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第二届openGauss每日一练第20天

原创 孙莹 2022-12-13
184

学习目标

掌握openGauss数据库的逻辑备份和恢复技术。

课程学习

1.为逻辑备份准备环境

--创建逻辑备份的存储目录: su - omm mkdir /var/lib/opengauss/backup --创建备份恢复用户,需要具有super或者sysadmin权限 gsql -r create user test IDENTIFIED BY 'huawei@1234' sysadmin ; --创建恢复测试数据库testdb CREATE TABLESPACE test_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test_tbs1'; CREATE DATABASE testdb WITH TABLESPACE = test_tbs; --在omm数据库上,创建测试表test1、test2: CREATE TABLE test1(col int); CREATE TABLE test2(col int); \q --查看数据 gsql -d omm -c "\dt"

2.逻辑备份和恢复案例1(sql格式)
逻辑备份,使用gs_dump备份数据库,生成sql文件:

--使用test用户,备份数据库omm: gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql 逻辑恢复: --使用用户test,执行用gs_dump生成的sql脚本,将数据恢复到testdb数据库中: gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql

恢复验证:

--验证数据库omm的备份已经被恢复到数据库testdb: --源库(备份的数据库): gsql -d omm -c "\dt" --新库(恢复的数据库): gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"
  1. openGauss数据库逻辑备份和恢复案例2(dump格式)
    逻辑备份:使用gs_dump备份数据库,生成归档格式的备份文件
--创建测试数据 gsql -r CREATE TABLE test3(col int); CREATE TABLE test4(col int); \q --使用test用户,备份omm数据库,生成归档格式的备份文件: gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump

逻辑恢复:

--使用gs_dump生成的归档文件恢复数据库 gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump

恢复验证:

--源库(备份的数据库): gsql -d omm -c "\dt" --新库(恢复的数据库): gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"

课程作业

1.逻辑备份和恢复案例1:使用sql格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库

2.逻辑备份和恢复案例2:使用dump格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库

Welcome to 墨天轮. This is Web Terminal of modb.pro; Good Good Study, Day Day Up. root@modb:~# root@modb:~# su - omm omm@modb:~$ mkdir /var/lib/opengauss/backup omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# create user test IDENTIFIED BY 'huawei@1234' sysadmin ; NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure. CREATE ROLE omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE test_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test_tbs1'; CREATE TABLESPACE omm=# CREATE DATABASE testdb WITH TABLESPACE = test_tbs; CREATE DATABASE omm=# CREATE TABLE test1(col int); CREATE TABLE omm=# CREATE TABLE test2(col int); CREATE TABLE omm=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (2 rows) omm=# \q omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:14:37]: The total objects number is 413. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:14:37]: [100.00%] 413 objects have been dumped. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:14:37]: dump database omm successfully gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:14:37]: total time: 1476 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# DROP TABLE test1; DROP TABLE omm=# DROP TABLE test2; DROP TABLE omm=# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql SET SET SET SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql:16: ERROR: schema "test" already exists ALTER SCHEMA SET SET SET CREATE TABLE ALTER TABLE CREATE TABLE ALTER TABLE REVOKE REVOKE GRANT GRANT total time: 216 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (2 rows) omm=# CREATE TABLE test3(col int); CREATE TABLE omm=# CREATE TABLE test4(col int); CREATE TABLE omm=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test3 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test4 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} omm=# (4 rows) omm=# \q omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:22:01]: The total objects number is 417. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:22:01]: [100.00%] 417 objects have been dumped. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:22:01]: dump database omm successfully gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 10:22:01]: total time: 1705 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# DROP TABLE test3; DROP TABLE omm=# DROP TABLE test4; DROP TABLE omm=# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump SET SET SET SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:16: ERROR: schema "test" already exists ALTER SCHEMA SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:34: ERROR: relation "test1" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:46: ERROR: relation "test2" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE CREATE TABLE ALTER TABLE CREATE TABLE ALTER TABLE REVOKE REVOKE GRANT GRANT total time: 21 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test3 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test4 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (4 rows) omm-# \q omm@modb:~$
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