12c OCM 考试环境说明
考试环境和 12c OCM 升级考试类似，如下：
操作系统为：Oracle Linux Release 6.5 64 bit
辅助工具为：Mozilla Browser, Text (emacs, gedit) and vi editors
Shell 环境为: bash, csh
数据库软件：Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 64 bit
GI 软件：Oracle GridInfrastructure 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)
CC 软件：Oracle EnterpriseManager Cloud Control 12c Rel 4
Skillset1：General Database and Network Administration
Create and manage pluggable databases.
Create and manage users, roles, and privileges.
Configure the network environment to allow connections to multiple databases.
Create and manage database configuration files.
Configure shared server
Manage network file directories
解析：本场景时间最长，多租户的特性是重点，PDB 的各种创建方法要烂熟于心，PDB 中的各种管理方法
如：用户，角色和权限，也要信手拈来。网络配置永远是 OCM 考试的重点，因为成绩是通过网络采集。
各种表空间和文件的创建方法也需要掌握。实例的参数要会对应修改。
Skillset2：Managing Database Availability
Install the EM Cloud Control agent
Configure recovery catalog.
Configure RMAN.
Perform a full database backup.
Configure and monitor Flashback Database.
解析：在备份恢复这个场景中，12c OCM 的题目比 11g OCM 除了多租户结构中该如何备份以外，RMAN
的新特性也需要掌握。
Skillset3：Data Warehouse Management
Create a database link.
Create a fast refreshable materialized view.
Create a plug-in tablespace by using the transportable tablespace feature.
Optimize star queries.
Configure parallel execution.
Apply a Patch
Configure Automatic Data Optimization, In-Row Archiving, and Temporal Validity
Manage external tables
解析：考试大纲的吻合度还是比较高的，按照考纲准备没有问题。新特性包括：自动数据重优化，行归档
和期间有效性。
Skillset4：Data Management
Manage additional buffer cache.
Optimize space usage for the LOB data.
Manage an encrypted tablespace.
Manage schema data.
Manage partitioned tables.
Set up Fine-Grained Auditing.
Configure the database to retrieve all previous versions of the table rows.
解析：本场景是整个考试的重点，除考试大纲外还要掌握 12c 新特性：如：Partial Indexes for Partitioned
Tables，SecureFilesEnhancements 等
Skillset5：Performance Management
Configure the Resource Manager.
Tune SQL statements.
Use real application testing
Manage SQL Plan baselines.
Capture performance statistics.
Tune an instance
Configure and manage result cache
Manage extended statistics
Create and manage partitioned indexes
Control CPU use for Oracle Instances
Configure and manage "In Memory" features
解析：性能优化是非常重要的场景，需要扩展相关特性，如 inmemory，各种缓存等等。
Skillset6：Data Guard
Administer a Data Guard environment
Create a physical standby database
Configure a standby database for testing
Configure a standby database to apply redo
Configure a standby database to use for reporting
Configure fast start failover
Manage DDL in a Data Guard environment
解析：如果对自己的技术非常自信，可以手工完成，如果技术一般可以借助 CC，缺点是不稳定，很可能功
亏一篑，至于内容，按照考纲准备问题不大。如，ADG，snapshot，fast start failover 等。
Skillset7: Grid Infrastructure
Install Oracle Grid Infrastructure.
Create ASM Disk Groups.
Create and manage ASM instances.
Configure ASM Cloud File System (ACFS).
Administer Oracle Clusterware.
解析：与考纲吻合度很高，按照考纲训练没有问题。
Skillset8: Real Application Cluster Database
Install Oracle Database software
Create a Real Application Clusters (RAC) database
Configure Database Services
Administer Oracle RAC databases on one or more cluster nodes
解析：与考纲吻合度很高，按照考纲训练没有问题。建库过程比较慢，但时间还是够用的，如果并行做一
些事情，效率很高还能剩余不少时间
