同事在使用 pg_probackup 备份 pg18.3 数据库时碰到了问题，记录一下，供有需要的朋友参考！
安装pg_probackup
pg_probackup下载地址：https://github.com/postgrespro/pg_probackup
解压文件
tar -xzvf pg_probackup-2.5.16.tar.gz
mv pg_probackup-2.5.16 pg_probackup
编译安装
cd pg_probackup
make USE_PGXS=1 pg_config=<path_to_pg_config> top_srcdir=<path_to_postgresql_source_tree>
make USE_PGXS=1 pg_config=<path_to_pg_config> top_srcdir=<path_to_postgresql_source_tree> install
注意：
PG_CONFIG → 指向已安装好的 pg_config 二进制（部署目录）
top_srcdir → 指向PG 源码解压目录（源码目录）
make USE_PGXS=1 pg_config=/database/pg18/bin/pg_config top_srcdir=/database/postgresql-18.3
make USE_PGXS=1 pg_config=/database/pg18/bin/pg_config top_srcdir=/database/postgresql-18.3 install
编译过程中报错如下：
...
src/utils/configuration.o src/utils/json.o src/utils/logger.o src/utils/parray.o src/utils/pgut.o src/utils/thread.o src/utils/remote.o src/utils/file.o src/archive.o src/backup.o src/catalog.o src/checkdb.o src/configure.o src/data.o src/delete.o src/dir.o src/fetch.o src/help.o src/init.o src/merge.o src/parsexlog.o src/ptrack.o src/pg_probackup.o src/restore.o src/show.o src/stream.o src/util.o src/validate.o src/datapagemap.o src/catchup.o src/pg_crc.o src/receivelog.o src/streamutil.o src/xlogreader.o src/walmethods.o -L/database/pg18/lib -lpq -pthread -D_REENTRANT -D_THREAD_SAFE -L/database/pg18/lib -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/database/pg18/lib',--enable-new-dtags -lpgcommon -lpgport -lxslt -lxml2 -lz -lreadline -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lm -o pg_probackup
src/pg_crc.o: In function `crc32_bytea':
pg_crc.c:(.text+0x9): undefined reference to `pg_detoast_datum_packed'
src/pg_crc.o: In function `crc32c_bytea':
pg_crc.c:(.text+0xc9): undefined reference to `pg_detoast_datum_packed'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [pg_probackup] Error 1
解决办法：
手动修改 pg_crc.c文件，过程如下：
cd pg_probackup
vi src/pg_crc.c
找到：
Datum crc32_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) { ... } Datum crc32c_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) { ... }
改成：
#ifndef FRONTEND
Datum
crc32_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
...
}
Datum
crc32c_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
...
}
#endif
接下来，继续编译：
[postgres@node1 pg_probackup]$ make clean
Makefile:48: ../../src/Makefile.global: No such file or directory
Makefile:49: ../../contrib/contrib-global.mk: No such file or directory
make: *** No rule to make target `../../contrib/contrib-global.mk'. Stop.
[postgres@node1 pg_probackup]$ make USE_PGXS=1 pg_config=/database/pg18/bin/pg_config top_srcdir=/database/postgresql-18.3
gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -DFRONTEND -I. -I./ -I/database/pg18/include/postgresql/server -I/database/pg18/include/postgresql/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/database/pg18/include -pthread -D_REENTRANT -D_THREAD_SAFE -Isrc -I/database/postgresql-18.3//src -c -o src/pg_crc.o src/pg_crc.c
gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 src/utils/configuration.o src/utils/json.o src/utils/logger.o src/utils/parray.o src/utils/pgut.o src/utils/thread.o src/utils/remote.o src/utils/file.o src/archive.o src/backup.o src/catalog.o src/checkdb.o src/configure.o src/data.o src/delete.o src/dir.o src/fetch.o src/help.o src/init.o src/merge.o src/parsexlog.o src/ptrack.o src/pg_probackup.o src/restore.o src/show.o src/stream.o src/util.o src/validate.o src/datapagemap.o src/catchup.o src/pg_crc.o src/receivelog.o src/streamutil.o src/xlogreader.o src/walmethods.o -L/database/pg18/lib -lpq -pthread -D_REENTRANT -D_THREAD_SAFE -L/database/pg18/lib -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/database/pg18/lib',--enable-new-dtags -lpgcommon -lpgport -lxslt -lxml2 -lz -lreadline -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lm -o pg_probackup
[postgres@node1 pg_probackup]$ make USE_PGXS=1 pg_config=/database/pg18/bin/pg_config top_srcdir=/database/postgresql-18.3 install
/bin/mkdir -p '/database/pg18/bin'
/bin/install -c pg_probackup '/database/pg18/bin'
可以看到，已经编译成功。
检查pg_probackup版本
[postgres@node1 pg_probackup]$ pg_probackup -V pg_probackup 2.5.16 (PostgreSQL 18.3)
备份准备
创建备份用户并授权
使用postgres用户连接到数据库执行：
CREATE ROLE rep WITH LOGIN REPLICATION;
grant USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_catalog to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.current_setting(text) to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_is_in_recovery() to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_backup_start(text, boolean) to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_backup_stop(boolean) to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_create_restore_point(text) to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_switch_wal() to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_last_wal_replay_lsn() to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.txid_current() to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.txid_current_snapshot() to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.txid_snapshot_xmax(txid_snapshot) to rep;
grant EXECUTE ON FUNCTION pg_catalog.pg_control_checkpoint() to rep;
grant pg_checkpoint TO rep;
grant pg_read_all_settings TO rep;
配置pg_hba.conf
vi pg_hba.conf加入：
host all rep 192.*.*.60/32 scram-sha-256 host replication all 192.*.*.60/32 scram-sha-256
配置生效：
select pg_reload_conf();
创建备份目录
mkdir /home/postgres/bak
初始化备份目录:
pg_probackup init -B /home/postgres/bak
初始化后会在/home/postgres/bak目录下生产两个文件：
[postgres@node1 ~]$ ll /home/postgres/bak total 0 drwx------ 4 postgres postgres 36 Sep 11 17:32 backups drwx------ 4 postgres postgres 36 Sep 11 17:32 wal [postgres@node1 ~]$
添加备份实例
pg_probackup add-instance -B /home/postgres/bak -D /database/data --instance pg18
执行后，会在backups、wal目录下新建 --instance参数 指定的目录
[postgres@node1 bak]$ ll backups wal backups: total 0 drwx------ 2 postgres postgres 31 Sep 11 17:37 pg18 wal: total 0 drwx------ 2 postgres postgres 6 Sep 11 17:37 pg18
备份数据库
pg_probackup backup -B /home/postgres/bak -D /database/data --instance pg18 -U rep -b full --stream
执行过程如下：
[postgres@node1 bak]$ pg_probackup backup -B /home/postgres/bak -D /database/data --instance pg18 -U rep -b full --stream
INFO: Backup start, pg_probackup version: 2.5.16, instance: pg18, backup ID: TL71JZ, backup mode: FULL, wal mode: STREAM, remote: false, compress-algorithm: none, compress-level: 1
INFO: This PostgreSQL instance was initialized with data block checksums. Data block corruption will be detected
INFO: Database backup start
INFO: wait for pg_backup_start()
INFO: Wait for WAL segment /home/postgres/bak/backups/pg18/TL71JZ/database/pg_wal/000000010000000000000015 to be streamed
INFO: PGDATA size: 23MB
INFO: Current Start LSN: 0/15000028, TLI: 1
INFO: Start transferring data files
INFO: Data files are transferred, time elapsed: 0
INFO: wait for pg_stop_backup()
INFO: pg_stop backup() successfully executed
INFO: stop_lsn: 0/15000188
INFO: Getting the Recovery Time from WAL
INFO: Syncing backup files to disk
INFO: Backup files are synced, time elapsed: 0
INFO: Validating backup TL71JZ
INFO: Backup TL71JZ data files are valid
INFO: Backup TL71JZ resident size: 55MB
INFO: Backup TL71JZ completed
[postgres@node1 bak]$
检查备份集
pg_probackup show -B -B /home/postgres/bak --instance=pg18
执行过程如下：
[postgres@node1 bak]$ pg_probackup show -B /home/postgres/bak --instance=pg18 ================================================================================================================================== Instance Version ID Recovery Time Mode WAL Mode TLI Time Data WAL Zratio Start LSN Stop LSN Status ================================================================================================================================== pg18 18 TL71JZ 2026-09-11 17:40:48+08 FULL STREAM 1/0 6s 23MB 32MB 1.00 0/15000028 0/15000188 OK [postgres@node1 bak]$
pg_probackup命令参考
[postgres@node1 ~]$ pg_probackup --help
pg_probackup - utility to manage backup/recovery of PostgreSQL database.
pg_probackup help [COMMAND]
pg_probackup version
pg_probackup init -B backup-dir
pg_probackup set-config -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
[-D pgdata-path]
[--external-dirs=external-directories-paths]
[--log-level-console=log-level-console]
[--log-level-file=log-level-file]
[--log-format-file=log-format-file]
[--log-filename=log-filename]
[--error-log-filename=error-log-filename]
[--log-directory=log-directory]
[--log-rotation-size=log-rotation-size]
[--log-rotation-age=log-rotation-age]
[--retention-redundancy=retention-redundancy]
[--retention-window=retention-window]
[--wal-depth=wal-depth]
[--compress-algorithm=compress-algorithm]
[--compress-level=compress-level]
[--archive-timeout=timeout]
[-d dbname] [-h host] [-p port] [-U username]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--restore-command=cmdline] [--archive-host=destination]
[--archive-port=port] [--archive-user=username]
[--help]
pg_probackup set-backup -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
-i backup-id [--ttl=interval] [--expire-time=timestamp]
[--note=text]
[--help]
pg_probackup show-config -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
[--format=format]
[--no-scale-units]
[--help]
pg_probackup backup -B backup-dir -b backup-mode --instance=instance-name
[-D pgdata-path] [-C]
[--stream [-S slot-name] [--temp-slot]]
[--backup-pg-log] [-j num-threads] [--progress]
[--no-validate] [--skip-block-validation]
[--external-dirs=external-directories-paths]
[--no-sync]
[--log-level-console=log-level-console]
[--log-level-file=log-level-file]
[--log-format-console=log-format-console]
[--log-format-file=log-format-file]
[--log-filename=log-filename]
[--error-log-filename=error-log-filename]
[--log-directory=log-directory]
[--log-rotation-size=log-rotation-size]
[--log-rotation-age=log-rotation-age] [--no-color]
[--delete-expired] [--delete-wal] [--merge-expired]
[--retention-redundancy=retention-redundancy]
[--retention-window=retention-window]
[--wal-depth=wal-depth]
[--compress]
[--compress-algorithm=compress-algorithm]
[--compress-level=compress-level]
[--archive-timeout=archive-timeout]
[-d dbname] [-h host] [-p port] [-U username]
[-w --no-password] [-W --password]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--ttl=interval] [--expire-time=timestamp] [--note=text]
[--help]
pg_probackup restore -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
[-D pgdata-path] [-i backup-id] [-j num-threads]
[--recovery-target-time=time|--recovery-target-xid=xid
|--recovery-target-lsn=lsn [--recovery-target-inclusive=boolean]]
[--recovery-target-timeline=timeline]
[--recovery-target=immediate|latest]
[--recovery-target-name=target-name]
[--recovery-target-action=pause|promote|shutdown]
[--restore-command=cmdline]
[-R | --restore-as-replica] [--force]
[--primary-conninfo=primary_conninfo]
[-S | --primary-slot-name=slotname]
[--no-validate] [--skip-block-validation]
[-T OLDDIR=NEWDIR] [--progress]
[--external-mapping=OLDDIR=NEWDIR]
[--skip-external-dirs] [--no-sync]
[-X WALDIR | --waldir=WALDIR]
[-I | --incremental-mode=none|checksum|lsn]
[--db-include | --db-exclude]
[--destroy-all-other-dbs]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--archive-host=hostname]
[--archive-port=port] [--archive-user=username]
[--help]
pg_probackup validate -B backup-dir [--instance=instance-name]
[-i backup-id] [--progress] [-j num-threads]
[--recovery-target-time=time|--recovery-target-xid=xid
|--recovery-target-lsn=lsn [--recovery-target-inclusive=boolean]]
[--recovery-target-timeline=timeline]
[--recovery-target-name=target-name]
[--skip-block-validation]
[--help]
pg_probackup checkdb [-B backup-dir] [--instance=instance-name]
[-D pgdata-path] [--progress] [-j num-threads]
[--amcheck] [--skip-block-validation]
[--heapallindexed] [--checkunique]
[--help]
pg_probackup show -B backup-dir
[--instance=instance-name [-i backup-id]]
[--format=format] [--archive]
[--no-color] [--help]
pg_probackup delete -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
[-j num-threads] [--progress]
[--retention-redundancy=retention-redundancy]
[--retention-window=retention-window]
[--wal-depth=wal-depth]
[-i backup-id | --delete-expired | --merge-expired | --status=backup_status]
[--delete-wal]
[--dry-run] [--no-validate] [--no-sync]
[--help]
pg_probackup merge -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
-i backup-id [--progress] [-j num-threads]
[--no-validate] [--no-sync]
[--help]
pg_probackup add-instance -B backup-dir -D pgdata-path
--instance=instance-name
[--external-dirs=external-directories-paths]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--help]
pg_probackup del-instance -B backup-dir
--instance=instance-name
[--help]
pg_probackup archive-push -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
--wal-file-name=wal-file-name
[--wal-file-path=wal-file-path]
[-j num-threads] [--batch-size=batch_size]
[--archive-timeout=timeout]
[--no-ready-rename] [--no-sync]
[--overwrite] [--compress]
[--compress-algorithm=compress-algorithm]
[--compress-level=compress-level]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--help]
pg_probackup archive-get -B backup-dir --instance=instance-name
--wal-file-path=wal-file-path
--wal-file-name=wal-file-name
[-j num-threads] [--batch-size=batch_size]
[--no-validate-wal]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--help]
pg_probackup catchup -b catchup-mode
--source-pgdata=path_to_pgdata_on_remote_server
--destination-pgdata=path_to_local_dir
[--stream [-S slot-name] [--temp-slot | --perm-slot]]
[-j num-threads]
[-T OLDDIR=NEWDIR]
[--exclude-path=path_prefix]
[-d dbname] [-h host] [-p port] [-U username]
[-w --no-password] [-W --password]
[--remote-proto] [--remote-host]
[--remote-port] [--remote-path] [--remote-user]
[--ssh-options]
[--dry-run]
[--help]
参考文档
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/ME0P300MB0445018F5C924B2D88983F45B66CA%40ME0P300MB0445.AUSP300.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM
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最后修改时间：2026-09-14 09:34:35
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