干货：史上最全RPM打包教程之FPM

赛里运维 2019-04-22

2077

一、安装fpm工具

fpm工具其实是对rpmbuild进行封装，目的是使打包变成容易。由于此工具是ruby语言编写的，所以系统需要安装ruby，且ruby版本号大于1.8.5。

fpm开源项目：

https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm

1、安装ruby环境和gem命令（gem命令是从rubygem仓库安装软件，类似yum从yum仓库安装软件）

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ruby rubygems ruby-devel gcc

2、查看gem默认源

[root@localhost ~]# gem source list
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://rubygems.org/

3、添加阿里云rubygems仓库

[root@localhost ~]# gem sources -a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/ added to sources

4、移除默认的国外源

[root@localhost ~]# gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
https://rubygems.org/ removed from sources

5、查看gem源是否为阿里云

[root@localhost ~]# gem source list
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/

6、安装fpm工具

[root@localhost ~]# gem install fpm
Fetching: cabin-0.9.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cabin-0.9.0
Fetching: backports-3.13.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed backports-3.13.0
Fetching: arr-pm-0.0.10.gem (100%)
Successfully installed arr-pm-0.0.10
Fetching: clamp-1.0.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed clamp-1.0.1
Fetching: ffi-1.10.0.gem (100%)
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Successfully installed ffi-1.10.0
Fetching: childprocess-0.9.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed childprocess-0.9.0
Fetching: io-like-0.3.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed io-like-0.3.0
Fetching: ruby-xz-0.2.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed ruby-xz-0.2.3
Fetching: stud-0.0.23.gem (100%)
Successfully installed stud-0.0.23
Fetching: mustache-0.99.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed mustache-0.99.8
Fetching: insist-1.0.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed insist-1.0.0
Fetching: dotenv-2.7.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed dotenv-2.7.2
Fetching: pleaserun-0.0.30.gem (100%)
Successfully installed pleaserun-0.0.30
Fetching: fpm-1.11.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed fpm-1.11.0
Parsing documentation for cabin-0.9.0
Installing ri documentation for cabin-0.9.0
Parsing documentation for backports-3.13.0
Installing ri documentation for backports-3.13.0
Parsing documentation for arr-pm-0.0.10
Installing ri documentation for arr-pm-0.0.10
Parsing documentation for clamp-1.0.1
Installing ri documentation for clamp-1.0.1
Parsing documentation for ffi-1.10.0
Installing ri documentation for ffi-1.10.0
Parsing documentation for childprocess-0.9.0
Installing ri documentation for childprocess-0.9.0
Parsing documentation for io-like-0.3.0
Installing ri documentation for io-like-0.3.0
Parsing documentation for ruby-xz-0.2.3
Installing ri documentation for ruby-xz-0.2.3
Parsing documentation for stud-0.0.23
Installing ri documentation for stud-0.0.23
Parsing documentation for mustache-0.99.8
Installing ri documentation for mustache-0.99.8
Parsing documentation for insist-1.0.0
Installing ri documentation for insist-1.0.0
Parsing documentation for dotenv-2.7.2
Installing ri documentation for dotenv-2.7.2
Parsing documentation for pleaserun-0.0.30
Installing ri documentation for pleaserun-0.0.30
Parsing documentation for fpm-1.11.0
Installing ri documentation for fpm-1.11.0
14 gems installed

题外话：如果操作系统为CentOS6，可能会提示ruby版本问题，这个时候我们指定安装老版本（因为升级到新版本很麻烦）

[root@localhost ~]# gem install fpm
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing fpm:
    ruby-xz requires Ruby version >= 1.9.3.
[root@localhost ~]# gem install fpm -v 1.4.0

7、查看版本：

[root@localhost ~]# gem -v
2.0.14.1

二、编译安装nginx

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd nginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s sbin/nologin -g nginx -M nginx
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p tmp/installdir
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p root/soft
[root@localhost ~]# cd root/soft/




[root@localhost soft]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc automake pcre zlip zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel
[root@localhost soft]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd nginx-1.14.2
[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]#  ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_auth_request_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_dav_module \
--with-file-aio \
--with-pcre \
--with-stream




[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# make
[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# make install DESTDIR=/tmp/installdir

配置服务：

[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# mkdir -p tmp/installdir/usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# vi tmp/installdir/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking  
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid  
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f run/nginx.pid  
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID  
KillMode=process  
KillSignal=SIGQUIT  
TimeoutStopSec=5  
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

三、nginx脚本

创建安装前的脚本：

[root@localhost ~]# vim root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/pre_install.sh
#!/bin/bash
groupadd nginx
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -M nginx

创建安装后的脚本：

[root@localhost ~]# vim root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/post_install.sh
#!/bin/bash
chmod a+x usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx

创建卸载前的脚本：

[root@localhost ~]# vim root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/pre_uninstall.sh
#!/bin/bash
systemctl stop nginx
pkill -9 nginx

创建卸载后的脚本：

[root@localhost ~]# vim root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/post_uninstall.sh
#!/bin/bash
userdel -r nginx
rm -rf /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx
rm -rf /etc/nginx
rm -rf /var/log/nginx

四、打RPM包

fpm帮助：

[root@localhost installdir]# fpm -help

安装rpm-build工具（fpm依赖rpm-build）：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install rpm-build

fpm打包命令：

#el6：
[root@localhost ~]# fpm -f -s dir -t rpm -n nginx --epoch 0 -v 1.14.2 -C /tmp/installdir  -p /tmp/ -d 'gcc' -d 'gcc-c++' -d 'glibc' -d 'automake' -d 'pcre' -d 'zlip' -d 'zlib-devel' -d 'openssl-devel' -d 'pcre-devel' --verbose --category 'Applications/Internet' --description 'nginx' --url 'http://nginx.org/' --license 'BSD' -m 'nginx' --iteration '1.el6' --pre-install /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/pre_install.sh --post-install /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/post_install.sh --pre-uninstall /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/pre_uninstall.sh --post-uninstall /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/post_uninstall.sh --no-rpm-sign
#el7:
[root@localhost ~]# fpm -f -s dir -t rpm -n nginx --epoch 0 -v 1.14.2 -C /tmp/installdir  -p /tmp/ -d 'gcc' -d 'gcc-c++' -d 'glibc' -d 'automake' -d 'pcre' -d 'zlip' -d 'zlib-devel' -d 'openssl-devel' -d 'pcre-devel' --verbose --category 'Applications/Internet' --description 'nginx' --url 'http://nginx.org/' --license 'BSD' -m 'nginx' --iteration '1.el7' --pre-install /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/pre_install.sh --post-install /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/post_install.sh --pre-uninstall /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/pre_uninstall.sh --post-uninstall /root/soft/nginx-1.14.2/post_uninstall.sh --no-rpm-sign
No args, but -s dir and -C are given, assuming '.' as input {:level=>:info}
Setting workdir {:workdir=>"/tmp", :level=>:info}
Setting from flags: category=Applications/Internet {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: description=nginx {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: epoch=0 {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: iteration=1.el7 {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: license=BSD {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: maintainer=nginx {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: name=nginx {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: url=http://nginx.org/ {:level=>:info}
Setting from flags: version=1.14.2 {:level=>:info}
Converting dir to rpm {:level=>:info}
Reading template {:path=>"/usr/local/share/gems/gems/fpm-1.11.0/templates/rpm.erb", :level=>:info}
Running rpmbuild {:args=>["rpmbuild", "-bb", "--define", "buildroot /tmp/package-rpm-build-5937791a53acf5aef0d8eecc9468d9a8f6d73f2224f1b0871d40a12b0b8d/BUILD", "--define", "_topdir /tmp/package-rpm-build-5937791a53acf5aef0d8eecc9468d9a8f6d73f2224f1b0871d40a12b0b8d", "--define", "_sourcedir /tmp/package-rpm-build-5937791a53acf5aef0d8eecc9468d9a8f6d73f2224f1b0871d40a12b0b8d", "--define", "_rpmdir /tmp/package-rpm-build-5937791a53acf5aef0d8eecc9468d9a8f6d73f2224f1b0871d40a12b0b8d/RPMS", "--define", "_tmppath /tmp", "/tmp/package-rpm-build-5937791a53acf5aef0d8eecc9468d9a8f6d73f2224f1b0871d40a12b0b8d/SPECS/nginx.spec"], :level=>:info}
执行(%prep): /bin/sh -e /tmp/rpm-tmp.ksQwsK {:level=>:info}
执行(%build): /bin/sh -e /tmp/rpm-tmp.IcrzeQ {:level=>:info}
执行(%install): /bin/sh -e /tmp/rpm-tmp.yppD1V {:level=>:info}
处理文件：nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64 {:level=>:info}
Provides: nginx = 0:1.14.2-1.el7 nginx(x86-64) = 0:1.14.2-1.el7 {:level=>:info}
Requires(interp): /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh {:level=>:info}
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 {:level=>:info}
Requires(pre): /bin/sh {:level=>:info}
Requires(post): /bin/sh {:level=>:info}
Requires(preun): /bin/sh {:level=>:info}
Requires(postun): /bin/sh {:level=>:info}
写道:/tmp/package-rpm-build-5937791a53acf5aef0d8eecc9468d9a8f6d73f2224f1b0871d40a12b0b8d/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm {:level=>:info}
执行(%clean): /bin/sh -e /tmp/rpm-tmp.P8JPPe {:level=>:info}
Created package {:path=>"/tmp/nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"}

五、验证rpm包

[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# rpm -qpi nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Name        : nginx
Epoch       : 0
Version     : 1.14.2
Release     : 1.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: (not installed)
Group       : Applications/Internet
Size        : 7430970
License     : BSD
Signature   : (none)
Source RPM  : nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.src.rpm
Build Date  : 2019年04月17日 星期三 22时51分54秒
Build Host  : localhost
Relocations : /
Packager    : nginx
Vendor      : root@localhost.localdomain
URL         : http://nginx.org/
Summary     : nginx
Description :
nginx




[root@localhost tmp]# rpm -qpl nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/mime.types.default
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/scgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
/usr/local/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
/usr/local/nginx/logs
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/var/log/nginx




[root@localhost tmp]# rpm -qp --scripts nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
preinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
#!/bin/bash
groupadd nginx
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -M nginx
postinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
#!/bin/bash
chmod a+x /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
preuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
#!/bin/bash
systemctl stop nginx
pkill -9 nginx
postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
#!/bin/bash
userdel -r nginx
rm -rf /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx
rm -rf /etc/nginx
rm -rf /var/log/nginx

六、安装rpm包

方法1：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

可能提示缺失包

方法2：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall nginx-1.14.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

会先安装rpm打包说明的依赖包，然后再安装自己

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干货：史上最全RPM打包教程之FPM

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