sql*plus中文乱码

问题描述：sql*plus中文乱码.

系统：oel 7.9

数据库：oracle 19.12

SQL> desc yb_gjpt_mzbf;

 Name                                      Null?    Type

 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 ??                                                 DATE

 ??ID                                               VARCHAR2(36)

 ??                                                 VARCHAR2(36)

 ??CLOB                                             CLOB

 ??CLOB                                             CLOB

 ID                                        NOT NULL VARCHAR2(36)

 CZIP                                               VARCHAR2(36)

 CZY                                                VARCHAR2(36)

 CZDZ                                               VARCHAR2(36)

 ??                                                 VARCHAR2(4000)

 FHSJ                                               DATE

解决过程：

查数据库字符集.

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

Version 19.12.0.0.0

[oracle@xd1dbadm01 ~]$ echo $NLS_LANG

[oracle@xd1dbadm01 ~]$ export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

[oracle@xd1dbadm01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Nov 3 12:56:24 2022

Version 19.12.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

Version 19.12.0.0.0

SQL> desc yb_gjpt_mzbf;

 Name                                      Null?    Type

 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 日期                                               DATE

 号码ID                                             VARCHAR2(36)

 型号                                               VARCHAR2(36)

 传输CLOB                                           CLOB

 接收CLOB                                           CLOB

 ID                                        NOT NULL VARCHAR2(36)

 CZIP                                               VARCHAR2(36)

 CZR                                                VARCHAR2(36)

 CZQZ                                               VARCHAR2(36)

 报告                                               VARCHAR2(4000)

 FHWJ                                               DATE

说明：如上所示，sql*plus中文正常显示.