ORACLE备份恢复相关内容汇总.pdf

周小周

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2025-07-04

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一、Oracle RMAN 的 show,list,crosscheck,delete

Oracle RMAN 的 show,list,crosscheck,delete 命令整理

1、SHOW 命令：

显示 rman 配置： RMAN> show all;

2、REPORT 命令：

2.1、RMAN> report schema 报告目标数据库的物理结构;

2.2、RMAN>report need backup days=3; 报告最近 3 天没有被备份的数据文件；

2.3、RMAN> report need backup days 3 tablespace users; 在 USERS 表空间上 3 天未备份的数据文件;

2.4、RMAN> report need backup incremental 3; 报告恢复数据文件需要的增量备份个数超过 3 次的数据文

件;

2.5、RMAN> report need backup redundancy 2 database; 报告备份文件低于 2 份的所有数据文件;

RMAN>report need backup redundancy=2;

2.6、RMAN> report need backup recovery window of 6 days; 报告文件报表的恢复需要超过 6 天的归档日志

的数据文件;

2.7、RMAN> report unrecoverable; 报告数据库所有不可恢复的数据文件;

2.8、RMAN> report obsolete redundancy 2; 报告备份次数超过 2 次的陈旧备份;

2.9、RMAN>report obsolete; 报告多余的备份；

3、LIST 命令：列出备份信息

3.1、列出数据文件备份集

RMAN>list backup 列出详细备份；

RMAN>list expired backup 列出过期备份;

RMAN> list backup of database; 列出所有数据文件的备份集；

RMAN> list backup of tablespace user01; 列出特定表空间的所有数据文件备份集；

3.2、RMAN> list backup of controlfile 列出控制文件备份集;

3.3、RMAN> list backup of archivelog all 列出归档日志备份集详细信息;

RMAN>list archivelog all; 列出归档日志备份集简要信息

3.4、RMAN> list backup of spfile 列出 SPFILE 备份集;

3.5、RMAN> list copy of datafile 5 列出数据文件映像副本;

3.6、RMAN> list copy of controlfile 列出控制文件映像副本;

3.7、RMAN> list copy of archivelog all 列出归档日志映像副本;

3.8、RMAN> list incarnation of database 列出对应物/列出数据库副本;

3.9、RMAN>list backup summary; 概述可用的备份；

B 表示 backup

F 表示 FULL

A 表示 archive log

0 1 表示 incremental backup

S 说明备份状态（A AVAILABLE X EXPIRED )

3.10、RMAN>list backup by file 按备份类型列出备份；

按照数据文件备份，归档日志备份，控制文件备份，服务器参数文件备份列出

4、CROSSCHECK 命令：校验备份信息

4.1、RMAN> crosscheck backup 核对所有备份集;

4.2、RMAN> crosscheck backup of database 核对所有数据文件的备份集;

4.3、RMAN> crosscheck backup of tablespace users 核对特定表空间的备份集;

4.4、RMAN> crosscheck backup of datafile 4 核对特定数据文件的备份集;

4.5、RMAN> crosscheck backup of controlfile 核对控制文件的备份集;

4.6、RMAN> crosscheck backup of spfile 核对 SPFILE 的备份集;

4.7、RMAN> crosscheck backup of archivelog sequence 3 核对归档日志的备份集;

4.8、RMAN> crosscheck copy 核对所有映像副本;

4.9、RMAN> crosscheck copy of database 核对所有数据文件的映像副本;

4.10、RMAN> crosscheck copy of tablespace users 核对特定表空间的映像副本;

4.11、RMAN> crosscheck copy of datafile 6 核对特定数据文件的映像副本;

4.12、RMAN> crosscheck copy of archivelog sequence 4 核对归档日志的映像副本;

4.13、RMAN> crosscheck copy of controlfile 核对控制文件的映像副本;

4.14、RMAN> crosscheck backup tag='SAT_BACKUP';

4.15、RMAN> crosscheck backup completed after 'sysdate - 2'

4.16、RMAN> crosscheck backup completed between 'sysdate - 5' and 'sysdate -2 '

4.17、RMAN> crosscheck backup device type sBT;

4.18、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

4.19、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog like '%ARC00012.001'

4.20、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog from sequence 12;

4.21、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog until sequence 522;

5、DELETE：删除备份

5.1、RMAN> delete obsolete; 删除陈旧备份；

5.2、RMAN> delete expired backup; 删除 EXPIRED 备份

5.3、RMAN> delete expired copy; 删除 EXPIRED 副本；

5.4、RMAN> delete backupset 19; 删除特定备份集；

5.5、RMAN> delete backuppiece ''d:\backup\DEMO_19.bak'' 删除特定备份片;

5.6、RMAN> delete backup 删除所有备份集;

5.7、RMAN> delete datafilecopy ''d:\backup\DEMO_19.bak'' 删除特定映像副本;

5.8、RMAN> delete copy 删除所有映像副本;

5.9、RMAN> delete archivelog all delete input;

RMAN> delete backupset 22 format = ''d:\backup\%u.bak'' delete input

在备份后删除输入对象;

5.10、RMAN> delete backupset id;

二、备份恢复

--冷备份（数据库关闭状态下的备份）

(1).shutdown immediate（很重要）

(2).cp 源文件目标文件夹

源文件：

口令文件

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