C语言结构体初始化的三种方法

示例

#include <stdio.h>
 
struct student_st
{
	char c;
	int score;
	const char *name;
};
 
static void show_student(struct student_st *stu)
{
	printf("c = %c, score = %d, name = %s\n", stu->c, stu->score, stu->name);
}
 
int main(void)
{
	// method 1: 按照成员声明的顺序初始化
	struct student_st s1 = {'A', 91, "Alan"};
	show_student(&s1);
 
	// method 2: 指定初始化，成员顺序可以不定，Linux 内核多采用此方式
	struct student_st s2 = 
	{
		.name = "YunYun",
		.c = 'B',
		.score = 92,
	};
	show_student(&s2);
 
	// method 3: 指定初始化，成员顺序可以不定
	struct student_st s3 = 
	{
		c: 'C',
		score: 93,
		name: "Wood",
	};
	show_student(&s3);
	
	return 0;
}

运行结果

初始化数组

可采用 {{ }, { }, { }} 方式，如

struct student_st stus[2] = 
{
	{
		.c = 'D',
		.score = 94,
		/*也可以只初始化部分成员*/
	},
	{
		.c = 'D',
		.score = 94,
		.name = "Xxx"
	},
};