Oracle DataGuard处理redo传输权限问题

alert 日志报错信息：

Error 1017 received logging on to the standby
PING[ARC0]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'ORCLDG'. Error is
16191.

ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
PING[ARC2]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'ORCLDG'. Error is
1031.

出现原因：

默认情况下，SYS用户在数据保护配置中用于重做传输，DG 会使用备库的密码文件来验证重做传输会话。如果primary数据库中的SYS用户密码被修改，则将无法重新验证传输会话，因为备库所使用的密码文件过期。所以会报：ORA-01017: invalid username/password or ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

处理：

1）停止远程日志传输
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2 = 'DEFER';
System altered

2）修改或传输密码文件
SQL> ALTER USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY newpassword;
User altered.

拷贝至备库数据库
$ scp orapwcl standby:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwclnb

3)备库验证密码文件
$ sqlplus sys/password as sysdba

4）启动日志传输
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2 = 'ENABLE';
System altered.

5）切换日志，并查看日志传输情况
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
System altered.

SQL> SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, BLOCK#, BLOCKS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY ;