1、修改表名：alter table old_name rename to new_name
2、修改字段名：alter table table_name change old_name new_name new_type
3、修改字段数据类型：alter table table_name modify col_name new_type
4、添加字段：alter table table_name add new_col_name new_type
5、删除字段：alter table table_name drop col_name
6、添加主键：alter table table_name add constraint con_name primary key(col_name)
7、添加外键：alter table table_name add constraint con_name foreign key(F_col) references M_table(M_col)
8、添加默认值：alter table table_name alter col_name set default value
9、添加自增长：alter table table_name modify column col_name 类型 auto_increment
