openGauss每日一练第20天|学习openGauss数据库的逻辑备份与恢复

学习目标

掌握openGauss数据库的逻辑备份和恢复技术。

课程作业

1.逻辑备份和恢复案例1:使用sql格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库

--创建备份目录root@modb:~# su - omm
omm@modb:~$ mkdir /var/lib/opengauss/backup

--在omm数据库上创建测试表omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# CREATE TABLE test1(txt char(30));
CREATE TABLE
omm=# INSERT INTO TEST1 VALUES('2022年12月13日21:04:39');
INSERT 0 1
omm=# \dt
                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)

omm=# 

--使用test用户，备份数据库omm：
omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234  omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:06:40]: The total objects number is 411.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:06:40]: [100.00%] 411 objects have been dumped.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:06:40]: dump database omm successfully
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:06:40]: total time: 1726  ms
omm@modb:~$ ls /var/lib/opengauss/backup/           
backup.sql
omm@modb:~$ 

--删除omm数据库上创建的测试表testomm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# drop table test1 ;
DROP TABLE
omm=# \dt
omm=# No relations found.

omm=#

--使用用户test，执行用gs_dump生成的sql脚本，将数据恢复omm数据库
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm   -U test  -W huawei@1234  -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql:16: ERROR:  schema "test" already exists
ALTER SCHEMA
SET
SET
SET
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
REVOKE
REVOKE
GRANT
GRANT
total time: 11  ms

--查看恢复后的omm数据库，查看数据是否一致
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# \dt
omm=#                          List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)


omm=# select * from test1;
              txt               
--------------------------------
 2022年12月13日21:04:39     
(1 row)

omm=#

2.逻辑备份和恢复案例2:使用dump格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库

--使用gs_dump备份数据库，生成dump文件
omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234  omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:34:31]: The total objects number is 411.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:34:31]: [100.00%] 411 objects have been dumped.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:34:31]: dump database omm successfully
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:34:31]: total time: 1608  ms
omm@modb:~$ ls /var/lib/opengauss/backup/
backup.dump  backup.sql
omm@modb:~$ 

--删除omm数据库的测试表test1omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# \dt

omm=#                          List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)

omm=# drop table test1;
DROP TABLE
omm=# \dt
No relations found.

--使用用户test，执行用gs_dump生成的sql脚本，将数据恢复到omm数据库中
omm@modb:~$  gsql -d omm -U test  -W huawei@1234  -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:16: ERROR:  schema "test" already exists
ALTER SCHEMA
SET
SET
SET
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
REVOKE
REVOKE
GRANT
GRANT
total time: 11  ms
omm@modb:~$
--查看恢复后的omm数据库，查看数据是否一致
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# \dt
                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(1 row)

omm=# select * from test1;
              txt               
--------------------------------
 2022年12月13日21:04:39     
(1 row)

omm=#