一 oraInventory的作用

oraInventory中记录了oracle安装目录的相关信息，通常在oracle软件安装过程中会自动创建，路径通常会在$ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/，并在/etc/oraInst.loc中记录相关的路径信息，有时候我们的oracle目录是从另一套相似环境中tar过来的，这个时候是不会有oraInventory信息，如果此时数据库需要升级，或者打psu，那么会报错。

二 oraInventory缺失造成的问题

[oracle@hzmc OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinv
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright © 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /oracle/app/product/19.3.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /oracle/oraInventory
from : /oracle/app/product/19.3.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /oracle/app/product/19.3.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-08-05_00-08-40AM_1.log

LsInventorySession failed: OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.

OPatch failed with error code 73

三 UNIX重建oraInventory目录

3.1 方法一：

适用范围：通用

[oracle@hzmc oracle]$  cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
[oracle@hzmc bin]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs -attachHome ORACLE_HOME="/oracle/app/product/19.3.0/db_1" ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb19c_home1"
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 14909 MB    Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
You can find the log of this install session at:
 /oracle/oraInventory/logs/AttachHome2020-08-05_12-09-36AM.log
'AttachHome' was successful.

确认oraInventory是否重建完成：

[oracle@hzmc bin]$  more /etc/oraInst.loc 
inventory_loc=/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

[oracle@hzmc ~]$ cd /oracle/oraInventory/ContentsXML/
[oracle@hzmc ContentsXML]$ ls
comps.xml  inventory.xml  libs.xml
[oracle@hzmc ContentsXML]$ more inventory.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. -->
<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
<INVENTORY>
<VERSION_INFO>
   <SAVED_WITH>12.2.0.7.0</SAVED_WITH>
   <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
</VERSION_INFO>
<HOME_LIST>
<HOME NAME="OraDb19c_home1" LOC="/oracle/app/product/19.3.0/db_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/>
</HOME_LIST>
<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</INVENTORY>

可以看到oraInventory已重建完成。

3.2 方法二：

适用范围：10.2.0.2及以上版本

[oracle@hzmc oracle]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
[oracle@hzmc bin]$ ./attachHome.sh
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 14909 MB    Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
You can find the log of this install session at:
 /oracle/oraInventory/logs/AttachHome2020-08-05_12-10-50AM.log
'AttachHome' was successful.

确认oraInventory是否重建完成：

[oracle@hzmc bin]$  more /etc/oraInst.loc 
inventory_loc=/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

[oracle@hzmc ~]$ cd /oracle/oraInventory/ContentsXML/
[oracle@hzmc ContentsXML]$ ls
comps.xml  inventory.xml  libs.xml
[oracle@hzmc ContentsXML]$ more inventory.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. -->
<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
<INVENTORY>
<VERSION_INFO>
   <SAVED_WITH>12.2.0.7.0</SAVED_WITH>
   <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
</VERSION_INFO>
<HOME_LIST>
<HOME NAME="OraDB19Home1" LOC="/oracle/app/product/19.3.0/db_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/>
</HOME_LIST>
<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</INVENTORY>

可以看到oraInventory已重建完成。

四 WINDOWS重建oraInventory目录

适用范围：通用

C:\Users\Administrator>d:
D:\>cd D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\oui\bin
D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\oui\bin>setup.exe -silent -attachHo
me ORACLE_HOME="D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1" ORACLE_HOME_NAME="ora11g"

查看C:\Program Files\Oracle\Inventory\ContentsXML\inventory.xml
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. -->
<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
<INVENTORY>
<VERSION_INFO>
   <SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH>
   <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
</VERSION_INFO>
<HOME_LIST>
<HOME NAME="ora11g" LOC="D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/>
</HOME_LIST>
<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</INVENTORY>

可以看到oraInventory已重建完成。