第四课
4.1 学习openGauss创建角色、修改角色属性、更改角色权限和删除角色
👉openGauss SQL学习参考资料
https://opengauss.org/zh/docs/2.1.0/docs/Developerguide/SQL%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95.html
学习目标
学习openGauss创建角色、修改角色属性、更改角色权限和删除角色
课程学习
角色是用来管理权限的，从数据库安全的角度考虑，可以把所有的管理和操作权限划分到不同的角色上
连接openGauss
#第一次进入等待15秒
#数据库启动中...
su - omm
gsql -r
1.创建角色
–列出所有数据库角色
\du
–创建角色manager1，密码test_123
CREATE ROLE manager1 IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
–创建角色manager2，密码test_456，具有LOGIN属性且为系统管理员
CREATE ROLE manager2 LOGIN SYSADMIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_456';
–创建角色manager3，密码test_789，从2021年12月10日生效，2021年12月30日失效
CREATE ROLE manager3 WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'test_789' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-10' VALID
UNTIL '2021-12-30';
–再次查看所有数据库角色
\du+
2.修改角色属性
–修改角色manage1具有LOGIN属性且为系统管理员
ALTER ROLE manager1 SYSADMIN LOGIN;
–查看manager1
\du+ manager1
–修改角色manager2密码
ALTER ROLE manager2 IDENTIFIED BY 'abcd@123' replace 'test_456';
–重命名manager2
ALTER ROLE manager2 RENAME TO manager20;
3.授权
–将omm的权限授权给manager1
GRANT omm to manager1 with admin option;
4.回收权限
revoke all privilege from manager1;
5.删除角色
drop role manager1;
drop role manager2;
drop role manager3;
课后作业
1.创建角色role1为系统管理员, role2指定生效日期, role3具有LOGIN属性
CREATE ROLE role1 SYSADMIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
CREATE ROLE role2 WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'test_789' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-10' VALID UNTIL '2021-12-30';
CREATE ROLE role3 LOGIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_456';
\du+
2.重命名role1
ALTER ROLE role1 RENAME TO role10;
3.修改role2密码
ALTER ROLE role2 IDENTIFIED BY 'abcd@123' replace 'test_789';
4.将omm权限授权给role3,再回收role3的权限
\du+ role3
GRANT omm to role3 with admin option;
\du+ role3
revoke all privilege from role3;
\du+ role3
revoke omm from role3;
\du+ role3
5.删除所有创建角色
drop role role10;
drop role role2;
drop role role3;
过程中使用\du或\du+查看角色信息
执行过程：
omm=# CREATE ROLE role1 SYSADMIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# CREATE ROLE role2 WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'test_789' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-10' VALID UNTIL '2021-12-30';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# CREATE ROLE role3 LOGIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_456';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# ALTER ROLE role1 RENAME TO role10;
NOTICE: MD5 password cleared because of role rename
ALTER ROLE
omm=# ALTER ROLE role2 IDENTIFIED BY 'abcd@123' replace 'test_789';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
ALTER ROLE
omm=# \du+
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of | Description
-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------+-----------+-------------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {} |
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin,
Policyadmin, UseFT | {} |
role10 | Cannot login, Sysadmin
| {} |
role2 | Role valid begin 2021-12-10 00:00:00+08
| {} |
+| {} |
| Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08
| |
role3 |
omm=# GRANT omm to role3 with admin option;
GRANT ROLE
omm=# \du+
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of | Description
-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------+-----------+-------------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {} |
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin,
Policyadmin, UseFT | {} |
role2 | Role valid begin 2021-12-10 00:00:00+08
+| {} |
role10 | Cannot login, Sysadmin
| {} |
role3 |
| {omm} |
| Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08
| |
omm=# revoke all privilege from role3;
ALTER ROLE
omm=# \du+ role3
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of | Description
-----------+------------+-----------+-------------
role3 | | {omm} |
omm=# revoke omm from role3;
REVOKE ROLE
omm=# \du+ role3
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of | Description
-----------+------------+-----------+-------------
role3 | | {} |
omm=#
