Python气象数据处理与绘图：Geopandas调用在线底图

1https://contextily.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

1、导入模块

1import geopandas as gpd
2import contextily as ctx
3import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

2、读取数据

1shanghai = gpd.read_file('shanghai_shp.zip').to_crs('EPSG:3857')
2shanghai

打印输出：

3、绘图

(1)直接绘制

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='black', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4plt.show()

(2)openstreetmap

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='black', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='https://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/{z}/{x}/{y}.png',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()

(3)公路底图

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='black', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='https://a.tile.thunderforest.com/mobile-atlas/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?apikey=41f4f936f1d148f69cbd100812875c88',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()

(4)Stamen-terrain

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='black', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='http://{s}.tile.stamen.com/terrain/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()

(5)Stamen-toner

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='red', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='http://{s}.tile.stamen.com/toner/{z}/{x}/{y}.png',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()

(6)Stamen-watercolor

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='red', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='http://{s}.tile.stamen.com/watercolor/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()

(7)sputnik

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='black', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='http://{s}.tiles.maps.sputnik.ru/{z}/{x}/{y}.png',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()

(8)thunderforest

1fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
2ax = shanghai.plot(facecolor='none', edgecolor='black', ax=ax)
3ax.axis('off')
4ctx.add_basemap(ax, 
5                source='https://c.tile.thunderforest.com/cycle/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?apikey=41f4f936f1d148f69cbd100812875c88',
6                zoom=8)
7plt.show()