暂无图片
暂无图片
暂无图片
暂无图片
暂无图片

openGuass每日一练第13天|学习心得体会

原创 小严 2022-12-06
239

课程学习内容

软件版本openGauss 3.0.0

学习openGauss表的创建、搜索路径和访问方法等

数据库实操内容

环境准备

su - omm

gsql -r

root@modb:~# su - omm omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=#

–创建表空间enmtbs、数据库enmdb、用户user1,并授予用户user1 SYSADMIN权限:

CREATE TABLESPACE enmtbs RELATIVE LOCATION ‘tablespace/enmtbs1’;

CREATE DATABASE enmdb WITH TABLESPACE = enmtbs;

CREATE USER user1 IDENTIFIED BY ‘kunpeng@1234’;

ALTER USER user1 SYSADMIN;

\q

omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE enmtbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/enmtbs1'; CREATE TABLESPACE omm=# CREATE DATABASE enmdb WITH TABLESPACE = enmtbs; CREATE DATABASE omm=# CREATE USER user1 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234'; NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure. CREATE ROLE omm=# ALTER USER user1 SYSADMIN; ALTER ROLE omm=# \q omm@modb:~$

–以数据库用户user1的身份,连接到刚刚创建的数据库enmdb:

gsql -d enmdb -U user1 -W kunpeng@1234 -r

–执行下面的SQL语句,创建enmschm1、enmschm2模式

create schema enmschm1;

create schema enmschm2;

omm@modb:~$ gsql -d enmdb -U user1 -W kunpeng@1234 -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. enmdb=> create schema enmschm1; CREATE SCHEMA enmdb=> create schema enmschm2; CREATE SCHEMA enmdb=>

创建表

默认情况下,在某个数据库上创建的数据库对象(本例是表testtable),都位于该数据库中的public模式中。

–查看默认搜索路径:

show SEARCH_PATH;

enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; search_path ---------------- "$user",public (1 row) enmdb=>

–创建一个测试表testtable,并插入一条数据:

drop table if exists testtable;

create table testtable(col varchar(100));

insert into testtable values(‘Hello from testtable!’);

select * from testtable;

enmdb=> drop table if exists testtable; NOTICE: table "testtable" does not exist, skipping DROP TABLE enmdb=> create table testtable(col varchar(100)); CREATE TABLE enmdb=> insert into testtable values('Hello from testtable!'); INSERT 0 1 enmdb=> select * from testtable; col ----------------------- Hello from testtable! (1 row) enmdb=>

–查看当前数据库enmdb下的public模式有哪些表:

select table_catalog,table_schema,table_name,table_type from information_schema.tables where table_schema = ‘public’;

enmdb=> select table_catalog,table_schema,table_name,table_type enmdb-> enmdb-> from information_schema.tables where table_schema = 'public'; table_catalog | table_schema | table_name | table_type ---------------+--------------+------------+------------ enmdb | public | testtable | BASE TABLE (1 row) enmdb=>

在不同的模式(public和enmschm1),可以创建同名的表testtable

前面2的实验是在public模式下创建表testtable,下面是在模式enmschm1中创建同名的表testtable:

–执行下面的命令,查看当前的模式搜索顺序:

show SEARCH_PATH;

enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; (1 row) search_path ---------------- "$user",public enmdb=>

–执行下面的命令,在会话级重新设置模式搜索路径为模式enmschm1:

SET SEARCH_PATH TO enmschm1;

enmdb=> SET SEARCH_PATH TO enmschm1; SET

–执行下面的命令,再次查看当前的模式搜索顺序:

show SEARCH_PATH;

enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; search_path ------------- enmschm1 (1 row)

–在数据库enmdb的模式enmschm1中创建表testtable:

create table testtable(col1 char(100));

\dt

enmdb=> create table testtable(col1 char(100)); CREATE TABLE enmdb=> enmdb=> \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage ----------+-----------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- enmschm1 | testtable | table | user1 | {orientation=row,compression=no} (1 row) enmdb=>

为enmschm1模式下的testtable插入一条测试数据

由于当前的模式搜索顺序为模式enmschm1,因此不需要指定模式名,就可以为enmschm1.testtable插入新行。

insert into testtable values(‘Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm1!’);

select * from testtable;

enmdb=> insert into testtable values('Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm1!'); INSERT 0 1 enmdb=> select * from testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm1! (1 row) enmdb=>

使用SchemaName.TableName的表标识方法访问表

虽然当前模式搜索顺序没有模式enmschm2,但是我们仍然可以在模式enmschm2中创建表,方法是使用SchemaName.TableName的表标识方法,来指定在哪个模式下创建、插入、查询表。

–执行下面的命令,查看当前的模式搜索顺序:

show SEARCH_PATH;

enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; search_path ------------- enmschm1 (1 row) enmdb=>

–执行下面的SQL语句,将在数据库enmdb的模式enmschm2中创建表testtable、testtable1、testtable2:

create table enmschm2.testtable(col1 char(100));

create table enmschm2.testtable1(col1 char(100));

create table enmschm2.testtable2(col1 char(100));

enmdb=> create table enmschm2.testtable(col1 char(100)); CREATE TABLE enmdb=> create table enmschm2.testtable1(col1 char(100)); CREATE TABLE enmdb=> create table enmschm2.testtable2(col1 char(100)); CREATE TABLE enmdb=>

–并向模式enmschm2中新创建的表testtable,插入一行数据:

insert into enmschm2.testtable values(‘Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm2!’);

enmdb=> insert into enmschm2.testtable values('Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm2!'); INSERT 0 1 enmdb=>

–查看表中内容:

select * from enmschm2.testtable;

\q

enmdb=> select * from enmschm2.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm2! (1 row) enmdb=> \q omm@modb:~$

openGauss在一个用户连接到enmdb数据库时,可以访问不同模式中的表。

– 以数据库用户user1的身份,连接到数据库enmdb:

gsql -d enmdb -U user1 -W kunpeng@1234 -r

omm@modb:~$ gsql -d enmdb -U user1 -W kunpeng@1234 -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. enmdb=>

–查看当前会话的模式搜索顺序

show SEARCH_PATH;

enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; search_path ---------------- "$user",public (1 row) enmdb=>

– 查看不同模式下的表

select * from testtable;

select * from enmschm1.testtable;

select * from enmschm2.testtable;

enmdb=> select * from testtable; col ----------------------- Hello from testtable! (1 row) enmdb=> select * from enmschm1.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm1! (1 row) enmdb=> select * from enmschm2.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm2! (1 row) enmdb=>

课程作业

创建一个表(默认,不指定模式),查看该表在那个模式下

omm=# create table hello(col varchar(100)); CREATE TABLE omm=# \dt omm=# List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | hello | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (1 row) omm=#

使用一个用户连接到enmdb数据库,测试该用户可以访问不同模式中的表

omm=# gsql -d enmdb -U user1 -W kunpeng@1234 -r omm-# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -d enmdb -U user1 -W kunpeng@1234 -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. enmdb=> select * from testtable; enmdb=> col ----------------------- Hello from testtable! (1 row) enmdb=> select * from enmschm1.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm1! (1 row) enmdb=> select * from enmschm2.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm2! (1 row) enmdb=> select * from hello;

在会话级设置模式搜索路径为:模式enmschm1,使用SchemaName.TableName的表标识方法访问表

(创建表、插入数据和查询表中数据)

enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; search_path ---------------- "$user",public (1 row) enmdb=> SET SEARCH_PATH TO enmschm1; SET enmdb=> show SEARCH_PATH; search_path ------------- enmschm1 (1 row) enmdb=> select * from enmschm2.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm2! (1 row) enmdb=> select * from enmschm1.testtable; col1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hello from testtable IN SCHEMA enmschm1! (1 row) enmdb=>

课程学习体会

​ 通过本次的实训操作,学习掌握创建、搜索路径、访问以及设置不同模式访问表。

「喜欢这篇文章,您的关注和赞赏是给作者最好的鼓励」
关注作者
【版权声明】本文为墨天轮用户原创内容,转载时必须标注文章的来源(墨天轮),文章链接,文章作者等基本信息,否则作者和墨天轮有权追究责任。如果您发现墨天轮中有涉嫌抄袭或者侵权的内容,欢迎发送邮件至:contact@modb.pro进行举报,并提供相关证据,一经查实,墨天轮将立刻删除相关内容。

评论