single instance to 3 node rac

原创 Roger 2012-10-08

553

最近做了很多套系统的迁移，大小500G~3T不等，方法差不多，有单机、dataguard、rac。
本来是打算写一篇非常详细的总结文档，但是涉及到不少客户信息，加上自己有点懒，所以
这里就来一篇超级简洁版。


###### Single instance to rac（3 node）

1. create pfile
   
   此时不用添加rac相关的参数，直接从原库create一份即可。

  create pfile='/tmp/pfile.ora' from spfile;
  恢复到asm需要修改pfile中control_files参数。

2. Restore controlfile;

  rman target /
  startup nomount pfile='/tmp/pfile.ora';
  set dbid=2820248277;
  restore controlfile   from '/backup/backup_control.bak';

3. Restore datafiles


---restore_database.sh
rman target / <RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE  disk;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE  disk;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE  disk;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE  disk;
set newname for datafile   1  to '+data/ucp/datafile/SYSTEM.dbf';
set newname for datafile   2  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS1.dbf';
set newname for datafile   3  to '+data/ucp/datafile/SYSAUX.dbf';
set newname for datafile   4  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_01.dbf';
set newname for datafile   5  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_01.dbf';
set newname for datafile   6  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS2.dbf';
set newname for datafile   7  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_01.dbf';
set newname for datafile   8  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_01.dbf';
set newname for datafile   9  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_02.dbf';
set newname for datafile  10  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_03.dbf';
set newname for datafile  11  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_04.dbf';
set newname for datafile  12  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_05.dbf';
set newname for datafile  13  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_06.dbf';
set newname for datafile  14  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_07.dbf';
set newname for datafile  15  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_08.dbf';
set newname for datafile  16  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_02.dbf';
set newname for datafile  17  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_03.dbf';
set newname for datafile  18  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_04.dbf';
set newname for datafile  19  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_05.dbf';
set newname for datafile  20  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_06.dbf';
set newname for datafile  21  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_02.dbf';
set newname for datafile  22  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_03.dbf';
set newname for datafile  23  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_04.dbf';
set newname for datafile  24  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_05.dbf';
set newname for datafile  25  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_06.dbf';
set newname for datafile  26  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_07.dbf';
set newname for datafile  27  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_08.dbf';
set newname for datafile  28  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_02.dbf';
set newname for datafile  29  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_03.dbf';
set newname for datafile  30  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_04.dbf';
set newname for datafile  31  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_05.dbf';
set newname for datafile  32  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_06.dbf';
set newname for datafile  33  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS1_02.dbf';
set newname for datafile  34  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS2_02.dbf';
set newname for datafile  35  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS1_03.dbf';
set newname for datafile  36  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS2_03.dbf';
set newname for datafile  37  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS1_04.dbf';
set newname for datafile  38  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS2_04.dbf';
set newname for datafile  39  to '+data/ucp/datafile/PERFSTAT.dbf';
set newname for datafile  40  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_09.dbf';
set newname for datafile  41  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_10.dbf';
set newname for datafile  42  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_07.dbf';
set newname for datafile  43  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_08.dbf';
set newname for datafile  44  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_11.dbf';
set newname for datafile  45  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_12.dbf';
set newname for datafile  46  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_13.dbf';
set newname for datafile  47  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_09.dbf';
set newname for datafile  48  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_10.dbf';
set newname for datafile  49  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_11.dbf';
set newname for datafile  50  to '+data/ucp/datafile/GGS_TBS_01.dbf';
set newname for datafile  51  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_14.dbf';
set newname for datafile  52  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_15.dbf';
set newname for datafile  53  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_16.dbf';
set newname for datafile  54  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_17.dbf';
set newname for datafile  55  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS1_05.dbf';
set newname for datafile  56  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS2_05.dbf';
set newname for datafile  57  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS1_06.dbf';
set newname for datafile  58  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UNDOTBS2_06.dbf';
set newname for datafile  59  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_18.dbf';
set newname for datafile  60  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_DATA_19.dbf';
set newname for datafile  61  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_12.dbf';
set newname for datafile  62  to '+data/ucp/datafile/UCP_INDEX_13.dbf';
set newname for datafile  63  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_09.dbf';
set newname for datafile  64  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_DATA_10.dbf';
set newname for datafile  65  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_07.dbf';
set newname for datafile  66  to '+data/ucp/datafile/WEB_INDEX_08.dbf';
set newname for tempfile   1  to '+data/ucp/tempfile/temp01.dbf';
set newname for tempfile   2  to '+data/ucp/tempfile/temp02.dbf';
restore database from tag='DBFULL';
switch datafile all;
SWITCH TEMPFILE ALL;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
}
EOF

4. 拷贝原主库中archivelog到该主机(此时原生产机还未停止)


11gR2中 如果你archivelog存放在FRA磁盘组中，可以直接使用asmcmd命令进行cp拷贝，如下：
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_323.291.796093125  /arch/thread_1_seq_323.291.796093125 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_324.293.796094275  /arch/thread_1_seq_324.293.796094275 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_325.294.796096147  /arch/thread_1_seq_325.294.796096147 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_326.296.796100409  /arch/thread_1_seq_326.296.796100409 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_327.297.796103579  /arch/thread_1_seq_327.297.796103579 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_328.298.796106599  /arch/thread_1_seq_328.298.796106599 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_329.299.796107497  /arch/thread_1_seq_329.299.796107497 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_330.300.796108397  /arch/thread_1_seq_330.300.796108397 
cp  +fra/ucp/2012_10_08/thread_1_seq_331.301.796109067  /arch/thread_1_seq_331.301.796109067 


5. Register archivelog
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_322.290.796091183';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_323.291.796093125';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_325.294.796096147';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_326.296.796100409';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_327.297.796103579';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_328.298.796106599';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_329.299.796107497';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_330.300.796108397';
alter database register physical logfile '/arch/thread_1_seq_331.301.796109067';

当然你也可以使用更简单如下命令来注册archivelog：

rman target /
catalog start with '/arch';

6. Recover database

   rman target /
   recover database;

7. 第一次recover完成以后，由于我们业务系统还在运行，可能后面又会产生一些archivelog。
在该步骤停止业务系统，同时停库,停监听。

   
   SQLPLUS > alter system checkpoint;
   SQLPLUS > alter system switch logfile;
   SQLPLUS > alter system switch logfile;
   SQLPLUS > shutdown immediate
   lsnrctl stop
   

8. 追加archivelog，进行recover。

拷贝上面第7步骤原生产库产生的archivelog，到恢复主机上，进行注册。

这样我们再进行recover，最后open数据库，这样可以最大程度的减少停机时间，速度快的话
保持在10~30分钟是没有任何问题的。


9.  rename redo logfiles
                                                                               
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw7'  to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo1_1';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw12' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo1_2';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw8'  to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo2_1';   
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw13' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo2_2';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw9'  to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo3_1';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw14' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo3_2';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw10' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo4_1';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw15' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo4_2';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw11' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo5_1';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw16' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo5_2';  
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw17' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo6_1'; 
alter database rename file '/dev/raw/raw22' to '+DATA/ucp/onlinelog/redo6_2'   

10. Check checkpoint_change#是否一致

select max(checkpoint_change#) from v$datafile_header;
select min(checkpoint_change#) from v$datafile_header;

11. open resetlogs打开数据库

SQLPLUS > alter database open resetlogs;

说明：
 
  1) 使用backup controlfile进行恢复，正常情况下必须以open resetlogs方式打开，即使你把原库的redo拷贝过来进行恢复也一样;
  2) 如果想noresetlogs open数据库，唯一的方式就是重建controlfile，以noresetlogs方式重建即可。
  3) 上面的open resetlogs操作会重建redo，tempfile，所以你观察alert log中出现一些相关的错误，可以忽略掉。

12. Create rac redo logfile


alter database add  logfile thread 2 group 6  size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 2 group 7  size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 2 group 8  size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 2 group 9  size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 2 group 10 size 512m;
                                                        
                                                        
alter database add  logfile thread 3 group 11 size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 3 group 12 size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 3 group 13 size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 3 group 14 size 512m;
alter database add  logfile thread 3 group 15 size 512m;

13. Create undo tablespace


create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '+DATA' size 20480m autoextend off;
create undo tablespace undotbs3 datafile '+DATA' size 20480m autoextend off;

14. create spfile

SQLPLUS > create spfile from pfile='/tmp/pfile.ora';
SQLPLUS > shutdown immediate
SQLPLUS > startup mount

15. Modify cluster parameters


alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;              
alter system set cluster_database_instances = 3 scope = spfile;  
                                                                 
alter system set instance_number=1 scope=spfile sid='UCP1';      
alter system set instance_number=2 scope=spfile sid='UCP2';      
alter system set instance_number=3 scope=spfile sid='UCP3';     

16. Restart instance

export ORACLE_SID=UCP3
sqlplus "/as sysdba"
shutdown immediate;
startup

17. 根据该rac实例spfile，创建pfile，用于启动其他2个rac 节点


sqlplus "/as sysdba"
create pfile='/tmp/pfile.ora' from spfile;

18. 修改/tmp/pfile.ora中rac相关参数，以及创建相关的目录
19. 启动剩余的2个rac 实例
20. 修改undo_tablespace

alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs1 scope=both sid='UCP1'; 
alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2 scope=both sid='UCP2';
alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs3 scope=both sid='UCP3';

21. 注册数据库实例到crs中

srvctl add database -d UCP -o $ORACLE_HOME                                                         
srvctl add instance -d UCP -i UCP1 -n node1
srvctl add instance -d UCP -i UCP2 -n node2
srvctl add instance -d UCP -i UCP3 -n node3

22. 配置listener.ora、tnsnames.ora
23. 启动listener,测试业务.

说明：本来还是从10gR2 rac(raw)开始恢复，然后到10g单实例asm(该节点已经安装好11gR2 grid和db,但是
我tar了10g的 $ORACLE_HOME，使用10g创建了asm diskgroup),然后直接升级到11gR2,最后再从该11gR2
单节点恢复到另外一个3节点的11gR2 rac中。

由于第一次操作完成后，即升级完成之后，最后主机重启出现故障，无法启动，故作罢。最后可以花了
将近10个小时的时间直接从10g中exp导入到11gR2中，后面我接着从11gR2 恢复到3节点rac。

中间省略了很多的内容，不过大体上思路都差不多，没有什么复杂的东西，故不做过多描述。

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