前言

最近想试水一下MYSQL的OCP考试，所以要准备一下MYSQL的测试环境。一般来说，mysql的安装方式有三种，rpm包、源码编译、二进制安装包，repo源安装其实也属于rpm包安装方式，现将我的安装过程整理如下：

环境准备与说明

外网连接：长城宽带200M
路由器内网地址：192.168.10.1
主机环境：Windows 10 企业版 LTSC
虚拟机软件：VMware® Workstation 16 Pro 16.1.0 build-17198959
镜像文件：CentOS7.6.ova ( 下载地址：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1tQzbz_qeGF0tht3vXh8RTg?pwd=artp )

安装过程

1 基本环境

导入CentOS7.6.ova，生成主机djtest，修改虚拟机设置(视情况修改)：8G内存，2核CPU，网卡桥接，虚拟化引擎的3个选项都开启，开机。
控制台登录，用户root，密码123456

#修改主机名与IP
echo set nu>.vimrc
echo djtest>/etc/hostname
echo 192.168.10.48 djtest>>/etc/hosts
cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
sed -i.bak '/^IPA/ s/=.*/=192.168.10.48/;/^GATE/,/^DNS/ s/=.*/=192.168.10.1/' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
cat /etc/redhat-release 
#CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
init 0
#快照 djtest_first_env

2 前期准备

启动，SSH工具登录djtest

#更换yum源及yum版本：

#卸载yum
yum version
rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

#更新yum
cd /tmp && mkdir tt && cd tt
htpath='https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages'
#htpath='http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/'
wget $htpath/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget $htpath/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget $htpath/yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
wget $htpath/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
wget $htpath/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
wget $htpath/rpm-4.11.3-45.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget $htpath/python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
wget $htpath/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
wget $htpath/python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm
unset htpath
rpm -Uvh rpm-.*.rpm --nodeps 
rpm -Uvh python-*.rpm --nodeps
rpm -ivh yum-* --force --nodeps
cd /etc/yum.repos.d && mkdir -pv bk && mv -vf *.repo bk
rm -rf /tmp/tt

#版本查看
yum version

#更换repo为aliyun源
wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
sed -i 's#\$releasever#7#g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

#去除提示Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
rm -rf /var/lib/yum/history/*.sqlite

#缓存加速
yum clean all && yum makecache fast

#系统更新
yum -y update

#安装killall所需要的工具包
yum -y install psmisc

#确认一下防火墙和selinux状态
systemctl status firewalld
getenforce

#快照 before_mysql_ins

3a repo安装mysql

#卸载系统中可能预安装的版本
rpm -qa|grep mysql|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
rpm -qa|grep mariadb|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo<<EOF
# Enable to use MySQL 5.7
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
#baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64
#更换为国内源：
baseurl=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-repo/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
EOF
yum repolist all|grep mysql
yum install mysql-community-server -y

3b ==rpm方式安装

#官方或镜像站点下载后再上传也可以，效果是同样的
cd /tmp
htpath='https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-x86_64/'
wget $htpath/mysql-community-server-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget $htpath/mysql-community-client-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget $htpath/mysql-community-libs-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget $htpath/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget $htpath/mysql-community-common-5.7.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
unset htpath
yum -y localinstall my*.rpm

4 mysql简单测试

#快照 before_mysql_setup
mysqld --version
#mysqld  Ver 5.7.33 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server (GPL))

cat /etc/my.cnf
ls /var/lib/mysql

#无密码初始化数据库 不安全 以后再设置密码
mysqld --initialize-insecure
ls /var/lib/mysql

#避免错误提示
sed -i.bak '/^datadir=/ a explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1' /etc/my.cnf

#启动
mysqld -uroot &

#登录测试
mysql
 show databases;
 quit

#关闭
mysqladmin -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock shutdown

init 0

完结 PS

大概看了下，此方式安装的mysql 5.7.33中，没有mysqld_safe脚本程序，和二进制安装包还是有点区别，之后的详细配置修改等要视具体情况而定，再说。BYE