema
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql       56 Jun  2 22:56 auto.cnf
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1680 Jun  2 22:56 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Jun  2 22:56 ca.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Jun  2 22:56 server-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Jun  2 22:56 server-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1680 Jun  2 22:56 client-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Jun  2 22:56 client-cert.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql      452 Jun  2 22:56 public_key.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Jun  2 22:56 private_key.pem
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql      143 Jun  2 22:56 mysql
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql       28 Jun  2 22:56 sys
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql     5499 Jun  2 22:56 ib_buffer_pool
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql      187 Jun  2 22:56 #innodb_temp
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql       16 Jun  2 22:56 binlog.index
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql      156 Jun  2 22:56 binlog.000001
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql        6 Jun  2 22:56 mysql.sock.lock
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql        0 Jun  2 22:56 mysql.sock
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Jun  2 22:56 ibtmp1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Jun  2 22:56 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 Jun  2 22:56 undo_001
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 Jun  2 22:56 undo_002
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql   196608 Jun  2 22:56 #ib_16384_0.dblwr
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 25165824 Jun  2 22:56 mysql.ibd
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jun  2 22:56 ib_logfile0
[root@mysql ~]# 
[root@mysql ~]# du -sh var/lib/mysql
175M    var/lib/mysql
[root@mysql ~]#

可以看到，服务启动后，MySQL的数据目录就被初始化了；

从前面的【my.cnf】还可以看到，默认的MySQL日志文件位于【/var/log/mysqld.log】

修改【root@local】临时的随机密码：

首先要找到随机密码：

[root@mysql ~]# grep 'temporary password' var/log/mysqld.log
2020-06-02T14:56:47.844580Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: BN8jGiiulw=&
[root@mysql ~]#

修改随机口令：

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20


Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


mysql> 
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]#

用修改的新的口令登录MySQL：

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p'MyNewPass4!'                 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL


Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]#

可以看到，MySQL的临时口令修改完成。

终

至此，最简单的MySQL的安装文档，结束。

文章转载自Nephilim，如果涉嫌侵权，请发送邮件至：contact@modb.pro进行举报，并提供相关证据，一经查实，墨天轮将立刻删除相关内容。

MySQL 8.0.20 | Install on RHEL 7.8

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