在这篇文章中，我们将讨论如何更改单实例数据库的DB_NAME和DB_UNIQUE_NAME 。
首先，让我们看看当前的状态。
SQL> select dbid, name, open_mode from v$database;
DBID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- --------- --------------------
3411734329 ORCLCDB READ WRITE在这种情况下，我们想将DB_NAME和DB_UNIQUE_NAME从 ORCLLCDB 更改为 TESTCDB。
我们将数据库重新启动到 MOUNT 状态。
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
...
Database mounted.
SQL> exit使用 DBNEWID 实用程序nid更改所有文件的数据库名称。
[oracle@test ~]$ nid target=sys/password dbname=TESTCDB
DBNEWID: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Dec 22 19:18:06 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to database ORCLCDB (DBID=3411734329)
Connected to server version 19.9.0
Control Files in database:
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB/control02.ctl
Change database ID and database name ORCLCDB to TESTCDB? (Y/[N]) => Y
Proceeding with operation
Changing database ID from 3411734329 to 2800509118
Changing database name from ORCLCDB to TESTCDB
Control File /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control01.ctl - modified
Control File /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB/control02.ctl - modified
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/example01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/temp01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/temp012020-07-14_23-10-41-107-PM.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/temp01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Instance shut down
Database name changed to TESTCDB.
Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.
Database ID for database TESTCDB changed to 2800509118.
All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.
Database is not aware of previous backups and archived logs in Recovery Area.
Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option.
Succesfully changed database name and ID.
DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.如果您不想要新的 DBID，可以设置SETNAME=YES以防止 DBID 更改。例如：
[oracle@test ~]$ nid target=sys/password dbname=TESTCDB setname=YES接下来，我们创建 PFILE 以供以后修改。
[oracle@test ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
...
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile' from spfile;
File created.
SQL> exit我们在参数文件中将DB_NAME从 ORCLLCDB 更改为 TESTCDB。
[oracle@test ~]$ vi /home/oracle/pfile
...
*.db_name='TESTCDB' # Changed by Ed Chen
...这里我们没有将参数DB_UNIQUE_NAME添加到文件中，这是因为如果我们在启动时不指定DB_UNIQUE_NAME ， DB_UNIQUE_NAME将跟随DB_NAME。
修改/etc/oratab。
[oracle@ora19c1 ~]$ vi /etc/oratab
...
#ORCLCDB:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1:Y
TESTCDB:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1:Y更改ORACLE_SID。
[oracle@ora19c1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=TESTCDB
[oracle@ora19c1 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
TESTCDB为启动创建一个新的 SPFILE。
[oracle@test ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
...
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile';
File created.我们将启动数据库，但唯一不同的是我们应该使用RESETLOGS打开数据库。
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
...
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.请注意，如果您没有通过在nid命令中指定SETNAME=YES来更改 DBID ，那么您不必使用RESETLOGS打开数据库。
让我们检查一下最终结果。
SQL> select dbid, name, open_mode from v$database;
DBID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- --------- --------------------
2800509118 TESTCDB READ WRITE
SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cdb_cluster_name string
cell_offloadgroup_name string
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string TESTCDB
db_unique_name string TESTCDB
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string TESTCDB
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
pdb_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name string
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
service_names string TESTCDB此外，我们注意到新的 SPFILE 已被使用。
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileTESTCDB.or
a我们做到了！
原文标题：How to Change Both DB_NAME and DB_UNIQUE_NAME of a Single-Instance Database
原文作者： Ed Chen
原文链接：https://logic.edchen.org/how-to-change-both-db_name-and-db_unique_name-of-a-single-instance-database/
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