4.1 学习openGauss创建角色、修改角色属性、更改角色权限和删除角色
👉openGauss SQL学习参考资料
https://opengauss.org/zh/docs/2.1.0/docs/Developerguide/SQL%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95.html
学习目标
学习openGauss创建角色、修改角色属性、更改角色权限和删除角色
课程学习
角色是用来管理权限的，从数据库安全的角度考虑，可以把所有的管理和操作权限划分到不同的角色上
连接openGauss
root@modb:~# su - ommomm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 2.0.0 build 78689da9) compiled at 2021-03-31 21:03:52 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help.
1.创建角色
–列出所有数据库角色
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
manager1 | Cannot login
| {}
manager2 | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
–创建角色manager1，密码test_123
omm=# CREATE ROLE manager1 IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
–创建角色manager2，密码test_456，具有LOGIN属性且为系统管理员
omm=# CREATE ROLE manager2 LOGIN SYSADMIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_456';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
–创建角色manager3，密码test_789，从2021年12月10日生效，2021年12月30日失效
omm=# CREATE ROLE manager3 WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'test_789' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-10' VALID
omm-# UNTIL '2021-12-30';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
–再次查看所有数据库角色
omm=# \du+
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of | Description
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------+-------------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08
| {} |
manager1 | Cannot login
| {} |
manager2 | Sysadmin
| {} |
manager3 | Role valid begin 2021-12-10 00:00:00+08
+| {} | | |
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
2.修改角色属性
–修改角色manage1具有LOGIN属性且为系统管理员
omm=# ALTER ROLE manager1 SYSADMIN LOGIN;
ALTER ROLE
–查看manager1
omm=# \du+ manager1
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of | Description
-----------+------------+-----------+-------------
manager1 | Sysadmin | {} |
–修改角色manager2密码
omm=# ALTER ROLE manager2 IDENTIFIED BY 'abcd@123' replace 'test_456';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
ALTER ROLE
–重命名manager2
omm=# ALTER ROLE manager2 RENAME TO manager20;
NOTICE: MD5 password cleared because of role rename
ALTER ROLE
3.授权
–将omm的权限授权给manager1
omm=# GRANT omm to manager1 with admin option;
GRANT ROLE
omm-# \du+ manager1
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of | Description
-----------+------------+-----------+-------------
manager1 | Sysadmin | {omm} |
4.回收权限
omm=# revoke all privilege from manager1; ALTER ROLEomm=# \du+ manager1 List of roles Role name | Attributes | Member of | Description -----------+------------+-----------+------------- manager1 | | {omm} |
5.删除角色
omm=# drop role manager1;
DROP ROLE
omm=# drop role manager20;
DROP ROLE
omm=# drop role manager3;
DROP ROLE
omm=# \du
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
课后作业
1.创建角色role1为系统管理员, role2指定生效日期, role3具有LOGIN属性
omm=# CREATE ROLE role1 SYSADMIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLEomm=# CREATE ROLE role2 IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123' VALID BEGIN '2021-12-06' VALID UNTIL '2021-12-30';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# CREATE ROLE role3 WITH LOGIN IDENTIFIED BY 'test_123';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# \du+
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of | Description
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------+-------------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {} |
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {} |
role1 | Cannot login, Sysadmin
| {} |
role2 | Cannot login
+| {} |
| Role valid begin 2021-12-06 00:00:00+08
+| |
| Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08
| | role3 |
| {} |2.重命名role1
omm=# ALTER ROLE role1 RENAME TO role10;
NOTICE: MD5 password cleared because of role rename
ALTER ROLE3.修改role2密码
omm=# ALTER ROLE role2 IDENTIFIED BY 'abcd_123' REPLACE 'test_123';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
ALTER ROLE4.将omm权限授权给role3,再回收role3的权限
omm=# GRANT omm to role3 with admin option;
GRANT ROLEomm=# revoke all privilege from role3;
ALTER ROLE5.删除所有创建角色
过程中使用\du或\du+查看角色信息
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
role10 | Cannot login, Sysadmin
| {}
role2 | Cannot login
+| {}
| Role valid begin 2021-12-06 00:00:00+08
+|
| Role valid until 2021-12-30 00:00:00+08
|
role3 |
| {omm}
omm=# DROP ROLE role10;
DROP ROLE
omm=# DROP ROLE role2;
DROP ROLE
omm=# DROP ROLE role3;
DROP ROLE
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}最后修改时间：2021-12-06 15:13:09
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