学习目标
掌握openGauss的用户和角色管理。
课程学习
使用create user创建的用户与使用create role创建的用户的区别在于，前者可以直接连接登录数据库，而使用create role创建的用户不能直接登录到数据库。必须添加LOGIN权限后，才能登录到数据库管理系统。
删除用户，首先需要将用户拥有的数据库对象转移或者删除。
课程作业
1、创建test10_tbs的表空间，在这个表空间中创建数据库testdb10
root@modb:~# su - omm
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE test10_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test10_tbs1';
CREATE TABLESPACE
omm=# CREATE DATABASE testdb10 WITH TABLESPACE = test10_tbs;
CREATE DATABASE
omm=#
2、使用create user创建用户user10，登录数据库testdb10，创建测试表t1和t2 ------------- 使用create user创建的用户，具有登录权限。
CREATE USER user10 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234';
GRANT ALL ON DATABASE testdb10 TO user10;
create table t1 (col1 char(10)) TABLESPACE test10_tbs ;
create table t2 (col1 char(10)) TABLESPACE test10_tbs ;
omm=# CREATE USER user10 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# GRANT ALL ON DATABASE testdb10 TO user10;
GRANT
omm=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+-------------------
omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C |
template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
testdb10 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =Tc/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm +
| | | | | user10=CTc/omm +
| | | | | user10=APm/omm
(5 rows)
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb10 -U user10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
testdb10=>
testdb10=> create table t1 (col1 char(10)) TABLESPACE test10_tbs ;
CREATE TABLE
testdb10=> create table t2 (col1 char(10)) TABLESPACE test10_tbs ;
testdb10=> CREATE TABLE
testdb10=> \dt
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage
--------+------+-------+--------+----------------------------------
public | t1 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no}
public | t2 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(2 rows)
----可以登录
3、使用create role创建角色role10，登录数据库testdb10 ---------------
使用create role命令创建的用户user2，没有登录权限。
testdb10=> \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=# create role role10 identified by 'kunpeng@1234';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# grant ALL on DATABASE testdb10 to role10 ;
GRANT
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT
| {}
role10 | Cannot login
| {}
user10 |
| {}
omm=# \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb10 -U role10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r
gsql: FATAL: role "role10" is not permitted to login
------------授予用户user2登录权限后，可以登录数据库
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=# alter role role10 login ;
ALTER ROLE
omm=# \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb10 -U role10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
testdb10=>
4、将表t1直接删除，将前面创建的表空间和数据库、表t2转给role10，删除用户user10
testdb10=> alter database testdb10 owner to role10 ;
ALTER DATABASE
testdb10=> alter tablespace test10_tbs owner to role10 ;
ALTER TABLESPACE
testdb10=> revoke ALL on DATABASE testdb10 from user10;
REVOKE
**----若表t1 t2还有用将表t1 t2转移给用户role10：**
testdb10=> reassign owned by user10 to role10 ;
REASSIGN OWNED
testdb10=> \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=# drop user user10 ;
DROP ROLE
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT
| {}
role10 | Sysadmin
| {}
omm=#
5、最后删除role10
omm=# create user test identified by 'kunpeng@1234';
NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# alter user test sysadmin ;
ALTER ROLE
omm=# alter database testdb10 owner to test;
ALTER DATABASE
omm=# alter tablespace test10_tbs owner to test ;
ALTER TABLESPACE
-----若表t1 t2已经没有用了，我们可以删除表t1 t2：
testdb10=> drop table t1;
DROP TABLE
testdb10=> drop table t2;
DROP TABLE
testdb10=> \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=# drop role role10 ;
DROP ROLE
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