CentOS 7安装PostgreSQL

本文主要提供快速安装和测试用途，正式环境需要对操作系统参数优化和后续数据库参数设置等等

官网给出了两种推荐的安装方式

• 二进制包安装

• 源码安装

一般操作系统的二进制包安装可以到官网下载。可以通过Yum安装的Red Hat 系列发行版包括

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• Rocky Linux
• CentOS (7 and 6 only)
• Oracle Linux
• Fedora*

CentOS 7可以通过Yum安装，下面按照官网的文档来安装

Yum仓库安装

安装仓库RPM

sudo yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm

安装需要的包

注意在yum安装时会出现如下报错，请提前安装libzstd-devel包

RPM fails to install on CentOS - ERROR: Requires: libzstd.so.1()(64bit)

sudo yum install -y epel-release
sudo yum install -y libzstd-devel

或

sudo yum install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libzstd-1.5.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装PostgreSQL

默认安装版本9.2.24

sudo yum install -y postgresql-server

或安装版本15

sudo yum install -y postgresql15-server

初始化数据库，设置开机自启数据库

默认版本9.2.24

sudo postgresql-setup initdb
sudo systemctl start postgresql.service
sudo systemctl enable postgresql.service

数据库默认目录/var/lib/pgsql/data

版本15

sudo /usr/pgsql-15/bin/postgresql-15-setup initdb
sudo systemctl enable postgresql-15
sudo systemctl start postgresql-15

数据库默认目录/var/lib/pgsql/15/data

创建数据库测试连接

/usr/pgsql-15/bin/createdb test
/usr/pgsql-15/bin/psql test

源码安装

安装需要的包

yum -y install readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel gettext gettext-devel openssl openssl-devel pam pam-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-devel tcl-devel uuid-devel gcc gcc-c++ make flex bison perl-ExtUtils*

下载软件安装包

wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.3/postgresql-15.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf postgresql-15.3.tar.gz
cd postgresql-15.3/

快速安装

./configure
make
su
make install
adduser postgres
mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/data
chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
su - postgres
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l logfile start
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql test