openGauss每日一练第4天|《创建角色、修改角色属性、更改角色权限和删除角色》学习心得体会和课后练习

openGauss每日一练第4天|《创建角色、修改角色属性、更改角色权限和删除角色》学习心得体会和课后练习

角色是用来管理权限的，从数据库安全的角度考虑，可以把所有的管理和操作权限划分到不同的角色上

连接openGauss

#第一次进入等待15秒
#数据库启动中...
su - omm
gsql -r

1.创建角色

–列出所有数据库角色

\du

omm=# \du
                                                              List of roles
 Role name |                                                    Attributes                    
                                | Member of 
-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------+-----------
 gaussdb   | Sysadmin                                                                         
                                | {}
 omm       | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Op
eratoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {}

–创建角色manager1，密码test_123

CREATE ROLE manager1 IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
omm=# create role manager1 identified by test_123;
ERROR:  Password must be quoted
omm=# create role manager1 identified by 'test_123';
NOTICE:  The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# 

–创建角色manager2，密码test_456，具有LOGIN属性且为系统管理员

CREATE ROLE manager2 LOGIN SYSADMIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_456';

–创建角色manager3，密码test_789，从2021年12月10日生效，2021年12月30日失效

CREATE ROLE manager3 WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'test_789' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-10' VALID
UNTIL '2021-12-30';

–再次查看所有数据库角色

\du+

omm=# \du
                                                              List of roles
 Role name |                                                    Attributes                    
                                | Member of 
-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------+-----------
 gaussdb   | Sysadmin                                                                         
                                | {}
 manager1  | Cannot login                                                                     
                                | {}
           | Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08                                          
                                | 
 omm       | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Op
eratoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {}

 manager2  | Sysadmin                                                                         
                                | {}
 manager3  | Role valid begin 2021-12-10 00:00:00+08                                          
                               +| {}
omm=# \du+
                                                                     List of roles
 Role name |                                                    Attributes                    
                                | Member of | Description 
-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------+-----------+-------------
 gaussdb   | Sysadmin                                                                         
                                | {}        | 
 manager1  | Cannot login                                                                     
                                | {}        | 
 manager2  | Sysadmin                                                                         
                                |           | 
 omm       | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Op
eratoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {}        | 

                                | {}        | 
 manager3  | Role valid begin 2021-12-10 00:00:00+08                                          
                               +| {}        | 
           | Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08                                          
omm=# 

2.修改角色属性

–修改角色manage1具有LOGIN属性且为系统管理员

ALTER ROLE manager1 SYSADMIN LOGIN;

–查看manager1

\du+ manager1

–修改角色manager2密码

ALTER ROLE manager2 IDENTIFIED BY 'abcd@123' replace 'test_456';

–重命名manager2

ALTER ROLE manager2 RENAME TO manager20;

3.授权

–将omm的权限授权给manager1

GRANT omm to manager1 with admin option;

4.回收权限

revoke all privilege from manager1;

5.删除角色

drop role manager1;
drop role manager20;
drop role manager3;

课后作业

1.创建角色role1为系统管理员, role2指定生效日期, role3具有LOGIN属性

create role role1 identified by 'role1_passwd' sysadmin;
create role role2  identified by 'role2_passwd' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-10' VALID UNTIL '2021-12-30';
create role role3  identified by 'role3_passwd' login;

2.重命名role1

alter role role1 rename to role_new;

3.修改role2密码

alter role role2 identified by 'role2_passwd1' replace  'role2_passwd';

4.将omm权限授权给role3,再回收role3的权限

grant omm to role3 with admin option;
revoke all privilege from role3;

5.删除所有创建角色

drop role role1;
drop role role2;
drop role role3;

过程中使用\du或\du+查看角色信息**