学习目标
学习openGauss数据库客户端工具gsql的使用。
课程学习内容
gsql是openGauss提供在命令行下运行的数据库连接工具，可以通过此工具连接服务器并对其进行操作和维护，除了具备操作数据库的基本功能，gsql还提供了若干高级特性，便于用户使用。
- 1.使用gsql命令连接数据库
- 2.在gsql中查看数据库的版本、pg基础版本和版权信息
- 3.常见元命令的使用
- 4.gsql中的事务：测试gsql中的默认事务自动提交功能
- 5.gsql中的事务：测试gsql中的事务手动提交功能
- 6.gsql相关的帮助
作业练习
1.gsql命令连到数据库omm
root@modb:~# su - omm
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=#2.查看数据库的版本、版权信息
omm=# select version();
version
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by g++ (GCC) 7.3.0, 64-bit
(1 row)
omm=# show server_version;
server_version
----------------
9.2.4
(1 row)
omm=# \copyright
GaussDB Kernel Database Management System
Copyright (c) Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved.
3.常见元命令使用
- \l命令，元命令\l的作用是显示openGauss数据库集簇中，目前有哪些数据库。
- \conninfo命令，元命令\conninfo的作用是在gsql中，显示会话的连接信息。
- \c[onnect] [DBNAME]命令，元命令\ c[onnect] [DBNAME]的作用是在gsql中，切换连接的数据库postgres。
- \du命令和\dg命令，元命令\dg命令与元命令\du命令的作用类似，都是显示openGauss数据库集簇中，目前有哪些用户和角色。
- \db命令，元命令\db的作用是显示openGauss数据库集簇中，目前有哪些表空间。
- \dn命令，元命令\dn的作用是显示当前数据库有哪些数据库模式。
- \dt命令，命令\dt的作用是显示数据库中所有的表。
- \d TableName命令，元命令\d TableName的作用是查看某个表的信息。
- \di IndexName命令，查看索引信息，元命令\di IndexName的作用是查看某个索引的信息。
- \pset命令可以以不同的方法显示表
- \x打开扩展表格式模式。
omm-# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+-------------------
omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
(4 rows)
omm-# \conninfo
You are connected to database "omm" as user "omm" via socket in "/tmp" at port "5432".
omm-# \c postgres
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
You are now connected to database "postgres" as user "omm".
openGauss-# \du
gaussdb | Sysadmin | {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {}
openGauss-# List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
openGauss-# \dg
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {}
openGauss-# -----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin | {}
openGauss-# \db
List of tablespaces
Name | Owner | Location
------------+-------+----------
pg_default | omm |
pg_global | omm |
(2 rows)
openGauss-# \dn
List of schemas
Name | Owner
-----------------+---------
blockchain | omm
cstore | omm
db4ai | omm
dbe_perf | omm
dbe_pldebugger | omm
dbe_pldeveloper | omm
gaussdb | gaussdb
pkg_service | omm
public | omm
snapshot | omm
sqladvisor | omm
(11 rows)
openGauss=# CREATE TABLE customer_t
( c_customer_sk integer,
c_customer_id char(5),
c_first_name char(6),
c_last_name char(8)
) ;
CREATE TABLE
openGauss=# INSERT INTO customer_t (c_customer_sk, c_customer_id, c_first_name,c_last_name) VALUES (3769, 5, 'Grace','White');
openGauss=# INSERT 0 1
openGauss=# \dt
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage
--------+------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
public | customer_t | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)
openGauss=# \d customer_t
Table "public.customer_t"
Column | Type | Modifiers
---------------+--------------+-----------
c_customer_sk | integer |
c_customer_id | character(5) |
c_first_name | character(6) |
c_last_name | character(8) |
openGauss=# create index idx_customer_id on customer_t(c_customer_id);
CREATE INDEX
openGauss=# \di
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Table | Storage
--------+-----------------+-------+-------+------------+---------
public | idx_customer_id | index | omm | customer_t |
(1 row)
openGauss=# \pset border 2
Border style is 2.
openGauss=# SELECT * FROM customer_t;
+---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------+
| c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name |
+---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------+
openGauss=# | 3769 | 5 | Grace | White |
+---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------+
(1 row)
openGauss=# \x
Expanded display is on.
4.使用两种方法，连到postgres数据库中
#方法一：omm@modb:~$ gsql -d postgres -p 5432 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.openGauss=# \q
omm@modb:~$
#方法二：
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm-# \c postgres
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
You are now connected to database "postgres" as user "omm".
openGauss-#
5.测试gsql中的默认事务自动提交功能
事务自动提交功能关闭测试：
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d postgres -p 5432 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
openGauss=# \set AUTOCOMMIT off
openGauss=# INSERT INTO customer_t (c_customer_sk, c_customer_id, c_first_name,c_last_name) VALUES
(6885, 1, 'Joes', 'Hunter'),
(4321, 2, 'Lily','Carter'),
(9527, 3, 'James', 'Cook'),
(9500, 4, 'Lucy', 'Baker');
INSERT 0 4
openGauss=# select * from customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
openGauss=# 9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
(5 rows)
openGauss=# ROLLBACK;
ROLLBACK
openGauss=# SELECT * FROM customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
(1 row)
openGauss=# 事务自动提交功能开启测试：
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d postgres -p 5432 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
openGauss=# \set AUTOCOMMIT on
openGauss=# openGauss-# INSERT INTO customer_t (c_customer_sk, c_customer_id, c_first_name,c_last_name) VALUES
(6885, 1, 'Joes', 'Hunter'),
openGauss-# (4321, 2, 'Lily','Carter'),
openGauss-# (9527, 3, 'James', 'Cook'),
openGauss-# (9500, 4, 'Lucy', 'Baker');
INSERT 0 4
openGauss=# select * from customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
(5 rows)
openGauss=# ROLLBACK;
NOTICE: there is no transaction in progress
ROLLBACK
openGauss=# SELECT * FROM customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
(5 rows)6.测试gsql中的事务手动提交功能
openGauss=# \set AUTOCOMMIT off
openGauss=# select * from customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
openGauss=# (5 rows)
openGauss=# INSERT INTO customer_t (c_customer_sk, c_customer_id, c_first_name,c_last_name) VALUES
openGauss-# openGauss-# (6885, 1, 'Joes', 'Hunter'),
(4321, 2, 'Lily','Carter'),
openGauss-# (9527, 3, 'James', 'Cook'),
openGauss-# (9500, 4, 'Lucy', 'Baker');
INSERT 0 4
openGauss=#
openGauss=# select * from customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
(9 rows)
openGauss=# commit;
COMMIT
openGauss=# \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d postgres -p 5432 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
openGauss=# select * from customer_t;
c_customer_sk | c_customer_id | c_first_name | c_last_name
---------------+---------------+--------------+-------------
3769 | 5 | Grace | White
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
6885 | 1 | Joes | Hunter
4321 | 2 | Lily | Carter
9527 | 3 | James | Cook
9500 | 4 | Lucy | Baker
(9 rows)
openGauss=# 7.了解gsql相关帮助
- gsql --help
- \h
- \?
详细情况如下：
omm@modb:~$ gsql --help
gsql is the openGauss interactive terminal.
Usage:
gsql [OPTION]... [DBNAME [USERNAME]]
General options:
-c, --command=COMMAND run only single command (SQL or internal) and exit
-d, --dbname=DBNAME database name to connect to (default: "omm")
-f, --file=FILENAME execute commands from file, then exit
-l, --list list available databases, then exit
-v, --set=, --variable=NAME=VALUE
set gsql variable NAME to VALUE
-V, --version output version information, then exit
-X, --no-gsqlrc do not read startup file (~/.gsqlrc)
-e, --echo-queries echo commands sent to server
-E, --echo-hidden display queries that internal commands generate
-k, --with-key=KEY the key for decrypting the encrypted file
-L, --log-file=FILENAME send session log to file -1 ("one"), --single-transaction
execute command file as a single transaction
-?, --help show this help, then exit
Input and output options:
-a, --echo-all echo all input from script
-m, --maintenance can connect to cluster during 2-pc transaction recovery
-n, --no-libedit disable enhanced command line editing (libedit)
-o, --output=FILENAME send query results to file (or |pipe)
-q, --quiet run quietly (no messages, only query output)
-C, --enable-client-encryption enable client encryption feature
-s, --single-step single-step mode (confirm each query)
-S, --single-line single-line mode (end of line terminates SQL command)
set record separator to zero byte
-2, --pipeline use pipeline to pass the password, forbidden to use in terminal
must use with -c or -f
Connection options:
Output format options:
-A, --no-align unaligned table output mode
-F, --field-separator=STRING
set field separator (default: "|")
-H, --html HTML table output mode
-P, --pset=VAR[=ARG] set printing option VAR to ARG (see \pset command)
-R, --record-separator=STRING
set record separator (default: newline)
-r if this parameter is set,use libedit
-t, --tuples-only print rows only
-T, --table-attr=TEXT set HTML table tag attributes (e.g., width, border)
-x, --expanded turn on expanded table output
-z, --field-separator-zero
set field separator to zero byte
-0, --record-separator-zero
-W, --password=PASSWORD the password of specified database user
For more information, type "\?" (for internal commands) or "\help" (for SQL
commands) from within gsql, or consult the gsql section in the openGauss documentation.
-h, --host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory (default: "local socket")
allow multi host IP address with comma separator in centralized cluster
-p, --port=PORT database server port (default: "5432")
-U, --username=USERNAME database user name (default: "omm")omm@modb:~$ gsql -d postgres -p 5432 -r^C
omm@modb:~$ omm@modb:~$
omm@modb:~$
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d postgres -p 5432 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
openGauss=# \h
Available help:
ABORT BEGIN CREATE TABLESPACE DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
ALTER APP WORKLOAD GROUP CALL CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
ALTER APP WORKLOAD GROUP MAPPING CHECKPOINT CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY DROP TRIGGER
ALTER AUDIT POLICY CLEAN CONNECTION CREATE TRIGGER DROP TYPE
ALTER DATA SOURCE CLOSE CREATE TYPE DROP USER
ALTER DIRECTORY COMMIT CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY DROP WORKLOAD GROUP
ALTER EXTENSION COMMIT PREPARED CREATE WORKLOAD GROUP END
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE COPY CURSOR EXECUTE
ALTER DATABASE CLUSTER CREATE USER DROP VIEW
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES COMMENT CREATE VIEW DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE FOR HDFS CREATE APP WORKLOAD GROUP DEALLOCATE EXECUTE DIRECT
ALTER FUNCTION CREATE APP WORKLOAD GROUP MAPPING DECLARE EXPLAIN
ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION CREATE AUDIT POLICY DELETE FETCH
ALTER GROUP CREATE BARRIER DO GRANT
ALTER INDEX CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY DROP APP WORKLOAD GROUP INSERT
ALTER LARGE OBJECT CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY DROP APP WORKLOAD GROUP MAPPING LOCK
ALTER MASKING POLICY CREATE DATA SOURCE DROP AUDIT POLICY MERGE
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW CREATE DATABASE DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY MOVE
ALTER NODE CREATE DIRECTORY DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY PREDICT BY
ALTER OPERATOR CREATE FOREIGN TABLE DROP DATABASE PREPARE TRANSACTION
ALTER NODE GROUP CREATE EXTENSION DROP DATA SOURCE PREPARE
ALTER PACKAGE CREATE FUNCTION DROP DIRECTORY PUBLISH SNAPSHOT
--More--
Most commands optionally preceded by integer argument k. Defaults in brackets.
Star (*) indicates argument becomes new default.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<space> Display next k lines of text [current screen size]
z Display next k lines of text [current screen size]*
<return> Display next k lines of text [1]*
d or ctrl-D Scroll k lines [current scroll size, initially 11]*
q or Q or <interrupt> Exit from more
s Skip forward k lines of text [1]
f Skip forward k screenfuls of text [1]
b or ctrl-B Skip backwards k screenfuls of text [1]
' Go to place where previous search started
= Display current line number
/<regular expression> Search for kth occurrence of regular expression [1]
n Search for kth occurrence of last r.e [1]
!<cmd> or :!<cmd> Execute <cmd> in a subshell
v Start up /usr/bin/vi at current line
ctrl-L Redraw screen
:n Go to kth next file [1]
:p Go to kth previous file [1]
:f Display current file name and line number
. Repeat previous command
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALTER PUBLICATION CREATE GROUP DROP EXTENSION PURGE
ALTER RESOURCE LABEL CREATE INDEX DROP FOREIGN TABLE PURGE SNAPSHOT
ALTER RESOURCE POOL CREATE LANGUAGE DROP FUNCTION REASSIGN OWNED
ALTER ROLE CREATE MASKING POLICY DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW DROP GROUP REINDEX
ALTER SCHEMA CREATE MODEL DROP INDEX RESET
ALTER SEQUENCE CREATE NODE DROP MASKING POLICY REVOKE
ALTER SERVER CREATE NODE GROUP DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW ROLLBACK
ALTER SESSION CREATE OPERATOR DROP MODEL ROLLBACK PREPARED
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION CREATE PACKAGE DROP NODE SAMPLE SNAPSHOT
ALTER SYNONYM CREATE PACKAGE BODY DROP NODE GROUP SAVEPOINT
ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION CREATE PROCEDURE DROP OPERATOR SELECT
ALTER SYSTEM SET CREATE PUBLICATION DROP OWNED SELECT INTO
ALTER TABLE CREATE RESOURCE LABEL DROP PACKAGE SET
ALTER TABLE PARTITION CREATE RESOURCE POOL DROP PACKAGE BODY SET CONSTRAINTS
ALTER TABLE SUBPARTITION CREATE ROLE DROP PROCEDURE SET ROLE
ALTER TABLESPACE CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY DROP PUBLICATION SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION CREATE SCHEMA DROP RESOURCE LABEL SET TRANSACTION
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY CREATE SEQUENCE DROP RESOURCE POOL SHOW
ALTER TRIGGER CREATE SERVER DROP ROLE START TRANSACTION
ALTER VIEW CREATE SUBSCRIPTION DROP SEQUENCE UPDATE
ALTER TYPE CREATE SNAPSHOT AS DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY TIMECAPSULE TABLE
ALTER USER CREATE SNAPSHOT FROM DROP SCHEMA TRUNCATE
ALTER WORKLOAD GROUP CREATE SYNONYM DROP SERVER VACUUM
ANALYSE CREATE TABLE DROP SUBSCRIPTION VALUES
ANALYZE CREATE TABLE AS DROP SYNONYM
ANONYMOUS BLOCK CREATE TABLE PARTITION DROP TABLE
ARCHIVE SNAPSHOT CREATE TABLE SUBPARTITION DROP TABLESPACE
openGauss=# \?
General
\copyright show openGauss usage and distribution terms
\g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)
\h(\help) [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands
\parallel [on [num]|off] toggle status of execute (currently off)
\q quit gsql
Query Buffer
\e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor
\ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor
Input/Output
\copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host
\echo [STRING] write string to standard output
\i FILE execute commands from file
\i+ FILE KEY execute commands from encrypted file
\ir FILE as \i, but relative to location of current script
\qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see \o)
--More-- \p show the contents of the query buffer
\r reset (clear) the query buffer
\w FILE write query buffer to file
\ir+ FILE KEY as \i+, but relative to location of current script
\o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe
Informational
(options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail)
\d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences
\d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index
\da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates
\db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces
\dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions
\dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts
\dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere
\ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges
\dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains
\ded[+] [PATTERN] list data sources
\det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
\des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers
\deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings
\dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers
\di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes
--More-- \df[antw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/trigger/window] functions
\dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations
\dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries
\dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers
\dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates
\dg[+] [PATTERN] list roles
\dl list large objects, same as \lo_list
\dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages
\dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views
\dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas
\do[S] [PATTERN] list operators
--More-- \dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations
\dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges
\drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings
\ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences
\dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables
\dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types
\du[+] [PATTERN] list roles
\dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views
\dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
\dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions
\l[+] list all databases
\sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition
\z [PATTERN] same as \dp
Formatting
\a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode
\C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none
\f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output
\H toggle HTML output mode (currently off)
\pset NAME [VALUE] set table output option
(NAME := {format|border|expanded|fieldsep|fieldsep_zero|footer|null|
numericlocale|recordsep|recordsep_zero|tuples_only|title|tableattr|pager|
feedback})
\cd [DIR] change the current working directory
\setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable
\timing [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off)
\t [on|off] show only rows (currently off)
\T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes, or unset if none
\x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded output (currently off)
Connection
\c[onnect] [DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-]
connect to new database (currently "postgres")
\encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding
\conninfo display information about current connection
Operating System
\prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable
--More-- \! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell
Variables
Large Objects
\lo_export LOBOID FILE
\lo_import FILE [COMMENT]
\lo_list
\lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations
\set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters
\unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable
openGauss=#最后修改时间：2022-12-03 11:48:00
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