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openGauss每日一练第11天 | 学习心得体会

原创 Randy 2022-12-04
414

学习目标

openGauss逻辑结构:数据库管理 —数据库是数据库对象的容器,在数据库中,可以创建模式、表、索引等数据库对象。openGauss数据库管理包括:创建数据库、删除数据库、重新命名数据库、查看数据库的信息。
创建一个新的数据库。缺省情况下,新数据库将通过复制标准系统数据库template0来创建,且仅支持使用template0来创建。

课程作业

1.创建表空间enmtbs和数据库musicdb

root@modb:~# su - omm omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# create tablespace enmtbs relative location 'tablespace/enmtbs1'; omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE omm=# create database musicdb with tablespace = enmtbs ; CREATE DATABASE

2.查看数据库集簇中有哪些数据库

omm=# SELECT datname FROM pg_database; datname ----------- template1 omm template0 musicdb postgres (5 rows) omm=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+------------------- musicdb | omm | UTF8 | C | C | omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C | postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C | template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm (5 rows)

3.查看数据库默认的表空间信息

--首先执行下面的语句,查看musicdb数据库默认表空间的对象OID: omm=# select datname,dattablespace from blockchain. dbe_perf. information_schema. pkg_service. sqladvisor. cstore. dbe_pldebugger. pg_catalog. public. db4ai. dbe_pldeveloper. pg_toast. snapshot. omm=# select datname,dattablespace from pg_database where datname='musicdb'; datname | dattablespace ---------+--------------- musicdb | 16389 (1 row) --–根据表空间对象的OID,来查看表空间的名字: omm=# select oid,spcname from pg_tablespace where oid=16389; oid | spcname -------+--------- 16389 | enmtbs (1 row) –--可以将上面的两条语句合并成一条语句,来查询数据库musicdb默认表空间的名字 omm=# select oid,spcname from pg_tablespace where oid=(select dattablespace from pg_database where datname='musicdb'); oid | spcname -------+--------- 16389 | enmtbs (1 row)

4.查看数据库下有哪些模式

\dn+ 或者 SELECT catalog_name, schema_name, schema_owner FROM information_schema.schemata; omm=# \dn+ List of schemas Name | Owner | Access privileges | Description | WithBlockChain -----------------+-------+-------------------+----------------------------------+---------------- blockchain | omm | | blockchain schema | f cstore | omm | | reserved schema for DELTA tables | f db4ai | omm | omm=UC/omm +| db4ai schema | f | | =U/omm | | dbe_perf | omm | | dbe_perf schema | f dbe_pldebugger | omm | omm=UC/omm +| dbe_pldebugger schema | f | | =U/omm | | dbe_pldeveloper | omm | omm=UC/omm +| dbe_pldeveloper schema | f public | omm | omm=UC/omm +| standard public schema | f | | =U/omm | | snapshot | omm | | snapshot schema | f sqladvisor | omm | omm=UC/omm +| sqladvisor schema | f | | =U/omm | | pkg_service | omm | | pkg_service schema | f | | =U/omm | | (10 rows)omm=# omm=# SELECT catalog_name, schema_name, schema_owner FROM information_schema.schemata; catalog_name | schema_name | schema_owner --------------+--------------------+-------------- omm | pg_toast | omm omm | cstore | omm omm | pkg_service | omm omm | dbe_perf | omm omm | snapshot | omm omm | blockchain | omm omm | pg_catalog | omm omm | public | omm omm | sqladvisor | omm omm | dbe_pldebugger | omm omm | dbe_pldeveloper | omm omm | information_schema | omm omm | db4ai | omm (13 rows) omm=#

5.查询当前连接的数据库下有哪些表:

with my_tables(table_catalog, table_schema, table_name, table_type) as ( select table_catalog, table_schema, table_name, table_type from information_schema.tables where table_schema not in ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema','dbe_perf') ) select * from my_tables; omm=# with my_tables(table_catalog, table_schema, table_name, table_type) as omm-# ( select table_catalog, table_schema, table_name, table_type omm(# from information_schema.tables omm(# where table_schema not in ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema','dbe_perf') omm(# ) omm-# select * from my_tables; omm=# table_catalog | table_schema | table_name | table_type ---------------+-----------------+------------+------------ omm | db4ai | snapshot | BASE TABLE omm | dbe_pldeveloper | gs_errors | BASE TABLE omm | dbe_pldeveloper | gs_source | BASE TABLE (3 rows)

6.更改数据库默认的表空间

omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE app_ts RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/app_ts1'; CREATE TABLESPACE omm=# ALTER DATABASE musicdb SET TABLESPACE app_ts; ALTER DATABASE ---查看表空间是否更改完成 select spcname from pg_tablespace where oid=( select dattablespace from pg_database where datname='musicdb' ); omm=# select spcname omm-# from pg_tablespace omm-# where oid=( select dattablespace omm(# from pg_database omm(# where datname='musicdb' ); spcname --------- app_ts (1 row)

7.重新命名数据库

omm=# ALTER DATABASE musicdb RENAME TO musicdb1; ALTER DATABASE omm=# \l postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C | template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm (5 rows) omm=# List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+------------------- musicdb1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C |

8.修改数据库的默认用户

omm=# create user user11 identified by 'kunpeng@1234'; NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure. CREATE ROLE omm=# alter user user11 sysadmin ; ALTER ROLE omm=# alter database musicdb1 owner to user11; ALTER DATABASE omm=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+--------+----------+---------+-------+------------------- musicdb1 | user11 | UTF8 | C | C | omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C | postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C | template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm (5 rows)

9.删除数据库

omm=# drop database musicdb1 ; DROP DATABASE omm=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm (4 rows) omm=# -----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+------------------- omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C | postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C | template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm
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