zabbix监控安装部署实战

大数据与云原生技术分享 2021-04-13

212

一. 部署架构图

二. 安装环境及版本信息

操作系统:centos7

zabbix版本: 4.4

mysql: 5.7.28

三.zabbix server安装（192.168.182.132）

rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-optional-rpms
yum install epel-release  numactl
yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-nginx-conf  -y

注意：如果出现yum安装不了，则可以修改/etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo

[zabbix]
name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch
#baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
skip_if_unavailable = 1
keepcache = 0


[zabbix-debuginfo]
name=Zabbix Official Repository debuginfo - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/$basearch/debuginfo/
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
gpgcheck=1

四. mysql安装（192.168.182.132）

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C app/
cd app/
mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
mkdir app/mysql/{data,logs}
groupadd mysql
useradd -g  mysql mysql
chown mysql:mysql app/mysql -R


1、配置mysql 配置文件：
复制代码
[client]
port = 3306
socket = tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8


# 配置账号密码、ip;实现命令行直接"免密码"登录
[mysql]
host=192.168.182.132
user=zabbix
password=zabbix


[mysqladmin]
host=192.168.182.132
user=zabbix
password=zabbix


[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = tmp/mysql.sock


basedir = app/mysql
datadir = app/mysql/data
pid-file = app/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1


init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8
log_timestamps=SYSTEM


skip-name-resolve
back_log = 300


max_connections = 613
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 256
max_allowed_packet = 500M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 32M


read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 16M


thread_cache_size = 16


query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 16M
query_cache_limit = 2M


ft_min_word_len = 4


log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 7


log_error = app/mysql/logs/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = app/mysql/logs/mysql-slow.log


performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp






skip-external-locking


default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120


bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1


interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800


[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 500M


[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M
复制代码
2、数据库初始化：
cd app/mysql/
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/app/mysql/data --innodb_undo_tablespaces=3 --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp


登录的临时密码在error文件中（/app/mysql/logs/mysql-error.log）
##
porary password is generated for root@localhost: Jm=%mM7w)UBq
##


cp -a app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server etc/init.d/mysql
echo "export PATH=/app/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> etc/profile
source etc/profile


# 启动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql start


# 使用日志中的临时密码（Jm=%mM7w)UBq）登录mysql
mysql -u root -p


# 设置root密码：
mysql>set password for root@localhost = password('root');


# 创建zabbix库：
create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
# 授权：
grant all privileges on *.* to zabbix@'%' identified by 'zabbix';
# 刷新权限
flush privileges;


# 导入数据到zabbix
zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz |  mysql -uroot -p  zabbix

五.配置zabbix_server

1、修改配置
# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
复制代码
LogFile=/app/zabbix/logs/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix
DBHost=192.168.182.132
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
SNMPTrapperFile=/app/zabbix/logs/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/app/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/app/zabbix/externalscripts
LogSlowQueries=3000
StatsAllowedIP=127.0.0.1
复制代码
2、创建相关目录:
mkdir -p /app/zabbix/logs/snmptrap
mkdir /app/zabbix/{alertscripts,externalscripts}
chown zabbix:zabbix /app/zabbix/ -R


3、修改时区：
# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
# 添加/修改配置：
php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai


4、启动apache
systemctl start httpd.service
5、启动php
systemctl start php-fpm.service
6、启动zabbix server
systemctl start zabbix-server.service


访问：http:ip/zabbix  


注意：第一次登录填写mysql连接信息时候地址需要填0.0.0.0

六. 修改字体

# 上传windows中的字体MSYH.TTC(微软雅黑) 到/home/wwwroot/default/zabbix/fonts目录
ln -s /home/wwwroot/default/zabbix/fonts/MSYH.TTC /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font

七.安装graphtree插件（选）

graphtree是一个图形展示插件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OneOaaS/graphtrees/master/graphtree3.0.4.patch
yum install -y patch
cp -a /usr/share/zabbix /usr/share/zabbix.bak
mv graphtree3.0.4.patch /usr/share/zabbix/
cd /usr/share/zabbix
patch  -Np0 <graphtree3.0.4.patch
chown apache:apache oneoaas -R
添加配置：vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
    Alias /oneoaas /usr/share/zabbix/oneoaas
systemctl restart httpd.service zabbix-server.service

八.zabbix proxy(192.168.182.130) 部署:

8.1、yum安装

rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
yum clean all
# 先查找zabbix-proxy,yum search zabbix-proxy
yum install zabbix-proxy-mysql.x86_64 zabbix-agent.x86_64


curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache
# 再执行
yum install zabbix-proxy-mysql.x86_64 zabbix-agent.x86_64
# 创建zabbix库：
create database zabbix_proxy character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
# 授权：
grant all privileges on zabbix_proxy.* to zabbix@'%' identified by 'zabbix';
# 刷新权限
flush privileges;
# 部署mysql 步骤和在zabbix server中部署一样，区别在导入数据时候不一样：
# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-proxy-mysql*/schema.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p zabbix_proxy


# 修改zabbix-proxy配置：vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf
复制代码
Server=192.168.182.132            # 真正的服务端(zabbix server)
ServerPort=10051                  # 根据个人需要修改，一般可以不改，默认端口是10051，要实现转发的话使用这个选项(zabbix server)
ListenPort=10051                  # zabbix-proxy服务监听的端口，默认就好
Hostname=Zabbix proxy             # proxy的hostname，在web端网页配置时需要用到
DBHost=192.168.182.130            # 数据库，使用本地，也可以使用ip，我喜欢使用localhost，因为我授权就是本地，也因为配置ip失败踩过坑
DBName=zabbix_proxy               # 数据库名称，创建zabbix-proxy的mysql的数据库名称
DBUser=zabbix                     # 用户
DBPassword=zabbix                 # 密码
DBPort=3306                       # 当DBHost填写localhost时，默认是使用socket通信的，这里配置一下也无碍
#HeartbeatFrequency=60            # 心跳线（具体作用网了，看配置文件吧，这个默认就是60）
ConfigFrequency=600               # 这个好像是同步配置文件的时间
DataSenderFrequency=1             # 这个是proxy端向server端发送数据的时间，单位是秒，几乎等于实时同步


# 启动zabbix-proxy 
systemctl start zabbix-proxy.service

8.2 、源码安装

yum -y install curl-devel libevent-devel   libevent curl  libxml2-devel libxml2  pcre pcre-devel
yum install mysql-devel  -y
yum install -y net-snmp-devel


# 编译安装zabbix proxy：
wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/4.4.0/zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
cd zabbix-4.4.0


# proxy：
 ./configure --prefix=/app/zabbix_proxy_4.4   --enable-proxy  --with-mysql   --with-libcurl --with-libxml2  --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-openssl
ln -s /app/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.20
# 启动:
/app/zabbix_proxy_4.4/sbin/zabbix_proxy -c /app/zabbix_proxy_4.4/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf

8.2 、web端配置代理

8.2.1、web配置zabbix代理

添加主机时选择代理

如果出现如下图，则zabbix server不能与zabbix proxy正常通信

正常通信如图：

九.zabbix客户端安装

9.1、yum安装

# 添加yum源
rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
# 安装
yum install zabbix-agent
# 启动
service zabbix-agent start

9.2、源码安装

yum -y install curl-devel libevent-devel   libevent curl  libxml2-devel libxml2  pcre pcre-devel
yum install mysql-devel  -y
yum install -y net-snmp-devel


# 编译安装zabbix客户端：
wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/4.4.0/zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
cd zabbix-4.4.0


# agent：
 ./configure --prefix=/app/zabbix_agent_4.4   --enable-agent  --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-openssl


# 启动：
/app/zabbix_agent_4.4/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /app/zabbix_agent_4.4/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

9.3、修改配置(/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf)

Server=[zabbix server/zabbix proxy ip]
ServerActive=[zabbix server/zabbix proxy ip]
Hostname=[ Hostname of client system ]
# 例：
Server=192.168.182.130
ServerActive=192.168.182.130
Hostname=192.168.182.129

9.4、安装zabbix-get，并测试agent端是否server端连通

# 安装
yum install -y zabbix-get
# 在服务端测试（192.168.182.132），-s --host:agent端ip；-p,--port:端口；-k,--key：监控项key
zabbix_get -s 192.168.182.130 -p 10050 -k system.hostname

十. 常用命令

zabbix server与zabbix proxy的配置的同步是有延时的，如果需要立即同步可以手动执行命令:
zabbix_proxy -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf  -R config_cache_reload

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