Linux6+Oracle11g 单机安装文档

原创 maoxiang123 2021-04-07

1162

环境

Oracle Linux 6.9+Oracle11.2.0.4
操作系统下载地址：
http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/oraclelinux/
IP：192.168.0.1
操作系统：Oracle Linux 6.9
内存：16G
主机名：his
数据库名：hrdb
实例名：hrdb

根分区50G，标准分区
boot分区1G，标准分区
swap分区8G，标准分区
/u01 50G 数据库软件安装分区，LVM
/data 100G 数据库文件分区，LVM
/backup 200G 备份文件分区，LVM
/archive 60G 归档文件分区，LVM

注意事项

使用oracle用户上传安装文件并解压

系统参数设置

#hosts文件配置
echo "192.168.0.1 his" >> /etc/hosts    

#创建PV
pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde    

#创建VG
vgcreate u01vg /dev/sdb         
vgcreate datavg /dev/sdc          
vgcreate backupvg /dev/sdd        
vgcreate archivevg /dev/sde   

#创建LV
lvcreate -n u01lv -L 50000M u01vg
lvcreate -n datalv -L 100000M datavg
lvcreate -n backuplv -L 200000M backupvg
lvcreate -n archivelv -L 60000M archivevg

#格式化分区
mkfs.ext4 /dev/u01vg/u01lv 
mkfs.ext4 /dev/datavg/datalv 
mkfs.ext4 /dev/backupvg/backuplv 
mkfs.ext4 /dev/archivevg/archivelv 

#写入启动项
echo "/dev/u01vg/u01lv  /u01  ext4  defaults  0 0" >> /etc/fstab         
echo "/dev/datavg/datalv  /data  ext4  defaults  0 0" >> /etc/fstab       
echo "/dev/backupvg/backuplv  /backup  ext4  defaults  0 0" >> /etc/fstab      
echo "/dev/archivevg/archivelv  /archive ext4  defaults  0 0" >> /etc/fstab 

#创建目录
mkdir /u01
mkdir /data          
mkdir /backup       
mkdir /archive 

#设置共享内存
echo "none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=12288m 0 0" >> /etc/fstab 
mount -a

#创建用户组
groupadd -g 1001 oinstall
groupadd -g 1002 dba
groupadd -g 1003 oper

#创建用户并授权
useradd -u 2001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data
chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup
chown -R oracle:oinstall /archive

chmod -R 775 /u01
chmod -R 775 /data
chmod -R 775 /backup
chmod -R 775 /archive

#设置oracle账户密码
passwd oracle

#挂载光驱，删除原repo文件
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
rm *.repo  

#配置yum源
echo "[EL]">> /etc/yum.repos.d/oel.repo   
echo "name=Linux 6.9 DVD">> /etc/yum.repos.d/oel.repo    
echo "baseurl=file:///mnt">> /etc/yum.repos.d/oel.repo   
echo "gpgcheck=0">> /etc/yum.repos.d/oel.repo  
echo "enabled=1">> /etc/yum.repos.d/oel.repo    

#安装软件包
yum install compat-libcap1 -y
yum install gcc -y
yum install gcc-c++ -y
yum install ksh -y
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y

#修改资源限制参数
echo "#ORACLE SETTING">> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle soft nproc 16384">> /etc/security/limits.conf    
echo "oracle hard nproc 16384">> /etc/security/limits.conf        
echo "oracle soft nofile 16384">> /etc/security/limits.conf           
echo "oracle hard nofile 65536">> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle soft stack 10240">> /etc/security/limits.conf           
echo "oracle hard stack 32768">> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard memlock 16000000">> /etc/security/limits.conf        #略低于物理内存，单位KB
echo "oracle soft memlock 16000000">> /etc/security/limits.conf        #略低于物理内存，单位KB

#配置资源限制
echo > /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
echo "* soft nproc 16384">> /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf 

#控制用户分配资源
echo "session    required     pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login

#修改内核参数
echo "#ORACLE SETTING" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf      
echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf         
echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf   
echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf          
echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf     
echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf           
echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf    
echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048586" >> /etc/sysctl.conf            
echo "kernel.panic_on_oops = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf       
echo "kernel.shmmax = 10995116278" >> /etc/sysctl.conf         #需要按实际情况改
echo "kernel.shmall = 2684354" >> /etc/sysctl.conf          #需要按实际情况改
echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf          
echo "vm.nr_hugepages = 5120" >> /etc/sysctl.conf     #需要按实际情况改

#强制生效
sysctl -p  

#关闭numa功能，在kernel行（2行）末尾增加numa=off
vi /boot/grub/grub.conf

#配置安全，修改SELINUX参数disabled
vi /etc/selinux/config

#强制生效
setenforce 0    

#关闭防火墙，开机不启动
service iptables stop      
chkconfig --level 35 iptables off

#关闭透明页面
echo "if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "fi" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "fi" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local  

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fi

#强制生效
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

#重启操作系统确认是否已关闭
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

#配置oracle账号环境变量
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile

export LANG=en_US
#export PS1='[\[\e[36;40m\]\u@\h:\w]$ \[\e[0m\]'
export PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=hrdb
export ORACLE_SID=hrdb
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/db_home
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export THREADS_FLAG=native
umask 022