问题描述
在9i以前,很多功能都是不区分表和物化视图的区别的,到了10g以后。很多功能会将表和物化视图区分对待。
专家解答
原本通用的COMMENT ON TABLE语句,对物化视图不再有效,必须要使用COMMENT ON MATERIALIZED VIEW语句代替。
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$VERSION; BANNER ---------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle DATABASE 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bi PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production CORE 10.2.0.4.0 Production TNS FOR Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production SQL> CREATE TABLE T_BASE (ID NUMBER, TYPE VARCHAR2(30), NUM NUMBER); TABLE created. SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ON T_BASE 2 WITH ROWID, SEQUENCE (TYPE, NUM) 3 INCLUDING NEW VALUES; Materialized VIEW log created. SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW MV_BASE 2 REFRESH FAST ENABLE QUERY REWRITE AS 3 SELECT TYPE, SUM(NUM) SUM_NUM, COUNT(NUM) CNT_NUM, COUNT(*) CNT 4 FROM T_BASE 5 GROUP BY TYPE; Materialized VIEW created. SQL> COMMENT ON TABLE MV_BASE IS 'COMMENT ON A MATERIALIZED VIEW '; COMMENT ON TABLE MV_BASE IS 'COMMENT ON A MATERIALIZED VIEW ' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-12098: cannot comment ON the materialized VIEW SQL> COMMENT ON MATERIALIZED VIEW MV_BASE IS 'COMMENT ON A MATERIALIZED VIEW '; Comment created. SQL> COL COMMENTS FOR A60 SQL> SELECT * FROM USER_MVIEW_COMMENTS; MVIEW_NAME COMMENTS ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ MV_BASE COMMENT ON A MATERIALIZED VIEW
其实不只是COMMENT发生了变化,关于物化视图的执行计划Oracle也对其进行细化,将物化视图的扫描和全表扫描区分开:
SQL> SET AUTOT ON EXP SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM MV_BASE; COUNT(*) ---------- 0 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash VALUE: 3034976462 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | ROWS | Cost (%CPU)| TIME | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | | | | 2 | MAT_VIEW ACCESS FULL| MV_BASE | 1 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note ----- - dynamic sampling used FOR this statement SQL> SELECT /*+ REWRITE */ TYPE, COUNT(*) FROM T_BASE GROUP BY TYPE; no ROWS selected Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash VALUE: 1008429399 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | ROWS | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| TIME | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 30 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | MAT_VIEW REWRITE ACCESS FULL| MV_BASE | 1 | 30 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note ----- - dynamic sampling used FOR this statement
在9i以前,很难从执行计划中区分扫描的是表还是物化视图,但是现在一目了然了。
总的来说,这种改进还是很有意义的,用户可以更清楚的了解处理的对象到底是表还是物化视图。
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