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系统健康管理之集中式存储健康模型

白鳝的洞穴 2020-04-23
1040
集中式存储的监控一直是传统架构系统监控的一个盲区,目前也没有很著名的运维自动化软件支持集中式存储的监控。但是集中式存储在传统架构的系统中的重要性十分高,是一旦出问题就会出现大灾难的IT基础设施。为了加强集中式存储的自动化运维能力,我们需要对集中式存储建立监控模型。
在系统健康管理中,我们如何来看待一台集中式存储呢?换句话说,集中式存储的健康度该如何看呢?
要对集中式存储进行健康分析,首先我们需要采集所需要的指标,实际上,集中式存储的指标标准在10年前就出现了,最著名的是SMI-S,原则上,几乎所有的知名集中式存储厂家都支持SMI-S标准,我们只要通过标准的接口就可以采集到大量的指标数据,用于我们的健康分析。不过不幸的是,很多存储厂商对SMI-S的支持不尽如人意,并且很多存储系统的SMI-S支持需要额外购买软件,因此对集中式存储进行指标数据采集并不容易。虽说不容易,不过总是能够采集。SMI-S可以提供如下的数据:
Profile NameProfile DescriptionProfile Type
Generic Target Ports ProfileModels  the generic behavior of target ports in storage systems such as disk arrays  and tape libraries. Separate profiles specialize this abstract profile for  Fibre Channel, iSCSI, and other transports.Component
FC Target Ports ProfileModels  the Fibre Channel specific aspects of a target storage system. Specializes  the Generic Target Ports Profile.Component
FCoE Target Ports ProfileModels the FCoE specific aspects of a target  device.Component
iSCSI Target Ports ProfileModels  the iSCSI specific aspects of a target device.Component
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Target Port ProfileModels  the SAS specific aspects of a target device. Specializes the Generic Target  Ports Profile.Component
Serial ATA (SATA) Target Ports ProfileModels the SATA specific aspects of a target  device. Specializes Generic Target Ports Profile.Component
SB Target Port ProfileModels  the SB (Single Byte) Fibre Channel specific aspects of a target storage  system. Specializes the Generic Target Ports Profile.Component
Direct Attach (DA) Ports ProfileModels  storage systems that attach directly to a host system. Behaves as both an  initiator port and a target port.Component
Generic Initiator Ports ProfileModels  the generic behavior of initiator ports in host adaptors. Separate profiles  specialize this abstract profile for Fibre Channel, iSCSI, and other  transports.Component
Parallel SCSI (SPI) Initiator Ports ProfileModels the SPI specific aspects of an initiator  port. Specializes the Generic Initiator Ports Profile.Component
iSCSI Initiator Port ProfileModels  the iSCSI aspects of an initiator port. Specializes the Generic Initiator  Ports Profile.Component
FC Initiator Ports ProfileModels  the Fibre Channel specific aspects of an initiator port. Specializes the  Generic Initiator Ports Profile.Component
SAS Initiator Ports ProfileModels  the SAS specific aspects of an initiator port. Specializes the Generic  Initiator Ports Profile.Component
ATA Initiator Ports ProfileModels the ATA specific aspects of an initiator  port. Specializes the Generic Initiator Ports Profile.Component
FC-SB-x Initiator Ports ProfileModels  the FC-SB-x specific aspects of an initiator port. Specializes the Generic  Initiator Ports Profile.Component
FCoE Initiator Ports ProfileModels  the FCoE specific aspects of an initiator port. Specializes the Generic  Initiator Ports Profile.Component
Access Points ProfileProvides  the addresses of remote access points for management services.Component
Health PackageProvides  the general mechanisms used for the expression of health in SMI-S. Does not  define how particular profiles, subprofiles, or packages report health.Component  Package
Job Control ProfileProvides  a way to manage operations that may run for long periods of time.Component
Location ProfileModels  location information.Component
Multiple Computer System ProfileModels  multiple systems that cooperate to present a “virtual” computer system with  additional capabilities or redundancy.Component
Physical Package PackageModels  information about a storage system’s physical package and optionally about  internal sub-packages.Component  Package
Power Supply ProfileSpecializes  the DMTF Power Supply Profile by adding Indications.Component
Fan ProfileSpecializes  the DMTF Fan Profile by adding Indications.Component
Sensors ProfileSpecializes  the DMTF Sensors Profile by adding Indications.Component
Base Server ProfileModels  a customer server or storage system containing storage elements. This profile  may be used to scope one or more HBAs or other storage elements.Autonomous
Media Access Device ProfileModels  media access devices such as tape and CD drives.Component
Storage Enclosure ProfileModels  an enclosure that contains storage elements (e.g., disks or tape drives) and  enclosure elements (e.g., fans and power supplies).Component
Software ProfileModels  software or firmware installed on a computer system.Component
Software Inventory ProfileModels  installed and available software and firmware.Component
Server ProfileModels a CIM Server that supports WBEM  protocols. Mandatory for all compliant SMI-S servers.Autonomous
Profile Registration ProfileModels  the profiles registered in the object manager and the associations between  registration classes and the domain classes implementing the profiles.Component
Indication ProfileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Indications Profile.Component
Object Manager Adapter ProfileModels the protocol adapters that are supported  for a CIM Server.Component
Proxy Server System Management ProfileProvides a way for an SMI-S server to discover  the devices it is supposed to manage.Component
Device Credentials ProfileProvides  a way to change the shared secret used by a CIM Server to access a device it  is supposed to manage.Component
Operational Power ProfileProvides  a way to obtain system power usage information in real time. This is a  profile supported by autonomous profiles such as the Array Profile and the  Self-Contained NAS Profile.Component
Indications ProfileProvides  support for event notifications. This can be a component profile of any other  profile, and is the DMTF Indications profile.Component
WBEM Server ProfileModels  a CIM Server that supports WBEM protocols. Defined by the DMTF in DSP1092  WBEM Server Profile. Mandatory for all compliant SMI-S implementations.Autonomous
Backend Ports SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the FC  Initiator Ports Profile.Component
Cascading SubprofileModels cross profile dependencies and  references.Component
Extra Capacity Set SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Multiple Computer System Subprofile.Component
Cluster SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Multiple Computer System Subprofile.Component
Experimental Indication ProfileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Indications Profile.Component
Miscellaneous Security ProfilesThe functionality of several experimental SMI-S  security related profiles has been subsumed by emerging profile developments  in the DMTF.Component
Diagnostics Job Control ProfileProvides a way to manage diagnostic operations  that may run for long periods of time. Specializes the DMTF Job Control  Profile.Component
Parallel SCSI (SPI) Target Ports ProfileModels the SPI aspects of a target device.  Specializes the Generic Target Ports Profile.Component
Array ProfileModels  RAID array systems. The RAID systems supported by this profile are standalone  and use local disks to store the data.Autonomous
Block Services PackageModels  existing storage capacity, the assignment of capacity to storage pools, and  the allocation of capacity to be used by external devices or applications.Component  Package
Block Storage Views ProfileSpecifies  View Classes for the Array, Storage Virtualizer, Host Hardware RAID  Controller and Volume Management Profiles.Component  View
Block Server Performance ProfileProvides  a way to manage performance information in block server storage systems.Component
CKD Block Services ProfileModels  the CKD (Count Key Data) storage of a block server storage system. This is a  subprofile that helps model mainframe storage.Component
Copy Services ProfileProvides a way to manage local mirrors, local  snapshots and clones.Component
Disk Drive Lite ProfileModels  disk drive devices.Component
Disk Sparing ProfileModels  the availability of backup storage capacity to be used in place of a failed  component in a block storage system.Component
Erasure ProfileProvides  a way to determine and manage the erasure methods supported by a storage  system.Component
Extent Composition ProfileProvides  information about how block storage elements from an underlying storage pool  are used in an implementation that supports the Block Services Package.Component
Masking and Mapping ProfileProvides  a way to manage which logical units (LUNs) are visible (exposed) to specific  initiators through specific target ports.Component
Storage Server Asymmetry ProfileProvides  a way to manage load balancing, ports and failover in high-availability  storage systems that have multiple redundant storage processors.Component
Storage Virtualizer ProfileModels  a storage virtualizer system that combines remote and local storage to act  like a RAID array system.Autonomous
Volume Composition ProfileModels  the ability of a storage system to combine existing storage volumes to make  them appear to be a single, bigger, volume.Component
Volume Management ProfileProvides a way to manage block storage  virtualization and the way that virtual block devices are presented to  clients.Autonomous
Storage Element Protection ProfileProvides  a way to manage access permission to a storage element that is either a  storage volume or a logical disk.Component
Replication Services ProfileProvides  a way to copy data from a source element to a target element. The copy  operations may be performed on elements from the same storage system or  across a connection to a different storage system.Component
Pools from Volumes ProfileModels  how a storage pool can be created from storage volumes.Component
Group Masking and Mapping ProfileProvides  a way to allow masking and mapping operations to be based on groups of  initiator ports, target ports, and devices.Component
Storage Relocation ProfileModels  relocation operations for moving storage (e.g. storage volumes, storage  pools, or logical disks) within the same storage system or across different  storage systems.Component
Thin Provisioning ProfileProvides  a way to manage thin provisioning. This is a specialization of the Block  Services Package.Component
Automated Storage Tiering ProfileProvides  a way to determine and manage the storage tiering features of a storage  array.Component
Automated Storage Tiering  Policy ProfileProvides Clients with a way create and manage  policies for automated storage tiering.Component
Storage Pool Diagnostics ProfileExtends  the Block Services profile by adding diagnostic methods for determining that  the storage pool is operating normally and for troubleshooting storage pool  problems.Component
Disk Drive SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Disk Drive Lite Subprofile.Component
LUN Creation SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Block Services Package.Component
Extent Mapping SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Extent Composition Subprofile.Component
LUN Mapping and Masking SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Masking and Mapping Subprofile.Component
Pool Manipulation Capabilities and Settings  SubprofileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Block Services Package.Component
Block Services Resource Ownership SubprofileProvides a way to manage the rights of a client  to grant or deny access to block storage resources.Component
File Export ProfileProvides  a way to manage the exporting of filesystems.Component
File Export Manipulation ProfileSupports  the creation, modification and deletion of file shares that are exported by  the File Export Profile.Component
File Server Manipulation ProfileSupports  the creation and deletion of virtual file servers and the
   modification of both virtual and non-virtual file servers.
Component
File Storage ProfileModels  the mapping of filesystems to logical disks.Component
Filesystem ProfileModels  a filesystem.Component
Filesystem Manipulation ProfileProvides  a way to configure and manipulate filesystems in the context of filesystem  profiles.Component
Filesystem Performance ProfileProvides  a way to manage filesystem related performance information.Component
Filesystem Quotas ProfileProvides  a way to manage filesystem quotas.Component
NAS Head ProfileModels  filesystem and NAS concepts for the case where the filesystem storage is  provided by external storage systems.Autonomous
Self-Contained NAS ProfileModels  filesystem and NAS concepts for the case where the filesystem storage is  provided by direct attach storage devices.Autonomous
NAS Network Port ProfileModels  protocol endpoints for file access and network protocols. Also models the  network port for these protocol endpoints.Component
Host Filesystem ProfileModels  the host filesystem constructs, and how it connects to storage from the  volume manager or storage system below it.Component
FileSystem Replication Services ProfileProvides  a way to create and manage replicas of file systems.Component
Filesystem Copy Services ProfileProvides a way to create and manage replicas of  filesystems.Component
Filesystem Remote Copy Services ProfileProvides a way to duplicate a filesystem from  one system to another.Component
Fabric ProfileModels  a group of SAN components that operate together as a single interconnected  system.Autonomous
Enhanced Zoning and Enhanced Zone Control  ProfileProvides  additional zoning functions for enhanced zoning.Component
Zone Control ProfileProvides  a way to manage zoning.Component
FDMI ProfileProvides  a way to manage devices such as HBAs through a Fibre Channel Fabric.Component
Fabric Views ProfileSpecifies  View Classes for the Fabric Profiles.Component  View
Virtual Fabrics ProfileProvides  a way to discover the underlying partitioning system in a virtual fabric.Component
Switch ProfileModels  the logical and physical aspects of a Fibre Channel switch.Autonomous
Blades ProfileProvides  a way to discover and manage blades in a director class switch.Component
Switch Partitioning ProfileProvides  a way to configure the partitioning system in a virtual fabric.Component
N Port Virtualizer ProfileModels  N Port ID Virtualization (NPIV).Component
Inter Fabric Routing ProfileModels  Inter Fabric Routing (IFR).Component
FCoE Fabric ProfileModels  the Ethernet Switch and Ethernet Ports provided by an FCoE Switch as well as  the end devices running FCoE.Autonomous
Switch Configuration Data ProfileProvides a way to retrieve and apply switch  configurations.Component
Extender ProfileModels an inter-switch link consisting of two  FC Extender Node devices and the network pipes that connect them.Autonomous
Router ProfileModels the FC/SCSI routers used in some tape  libraries. Similar functionality is included in the Storage Library Profile.Component
SAS Expander ProfileModels a single SAS expander.Autonomous
Fabric Path Performance ProfileProvides a way to obtain fabric path  performance information.Component
Fibre Channel Security ProfileProvides a way to expose the FC-SP Membership  and Connectivity policies.Component
Disk Partition ProfileModels  the partition (or slice) configuration services provided by operating systems  on some platforms.Component
FC HBA ProfileThis functionality has been subsumed by the  Storage HBA Profile.Autonomous
Storage HBA ProfileModels  the manageable elements of an HBA and optionally, the storage connected to  it.Component
Host Discovered Resources ProfileModels  the storage hardware resources attached to a host, the logical storage  resources available through the host OS, and the relationship between these  hardware and logical resources.Component
Host Hardware RAID Controller ProfileProvides  a way to manage a host-based RAID controller.Component
iSCSI Initiator ProfileModels  a network interface that acts as a client to an iSCSI target device.Autonomous
SCSI Multipath Management ProfileProvides  a way to manage multiple paths between a host and a SCSI device.Component
SB Multipath Management ProfileProvides a way to manage multiple paths between  a host and an SB (Single Byte) device.Component
Memory Configuration ProfileDescribes  memory resource pools which  group  memory resources with similar characteristics.Component
Persistent Memory Configuration ProfileDescribes  a model for managing persistent memory.Component
Storage Library ProfileModels  removable media libraries.Autonomous
Element Counting ProfileProvides  a way to count the number of physical tapes, storage media locations, and  other classes within a storage library.Component
Storage Library Capacity ProfileProvides  a way to obtain the minimum and maximum number of slots, drives, magazines,  media changers, and other elements associated with a storage library.Component
Limited Access Port Elements ProfileProvides  a way to obtain information about the limited access port elements in a  storage library, such as mailslots, cartridge access ports, or import/export  elements.Component
Partitioned Tape Library ProfileModels a Partitioned Tape Library (PTL).Autonomous
Virtual Tape Library ProfileModels a Virtual Library System.Autonomous
Virtual Tape Library Copy ProfileProvides a way to trigger tape copies.Autonomous
Library Views ProfileSpecifies View Classes for Storage Media  Library Profile, Virtual Tape Library Profile and Partitioned Tape Library  Profile.Component View
VTL Capacity and Reporting ProfileProvides a way to access point-in-time and  historical resource usage information (physical/logical capacity,  deduplication ratio, etc.) for VTL devices.Component
InterLibraryPort Connection SubprofileModels pass-thru ports or cartridge exchange  mechanisms between storage libraries.Component
Media Movement SubprofileProvides a way to physically move media from  one location to another within a storage library.Component
有了数据,下面我们就需要为集中式存储建立健康模型了。我们可以从下面的维度来分析集中式存储的健康状态:
序号分析维度说明
1总体情况1、存储的日志风险
   2、状态灯等总体健康状态
   3、读写错误的情况
   4、坏盘情况(总数,频率,最近是否存在坏盘情况)
2硬件健康状态背板、机头、接口板、电源、风扇、扩展箱的健康状态
3机头及接口板负载存储机头与各接口板的负载情况
4IO负载IO吞吐能力负载情况
5性能IO延时等性能数据
6命中率读写缓冲的命中率
7SAN网络健康SAN网络链路与端口的健康状态
8容量总体容量及各磁盘组的使用率
了解了这些情况,我们就可以着手建立集中式存储的健康模型,并用健康模型去进行存储的健康监控了。
最后修改时间:2020-04-23 08:07:52
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