seata基础教程上-seata 1.4.2的安装及基于Nacos的配置

香草物语博客 2021-07-26

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先吐槽一下，seata的文档真的是乱的一批。我们这里只介绍安装及基本使用过程。

1.seata介绍

Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于在微服务架构下提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。具体原理可以参考官网http://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/overview/what-is-seata.html。

[alt type="success"] 一定要注意版本
问题，包括安装的Nacos版本、Seata版本、Spring Cloud版本、Spring Boot版本等等。[/alt]

2.前置条件

2.1安装JDK并配置环境变量

安装JDK1.8及以上版本，并正确配置环境变量。

2.2maven

我这里用的是3.6.3，并配置阿里云仓库。

2.3Git

由于需要将Seata Server的配置文件导入Nacos，所以需要安装Git

2.4安装Nacos

Nacos 2.0.2
版本，关于Nacos的安装，我们稍后会出一个专门的文章进行介绍。[tag type="warning"]温馨提示[/tag] 所以学习本篇文章之前，您至少应该改知道Nacos的安装以及在Spring Cloud中如何利用Nacos进行服务的注册与发现。Nacos默认端口为8848
，由于我这里配置了集群，所以前端端口使用的是1111
,大家在下面配置文件注意以下。

3.seata安装

我这里使用的seata是1.4.2（截止到目前最新的版本）。[btn href="http://seata.io/zh-cn/blog/download.html" type="default"]Seata下载地址[/btn]

3.1.修改配置文件

3.1.1.修改file.conf

进入Seata的conf
目录，找到file.conf
,如下图

修改以下内容

## transaction log store, only used in seata-server


store {
  ## store mode: file、db、redis
  mode = "db" #我们用数据库存储，改成db
  ## rsa decryption public key
  publicKey = ""
  ## file store property
  file {
    ## store location dir
    dir = "sessionStore"
    # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
    maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
    # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
    maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
    # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
    fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
    # when recover batch read size
    sessionReloadReadSize = 100
    # async, sync
    flushDiskMode = async
  }


  ## database store property
  db {
    ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
    datasource = "druid"
    ## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
    dbType = "mysql" # 改成MySql
    driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
    ## if using mysql to store the data, recommend add rewriteBatchedStatements=true in jdbc connection param
    url = "jdbc:mysql://ip:3306/数据库名称?rewriteBatchedStatements=true"
    user = "数据库用户"
    password = "数据库密码"
    minConn = 5
    maxConn = 100
    globalTable = "global_table"
    branchTable = "branch_table"
    lockTable = "lock_table"
    queryLimit = 100
    maxWait = 5000
  }


  ## redis store property
  redis {
    ## redis mode: single、sentinel
    mode = "single"
    ## single mode property
    single {
      host = "127.0.0.1"
      port = "6379"
    }
    ## sentinel mode property
    sentinel {
      masterName = ""
      ## such as "10.28.235.65:26379,10.28.235.65:26380,10.28.235.65:26381"
      sentinelHosts = ""
    }
    password = ""
    database = "0"
    minConn = 1
    maxConn = 10
    maxTotal = 100
    queryLimit = 100
  }
}

3.1.2.修改registry.conf

进入Seata的conf
目录，找到registry.conf
,如下图

我们这里用Nacos，所以主要是配置Nacos的信息，配置内容包括两部分，registry
服务,将type从file
改成nacos
,将seata服务配置进nacos;config
将type从file
改成nacos
，这样不需要每个项目都放file.conf
修改内容如下：

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos" #改成Nacos


  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:1111" #Nacos地址，我这里集群用的1111端口，默认为8848端口
    group = "SEATA_GROUP" #Nacos分组
    namespace = ""
    username = "nacos" #Nacos用户名
    password = "nacos" #Nacos密码
  }
  eureka {
    serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
    application = "default"
    weight = "1"
  }
  redis {
    serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
    db = 0
    password = ""
    cluster = "default"
    timeout = 0
  }
  zk {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  consul {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
    aclToken = ""
  }
  etcd3 {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  sofa {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
    application = "default"
    region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
    datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
    cluster = "default"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    addressWaitTime = "3000"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}


config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos" #改成Nacos


  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:1111" #Nacos地址，我这里集群用的1111端口，默认为8848端口
    namespace = ""
    group = "SEATA_GROUP" #Nacos分组
    username = "nacos" #Nacos用户名
    password = "nacos" #Nacos密码
    dataId = ""
  }
  consul {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
    aclToken = ""
  }
  apollo {
    appId = "seata-server"
    ## apolloConfigService will cover apolloMeta
    apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
    apolloConfigService = "http://192.168.1.204:8080"
    namespace = "application"
    apolloAccesskeySecret = ""
    cluster = "seata"
  }
  zk {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
    nodePath = "/seata/seata.properties"
  }
  etcd3 {
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

3.1.3.导入Seata相应的配置项到Nacos的配置中心（非注册中心）

由于我这里注册中心跟配置中心用的一个，所以我其实导入的就是一个Nacos。

3.1.3.1.创建导入脚本

在conf
文件夹下，创建nacos-config.sh
,并将以下内容粘贴进去

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Copyright 1999-2019 Seata.io Group.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at、
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.


while getopts ":h:p:g:t:u:w:" opt
do
  case $opt in
  h)
    host=$OPTARG
    ;;
  p)
    port=$OPTARG
    ;;
  g)
    group=$OPTARG
    ;;
  t)
    tenant=$OPTARG
    ;;
  u)
    username=$OPTARG
    ;;
  w)
    password=$OPTARG
    ;;
  ?)
    echo " USAGE OPTION: $0 [-h host] [-p port] [-g group] [-t tenant] [-u username] [-w password] "
    exit 1
    ;;
  esac
done


urlencode() {
  for ((i=0; i < ${#1}; i++))
  do
    char="${1:$i:1}"
    case $char in
    [a-zA-Z0-9.~_-]) printf $char ;;
    *) printf '%%%02X' "'$char" ;;
    esac
  done
}


if [[ -z ${host} ]]; then
    host=localhost
fi
if [[ -z ${port} ]]; then
    port=8848
fi
if [[ -z ${group} ]]; then
    group="SEATA_GROUP"
fi
if [[ -z ${tenant} ]]; then
    tenant=""
fi
if [[ -z ${username} ]]; then
    username=""
fi
if [[ -z ${password} ]]; then
    password=""
fi


nacosAddr=$host:$port
contentType="content-type:application/json;charset=UTF-8"


echo "set nacosAddr=$nacosAddr"
echo "set group=$group"


failCount=0
tempLog=$(mktemp -u)
function addConfig() {
  curl -X POST -H "${contentType}" "http://$nacosAddr/nacos/v1/cs/configs?dataId=$(urlencode $1)&group=$group&content=$(urlencode $2)&tenant=$tenant&username=$username&password=$password" >"${tempLog}" 2>/dev/null
  if [[ -z $(cat "${tempLog}") ]]; then
    echo " Please check the cluster status. "
    exit 1
  fi
  if [[ $(cat "${tempLog}") =~ "true" ]]; then
    echo "Set $1=$2 successfully "
  else
    echo "Set $1=$2 failure "
    (( failCount++ ))
  fi
}


count=0
for line in $(cat $(dirname "$PWD")/config.txt | sed s/[[:space:]]//g); do
  (( count++ ))
    key=${line%%=*}
    value=${line#*=}
    addConfig "${key}" "${value}"
done


echo "========================================================================="
echo " Complete initialization parameters,  total-count:$count ,  failure-count:$failCount "
echo "========================================================================="


if [[ ${failCount} -eq 0 ]]; then
    echo " Init nacos config finished, please start seata-server. "
else
    echo " init nacos config fail. "
fi

3.1.3.2.创建配置文件

在conf
的上级目录，创建config.txt
并粘贴以下内容

transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
service.vgroupMapping.my_tx_group=default #自定义，一定注意与spring cloud配置文件保持一致
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091 #seata服务
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
store.mode=db
store.lock.mode=db
store.session.mode=db
store.publicKey=
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://数据库IP:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
store.db.user=数据库用户名
store.db.password=数据库密码
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
store.redis.mode=single
store.redis.single.host=127.0.0.1
store.redis.single.port=6379
store.redis.sentinel.masterName=
store.redis.sentinel.sentinelHosts=
store.redis.maxConn=10
store.redis.minConn=1
store.redis.maxTotal=100
store.redis.database=0
store.redis.password=
store.redis.queryLimit=100
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
log.exceptionRate=100
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

上图一定要注意配置数据库信息及service.vgroupMapping.my_tx_group=default
，这个后续在spring cloud项目的配置文件中会用到。

3.1.3.3.导入配置文件

打开git bash
，进入到conf
目录中，执行以下命令

sh [nacos-config.sh文件路径] -h [nacos-ip地址] -p 8848 -g SEATA_GROUP[导入的组] -u [用户名] -w [密码]

执行完成后，查看我们Nacos配置中心中，配置文件是否已存在。

3.1.4.创建相关的数据库（在回滚或提交前会将日志保存在数据库中，成功后会删除）

3.1.3.1.创建seata数据库，并预置数据

这个数据库就是我们上面配置文件中使用到的数据库，脚本如下

-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;


-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;


-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(128),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

3.1.4.2.创建undo_log表

注意：在业务数据库中创建undo_log，与上面的脚本不在一个数据库中。比如我有三个微服务，三个数据库，那么就需要在三个业务数据库中创建undo_log表

-- 在业务数据库中创建undo_log（与上面的脚本不在一个数据库中）
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`
(
    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',
    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',
    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',
    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',
    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',
    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',
    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

4.运行seata

运行Nacos

这里不多介绍。

运行seata

进入seata的bin
目录，执行./seata-server.bat
,运行成功后，查看Nacos的服务列表

能看到我们配置的seata即代表成功。

数据库

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