在麒麟桌面版操作系统（X86_64、ARM）安装MySQL

环境

VMware
远程工具：MobaXterm
操作系统：Kylin V10 SP1 Desktop 桌面版
操作系统架构：X86_64、ARM
MySQL:5.7.33、5.7.27
其他：
X86_64 架构安装 MySQL 5.7.33
ARM 架构安装 MySQL 5.7.27
本方安装以X86_64架构 MySQL 5.7.33为例，ARM架构安装不同之处会做说明

kylin@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Kylin"
VERSION="银河麒麟桌面操作系统V10 (SP1)"
VERSION_US="Kylin Linux Desktop V10 (SP1)"
ID=kylin
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Kylin V10 SP1"
VERSION_ID="v10"
HOME_URL="http://www.kylinos.cn/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://www.kylinos.cn/support/technology.html"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://www.kylinos.cn/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="http://www.kylinos.cn"
VERSION_CODENAME=kylin
UBUNTU_CODENAME=kylin
PROJECT_CODENAME=v10sp1
kylin@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~$

kylin@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.10.0-5-generic (buildd@localhost) (gcc (Ubuntu 9.3.0-10kylin2) 9.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #15~v10pro-KYLINOS SMP Tue Aug 3 03:55:56 UTC 2021

kylin@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~$ uname -a
Linux kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform 5.10.0-5-generic #15~v10pro-KYLINOS SMP Tue Aug 3 03:55:56 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

安装包准备

下载安装包

mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-5.7.27-aarch64.tar.gz

将下载好的压缩包上传到虚拟机中

创建用户组、用户

kylin@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~$ sudo su -
[sudo] kylin 的密码：
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~#

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# groupadd mysql
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# useradd -g mysql mysql
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~#

创建MySQL相关目录

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# id mysql
uid=1002(mysql) gid=1002(mysql) 组=1002(mysql)
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# mkdir -p /app/database/mysql
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# mkdir -p /data/3306
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# mkdir -p /binlog/3306
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~#

解压压缩包

切换到用户的工作目录

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:~# cd /home/kylin/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# ll
总用量 646372
drwx------ 21 kylin kylin      4096 2月  13 22:30 ./
drwxr-xr-x  4 root  root       4096 2月   9 19:35 ../
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  21 23:11 公共的/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  20  2021 模板/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  21 23:11 视频/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  21 23:11 图片/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  21 23:11 文档/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  21 23:11 下载/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 8月  21 23:11 音乐/
drwxr-xr-x  2 kylin kylin      4096 2月   9 21:04 桌面/
-rw-------  1 kylin kylin       133 2月   9 22:15 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--  1 kylin kylin       220 4月  15  2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--  1 kylin kylin      3854 8月  20  2021 .bashrc
drwxrwxr-x  9 kylin kylin      4096 2月  13 22:25 .cache/
……
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin#

解压压缩包

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test_embedded
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_config_editor
mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_embedded
……
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin#

给文件夹mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64重命名，方便后面的操作

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# ls
公共的  模板  视频  图片  文档  下载  音乐  桌面  mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  setup
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# ls
公共的  模板  视频  图片  文档  下载  音乐  桌面  mysql  mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  setup
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin#

把mysql里面的内容移动到/app/database/mysql中

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# cp -r mysql/* /app/database/mysql/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin#

修改文件目录的权限

查看app目录的权限

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/kylin# cd /
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/# ll
总用量 100
drwxrwxr-x  24 root root  4096 2月  13 22:42 ./
drwxrwxr-x  24 root root  4096 2月  13 22:42 ../
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 2月  13 22:42 app/
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 8月  21 22:57 backup/
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 8月  20  2021 bin -> usr/bin/
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 2月  13 22:42 binlog/
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root  4096 2月   9 21:04 boot/
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 8月  21 23:06 cdrom/
drwxrwxrwt   7 root root  4096 2月  13 22:42 data/
drwxr-xr-x  18 root root  4320 2月  13 22:23 dev/
drwxr-xr-x 153 root root 12288 2月  13 22:40 etc/
drwx------   3 root root  4096 2月  13 22:28 .gnupg/
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root  4096 2月   9 19:35 home/
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 8月  20  2021 lib -> usr/lib/
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     9 8月  20  2021 lib32 -> usr/lib32/
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     9 8月  20  2021 lib64 -> usr/lib64/
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    10 8月  20  2021 libx32 -> usr/libx32/
drwx------   2 root root 16384 8月  21 22:57 lost+found/
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 8月  24 21:11 media/
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 8月  20  2021 mnt/
drwxr-xr-x  16 root root  4096 2月   9 20:59 opt/
dr-xr-xr-x 390 root root     0 2月  14  2023 proc/
drwx------   7 root root  4096 2月  13 22:34 root/
drwxr-xr-x  35 root root  1100 2月  13 22:47 run/
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     8 8月  20  2021 sbin -> usr/sbin/
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 2月   9 19:31 srv/
dr-xr-xr-x  14 root root     0 2月  14  2023 sys/
drwxrwxrwt  17 root root  4096 2月  13 23:01 tmp/
drwxr-xr-x  15 root root  4096 8月  20  2021 usr/
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root  4096 8月  20  2021 var/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/#

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/# cd /app/database/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database# ll
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2月  13 22:42 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2月  13 22:42 ../
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 2月  13 23:01 mysql/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database#

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database# ll
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root  4096 2月  13 22:42 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root  4096 2月  13 22:42 ../
drwxr-xr-x 9 mysql mysql 4096 2月  13 23:01 mysql/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database#

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database# cd mysql/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# ll
总用量 288
drwxr-xr-x  9 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:01 ./
drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root    4096 2月  13 22:42 ../
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:00 bin/
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:00 docs/
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:00 include/
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:01 lib/
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 250129 2月  13 23:01 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:01 man/
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql    566 2月  13 23:01 README
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:01 share/
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 2月  13 23:01 support-files/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql#

添加环境变量

/etc/profile末尾添加一行：
export PATH="$PATH:/app/database/mysql/bin"

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# vim /etc/profile

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# source /etc/profile
QStandardPaths: wrong ownership on runtime directory /run/user/1000, 1000 instead of 0
PlatformTheme Create "ukui"
ProxyStyle create "kysec_auth" "ukui"
Qt5UKUIStyle create "kysec_auth" "ukui-default"
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# chown -R mysql:mysql /binlog/3306/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql#

# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "${PS1-}" ]; then
  if [ "${BASH-}" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='\h:\w\$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='# '
    else
      PS1='$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi
export ZLOG_PROFILE_DEBUG=/var/log/xtx/zlog_debug.log
export ZLOG_PROFILE_ERROR=/var/log/xtx/zlog_error.log

export PATH="$PATH:/app/database/mysql/bin"

source /etc/profile更改电脑配置，在弹出的对话框中选择允许
ARM架构安装时，可能不会弹出对话框

验证

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/app/database/mysql/bin
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql#

查看mysql版本

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# mysql -V
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql#

报错的原因是因为：麒麟V10的libtinfo.so.5已经编程了libtinfo.s0.6

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# cd /usr/lib/
# 此处在x后按Tab键
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib# cd x
x86_64-linux-gnu/ xfsprogs/         xorg/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib# cd x86_64-linux-gnu/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# ls libtinfo.so.6*
libtinfo.so.6  libtinfo.so.6.2
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# ln -s libtinfo.so.6 libtinfo.so.5
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# mysql -V
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu#

报错的原因及处理方法同libtinfo.so.5

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# ls libncurses.so.6*
libncurses.so.6  libncurses.so.6.2
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# ln -s libncurses.so.6 libncurses.so.5
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.33, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu#

ARM架构下的路径为：/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu

配置文件

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# vim /etc/my.cnf
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu#

[mysqld]
basedir=/app/database/mysql
bind-address=0.0.0.0
datadir=/data/3306
log-error=/data/3306/mysql.err
lower-case-table-names=1
pid-file=/data/3306/mysql.pid
port=3306
server_id=1
socket=/binlog/3306/mysql.sock
user=mysql
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
[mysql]
socket=/binlog/3306/mysql.sock

格式化数据库

切换到/app/database/mysql/bin下
然后使用命令：
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/database/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu# cd /app/database/mysql/bin/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/database/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin#

查看初始密码

cat /data/3306/mysql.err | grep localhost
：后面的就是密码，记录密码，登录时要使用

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin# cat   /data/3306/mysql.err | grep localhost
2023-02-13T15:28:46.070570Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: glSgf!B=#7aI
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin#
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin# cat /data/3306/mysql.err
2023-02-13T15:28:45.099032Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2023-02-13T15:28:45.252574Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2023-02-13T15:28:45.275340Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2023-02-13T15:28:45.329233Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 1aab70eb-abb3-11ed-9c43-000c291eb75c.
2023-02-13T15:28:45.330007Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2023-02-13T15:28:45.889251Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2023-02-13T15:28:46.070570Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: glSgf!B=#7aI
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin#

准备启动脚本

拷贝MySQL对启动脚本至系统软件管理目录中

root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/bin# cd ..
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql# cd support-files/
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/support-files# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
root@kylin-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/app/database/mysql/support-files#

重新启动计算机

重启！重启！重启！

查看启动状态

重启计算机后，查看mysql启动状态

# 查询mysql服务状态
service mysql status 

# 关闭mysql服务
service mysql stop 

# 开启mysql服务
service mysql start 

# 重启mysql服务
service mysql restart 

设置开机启动

sudo update-rc.d -f mysql defaults