PostgreSQL Oracle 兼容性 - connect by 2

digoal 2018-07-14

467

作者

digoal

日期

2018-07-14

背景

Oracle connect by语法经常用于有树形关系的记录查询，PostgreSQL使用CTE递归语法，可以实现同样的功能。

《PostgreSQL Oracle 兼容性之 - connect by 高级选项 CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF、SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH、CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE、LEVEL》

《PostgreSQL Oracle 兼容性之 - connect by》

本文通过一个更加简单的方法，同样可以实现一样的功能，用到tablefunc插件中的connectby函数。

接口如下

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/static/tablefunc.html

```
connectby(text relname, text keyid_fld, text parent_keyid_fld
[, text orderby_fld ], text start_with, int max_depth
[, text branch_delim ])

setof record

Produces a representation of a hierarchical tree structure
```

Parameter |Description
---|---
relname| Name of the source relation
keyid_fld| Name of the key field
parent_keyid_fld| Name of the parent-key field
orderby_fld| Name of the field to order siblings by (optional)
start_with| Key value of the row to start at
max_depth| Maximum depth to descend to, or zero for unlimited depth
branch_delim| String to separate keys with in branch output (optional)

例子

```
create extension tablefunc;

CREATE TABLE connectby_tree(keyid text, parent_keyid text, pos int);

INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row1',NULL, 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row2','row1', 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row3','row1', 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row4','row2', 1);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row5','row2', 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row6','row4', 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row7','row3', 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row8','row6', 0);
INSERT INTO connectby_tree VALUES('row9','row5', 0);

-- with branch, without orderby_fld (order of results is not guaranteed)
SELECT * FROM connectby('connectby_tree', 'keyid', 'parent_keyid', 'row2', 0, '~')
AS t(keyid text, parent_keyid text, level int, branch text);
keyid | parent_keyid | level | branch
-------+--------------+-------+---------------------
row2 | | 0 | row2
row4 | row2 | 1 | row2~row4
row6 | row4 | 2 | row2~row4~row6
row8 | row6 | 3 | row2~row4~row6~row8
row5 | row2 | 1 | row2~row5
row9 | row5 | 2 | row2~row5~row9
(6 rows)

-- without branch, without orderby_fld (order of results is not guaranteed)
SELECT * FROM connectby('connectby_tree', 'keyid', 'parent_keyid', 'row2', 0)
AS t(keyid text, parent_keyid text, level int);
keyid | parent_keyid | level
-------+--------------+-------
row2 | | 0
row4 | row2 | 1
row6 | row4 | 2
row8 | row6 | 3
row5 | row2 | 1
row9 | row5 | 2
(6 rows)

-- with branch, with orderby_fld (notice that row5 comes before row4)
SELECT * FROM connectby('connectby_tree', 'keyid', 'parent_keyid', 'pos', 'row2', 0, '~')
AS t(keyid text, parent_keyid text, level int, branch text, pos int);
keyid | parent_keyid | level | branch | pos
-------+--------------+-------+---------------------+-----
row2 | | 0 | row2 | 1
row5 | row2 | 1 | row2~row5 | 2
row9 | row5 | 2 | row2~row5~row9 | 3
row4 | row2 | 1 | row2~row4 | 4
row6 | row4 | 2 | row2~row4~row6 | 5
row8 | row6 | 3 | row2~row4~row6~row8 | 6
(6 rows)

-- without branch, with orderby_fld (notice that row5 comes before row4)
SELECT * FROM connectby('connectby_tree', 'keyid', 'parent_keyid', 'pos', 'row2', 0)
AS t(keyid text, parent_keyid text, level int, pos int);
keyid | parent_keyid | level | pos
-------+--------------+-------+-----
row2 | | 0 | 1
row5 | row2 | 1 | 2
row9 | row5 | 2 | 3
row4 | row2 | 1 | 4
row6 | row4 | 2 | 5
row8 | row6 | 3 | 6
(6 rows)
```