学习目标
掌握openGauss的用户和角色管理。
课程学习
使用create user创建的用户与使用create role创建的用户的区别在于，前者可以直接连接登录数据库，而使用create role创建的用户不能直接登录到数据库。必须添加LOGIN权限后，才能登录到数据库管理系统。
删除用户，首先需要将用户拥有的数据库对象转移或者删除。
课程作业
1、创建test10_tbs的表空间，在这个表空间中创建数据库testdb10
gsql -r
CREATE TABLESPACE test10_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test10_tbs';
CREATE DATABASE testdb10 WITH TABLESPACE = test10_tbs;
2、使用create user创建用户user10，登录数据库testdb10，创建测试表t1和t2
--创建一个名叫user10的数据库用户，其密码为kunpeng@1234，并将数据库testdb所有的权限都授予用户user10：
CREATE USER user10 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234';
GRANT ALL ON DATABASE testdb TO user10;
--执行下面的gsql元命令，查看系统目前有哪些数据库：
\l
--执行下面的gsql元命令，查看系统目前有哪些用户：
\du
\q
--用刚刚创建的数据库用户user1登录到数据库testdb
gsql -d testdb -U user10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r
\q
3、使用create role创建角色role10，登录数据库testdb10
omm=# CREATE ROLE role10 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234';
CREATE ROLE
omm=# GRANT ALL ON DATABASE testdb10 TO role10;
GRANT
[omm@alldb ~]$ gsql -d testdb10 -U role10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r -p15432
gsql: FATAL: role "role10" is not permitted to login
--报错了，不让登陆，查询下信息，没有登陆权限
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
role10 | Cannot login
| {}
user10 | Create DB, Sysadmin
| {}
4、将表t1直接删除，将前面创建的表空间和数据库、表t2转给role10，删除用户user10
testdb10=> drop table t1;
DROP TABLE
omm=# \db
List of tablespaces
Name | Owner | Location
------------+-------+------------------------
myindex_ts | omm | tablespace/myindex_ts1
pg_default | omm |
pg_global | omm |
test10_tbs | omm | tablespace/test10_tbs
(4 rows)
omm=# alter tablespace test10_tbs owner to role10;
ALTER TABLESPACE
omm=# \db
List of tablespaces
Name | Owner | Location
------------+--------+------------------------
myindex_ts | omm | tablespace/myindex_ts1
pg_default | omm |
pg_global | omm |
test10_tbs | role10 | tablespace/test10_tbs
(4 rows)
omm=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+--------+----------+---------+-------+-------------------
omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
testdb10 | user10 | UTF8 | C | C | =Tc/user10 +
| | | | | user10=CTc/user10+
| | | | | user10=APm/user10+
| | | | | role10=CTc/user10+
| | | | | role10=APm/user10
(5 rows)
omm=# alter database testdb10 owner to role10;
ALTER DATABASE
omm=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+--------+----------+---------+-------+-------------------
omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
testdb10 | role10 | UTF8 | C | C | =Tc/role10 +
| | | | | role10=CTc/role10+
| | | | | role10=APm/role10
(5 rows)
testdb10=> \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage
--------+------+-------+--------+----------------------------------
public | t2 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)
testdb10=> alter table t2 owner to role10;
ALTER TABLE
testdb10=>
testdb10=> \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage
--------+------+-------+--------+----------------------------------
public | t2 | table | role10 | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
role10 | Cannot login
| {}
user10 | Create DB, Sysadmin
| {}
omm=# drop user user10;
DROP ROLE
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----+-----------
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, U
seFT | {}
role10 | Cannot login
| {}
5、最后删除role10
omm=# drop user role10;
ERROR: role "role10" cannot be dropped because some objects depend on it
DETAIL: owner of database testdb10
owner of tablespace test10_tbs
1 object in database testdb10
omm=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+--------+----------+---------+-------+-------------------
omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
testdb10 | role10 | UTF8 | C | C | =Tc/role10 +
| | | | | role10=CTc/role10+
| | | | | role10=APm/role10
(5 rows)
omm=# drop database testdb10;
ERROR: Database "testdb10" is being accessed by other users. You can stop all connections by command: "clean connection to all force for database XXXX;" or wait for the sessions to end by querying view: "pg_stat_activity".
DETAIL: There is 1 other session using the database.
omm=# drop database testdb10;
DROP DATABASE
omm=# drop user role10;
ERROR: role "role10" cannot be dropped because some objects depend on it
DETAIL: owner of tablespace test10_tbs
omm=#
omm=#
omm=# drop tablespace test10_tbs;
DROP TABLESPACE
omm=#
omm=# drop user role10;
DROP ROLE
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