Halo DB 14 小白零基础系列1.docx
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Halo DB 14 小白零基础系列（1）-基本操作指南
前言：
新年的初始，为大家带来关于 Halo DB 的基础使用方式，这里为大家提供一个文档来参考，后续会持续更新，
请各位朋友参阅，如有任何问题和好的建议也可以通过我主页的联系方式与我取得联系，如果需要安装介质的申
请，请私信联系。
一、Halo 数据库的基本操作：
注意：本章节下的所有命令，请在操作系统的 halo 用户下执行。
1、启动数据库：pg_ctl start
[halo@halodb1 ~]$ pg_ctl startwaiting for server to start....2024-01-02 13:26:53.655 CST [8669] LOG:
starting 羲和(Halo) 1.0.14.10 (231130) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623
(Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit2024-01-02 13:26:53.655 CST [8669] LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::1", port
19212024-01-02 13:26:53.655 CST [8669] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1", port 19212024-01-02
13:26:53.657 CST [8669] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/var/run/halo/.s.PGSQL.1921"2024-01-02
13:26:53.669 CST [8670] LOG: database system was shut down at 2024-01-02 13:26:50 CST2024-01-02
13:26:53.674 CST [8669] LOG: database system is ready to accept connectionsdoneserver started
2、查看数据库状态：pg_ctl status
[halo@halodb1 ~]$ pg_ctl status
pg_ctl: server is running (PID: 8669)
/u01/app/halo/product/dbms/14/bin/postgres
3、查看控制文件：pg_controldata
[halo@halodb1 ~]$ pg_controldatapg_control version number: 1300Catalog version number:
202107181Database system identifier: 7314545940227128703Database cluster state: in
productionpg_control last modified: Tue 02 Jan 2024 01:31:53 PM CSTLatest checkpoint location:
0/1E173D0Latest checkpoint's REDO location: 0/1E17398Latest checkpoint's REDO WAL file:
000000010000000000000001Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID: 1Latest checkpoint's PrevTimeLineID: 1Latest
checkpoint's full_page_writes: onLatest checkpoint's NextXID: 0:841Latest checkpoint's NextOID:
24984Latest checkpoint's NextMultiXactId: 1Latest checkpoint's NextMultiOffset: 0Latest checkpoint's
oldestXID: 732Latest checkpoint's oldestXID's DB: 1Latest checkpoint's oldestActiveXID: 841Latest
checkpoint's oldestMultiXid: 1Latest checkpoint's oldestMulti's DB: 14509Latest checkpoint's
oldestCommitTsXid:0Latest checkpoint's newestCommitTsXid:0Time of latest checkpoint: Tue 02 Jan 2024
01:31:53 PM CSTFake LSN counter for unlogged rels: 0/3E8Minimum recovery ending location: 0/0Min
recovery ending loc's timeline: 0Backup start location: 0/0Backup end location: 0/0End-of-backup
record required: nowal_level setting: replicawal_log_hints setting: offmax_connections setting:
100max_worker_processes setting: 8max_wal_senders setting: 10max_prepared_xacts setting:
0max_locks_per_xact setting: 64track_commit_timestamp setting: offMaximum data alignment: 8Database
block size: 8192Blocks per segment of large relation: 131072WAL block size: 8192Bytes per WAL
segment: 16777216Maximum length of identifiers: 64Maximum columns in an index: 32Maximum size of a
TOAST chunk: 1996Size of a large-object chunk: 2048Date/time type storage: 64-bit integersFloat8
argument passing: by valueData page checksum version: 0Mock authentication nonce:
aee41396502d5573e5df8cbddc6474f5f3a826776f5d7aae8df7af320b371cdf
4、关闭数据库：pg_ctl stop
[halo@halodb1 ~]$ pg_ctl stop
waiting for server to shut down....2024-01-02 13:43:31.236 CST [8669] LOG: received fast shutdown
request2024-01-02 13:43:31.247 CST [8669] LOG: aborting any active transactions2024-01-02
13:43:31.248 CST [8669] LOG: background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 8676) exited
with exit code 12024-01-02 13:43:31.248 CST [8671] LOG: shutting down2024-01-02 13:43:31.261 CST
[8669] LOG: database system is shut down
doneserver stopped
5、登录数据库：psql -U halo halo0root
[halo@halodb1 ~]$ psql -U halo halo0root
psql (1.0.14.10 (231130))
Type "help" for help.
halo0root=# exit
二、psql 命令行常用操作：
这里为大家整理出来一些比较常用的快捷命令，方便各位初学小伙伴上手容易些，HaloDB 作为 PG 系的产品，
对 PG 的支持可以说是相当的友好。所以如果有 PG 数据库基础的朋友完全可以跳过此章节。
1、列出数据库以及查看数据库编码：\l
[halo@halodb1 ~]$ psql
psql (1.0.14.10 (231130))
Type "help" for help.
halo0root=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-------+----------+-------------+-------------+-------------------
halo0root | halo | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
template0 | halo | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/halo +
| | | | | halo=CTc/halo
template1 | halo | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/halo +
| | | | | halo=CTc/halo
testzz | halo | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
(4 rows)
halo0root=#
2、切换数据库：\c dbname username
halo0root=# \c testzz halo
You are now connected to database "testzz" as user "halo"
3、列出当前数据库所有的表:\dt
testzz=# \dt
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
--------+----------+-------+-------
public | bonus | table | halo
public | dept | table | halo
public | emp | table | halo
public | salgrade | table | halo
(4 rows)
4、列出当前数据库所有的索引:\di
testzz=# \di
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Table
--------+---------+-------+-------+-------
public | pk_dept | index | halo | dept
public | pk_emp | index | halo | emp
(2 rows)
5 、列出 ROLE：\du
testzz=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of-----------
+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
halo | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}
6 、 列出 SCHEMA：\dn
testzz=# \dnList of schemasName | Owner--------+-------public | halosys | halo(2 rows)
7、列出表空间：\db
testzz=# \dbList of tablespacesName | Owner | Location------------+-------+----------pg_default |
halo |pg_global | halo |(2 rows)
8、列出数据库扩展：\dx
halo0root=# \dxList of installed extensionsName | Version | Schema | Description----------
+---------+--------------------+------------------------------aux_init | 1.0 | information_schema |
Init Supplementary Extensionplpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language(2 rows)
9、列出当前数据库序列：\ds
halo0root=# \ds
Did not find any relations.
10、切换工作路径：\cd +文件路径
halo0root=# \cd /data/
11、查看当前会话连接信息：\conninfo
halo0root=# \conninfo
You are connected to database "halo0root" as user "halo" via socket in "/var/run/halo" at port
"1921".
12、显示和关闭 SQL 执行时间：\timing
testzz=# \timingTiming is on.testzz=# select * from emp;empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sal | comm
| deptno-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------7369 | SMITH | CLERK |
7902 | 1980-12-17 | 800 | | 207499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 | 300 | 307521 | WARD |
SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 | 500 | 307566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | | 207654
| MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 | 307698 | BLAKE | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-05-01 |
2850 | | 307782 | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | | 107839 | KING | PRESIDENT | | 1981-11-17 |
5000 | | 107844 | TURNER | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 | 0 | 307900 | JAMES | CLERK | 7698 | 1981-
12-03 | 950 | | 307902 | FORD | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | | 207934 | MILLER | CLERK | 7782 |
1982-01-23 | 1300 | | 10(12 rows)
Time: 0.387 mstestzz=# \timing offTiming is off.testzz=# select * from emp;empno | ename | job | mgr |
hiredate | sal | comm | deptno-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------
7369 | SMITH | CLERK | 7902 | 1980-12-17 | 800 | | 207499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |
300 | 307521 | WARD | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 | 500 | 307566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-
04-02 | 2975 | | 207654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 | 307698 | BLAKE | MANAGER |
7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | | 307782 | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | | 107839 | KING |
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